This document provides an overview of black holes including their history, formation, characteristics, growth, size, gravitational pull, and impact of falling into one. It discusses how black holes were first conceptualized in the 18th century and ideas developed over time from Einstein to Hawking. Black holes form during supernova from collapsed stars, have intense gravity preventing escape, and can feed off other matter making them grow enormously over time. Falling into a black hole results in time dilation effects and eventual death once passing the event horizon.

1. W e l c o m e

2. Group Members
❑B.M Irfan-Ul-Furqan Mustafa
❑Muhammad Ahmad
❑Abdur Rafay
Groups Members

3. contents
❑Introduction
❑History of Ideas about Black Holes
❑Formation
❑Characteristics of Black Hole
❑Growth of Black Hole
❑Size and Amount
❑Gravitational Pull
❑Falling a Body In Black Hole
❑Conclusion

4. Introduction
❑ John Wheeler in 1969
❑ Black hole - a region in the space where the gravitational
pull is so strong that neither substance nor light can leave
this area.

5. History of Ideas about Black Holes
❑ In the 18th century John Michell and
Pierre-Simon Laplace
❑ In 1915 Albert Einstein
❑ Karl Schwarzschild (1916)
❑ Robert Oppenheimer and Hartland Snyder (1939)
❑ Stephen Hawking (Present)
▪ The Black Hole War (Book)

6. Formation
❑What is Star ?
- Cloud Of Gases & Elements
- Gasses
- Hydrogen
- Helium
- Control Hydrogen Fusion

7. Life Cycle Of a Star

8. Life Cycle Of a Star
• f

9. Supernova
❑Star Collapses
– Supernova
– Black Hole
– Neutron Star

10. Parts Of Black Hole

11. Parts of Black Hole
❑Event Horizon
– Outer Horizon
– Inner Horizon
❑Singularity
❑Ergosphere

12. Characteristics of Black Hole
❑ Although black holes come in a variety of masses and sizes,
their structures are all alike.
❑ A black hole's entire mass is concentrated in an almost
infinitely small and dense point called a singularity.
❑ Cannot be Captured by Camera.
❑ It is Impossible for us to know How Big a Black Hole is .
❑ Black holes can Swallow anything.
❑ We Can Only See BH By Using IR Telescope.

13. Growth of Black Hole
❑ Could grow as massive as 50 billion suns
❑ Feed Gasses And Dust.
❑ Feed a Whole Star.
❑ Merging into each Other.

14. Size And Amount
❑ Mass > Sun
❑ Size
❑ Lie at the hearts of galaxy (27,000 light-
years away.)

15. Gravitational Pull

16. Falling a Body In Black Hole
❑Time Freeze
❑Gravitational Effect
❑Death
– Quick Death
– Very Quick Death

17. Researches
❑Largest Black Hole
– S5 0014+813 (Name)
– 40 Billion Times mass of The SUN. (Mass)
(40000000000)
– 236.7 Billion Km (Diameter)

18. Death Of Black Hole
❑Hawking Radiation
– Formation
– Process
– Death Process of BH

19. Questions
❑ Star
❑ Black Hole
❑ Hawking Radiation

20. Thanks For Your
ATTENTION