The document summarizes a presentation on cyber crime in India. It discusses what cyber crime is, the history and types of cyber crimes, how crimes are committed, relevant laws, case studies, and recommendations. Cyber crime in India is growing rapidly due to increasing internet usage. Common crimes include phishing, hacking, and identity theft. The document outlines India's IT Act and amendments that created laws to address cyber crimes.

1. Govt. Engineering College, Ajmer
Seminar Presentation
On
“Cyber Crime in India”
SESSION(2012-2013)
Guided By: Submitted By:
Mr. Dinesh Kunteta Asish Verma
Rol No : 09cs19
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
GOVT. ENGINEERING COLLEGE, AJMER
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2. Contents:
• What is Cyber Crime?
• History of Cyber Crime.
• Types of Cyber Crime.
• Mode and Manner of Committing Cyber Crime:
• What is IT Law & Cyber Law?
Acts made to deal with Cyber Crime in
• India
• Case Study in India
• Recommendations
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3. What is Cyber crime???
• Cyber crime is simply defined as crimes that
are directly related to computers and using
computers.
• An increasing number of domestic and
international criminal activities are using the
Internet. Computers and other electronic
devices can be tools to commit crime or are
targeted by criminals. A personal computer
connected to the Internet without protection
may be infected with malicious software in
under a minute.
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4. • Cybercrime is one of the fastest-growing criminal activities on the planet. It
covers a huge range of illegal activity including financial scams, computer
hacking, virus attacks, stalking by e-mail and creating websites that promote
racial hatred.
• Cybercrime has been used to describe a wide range of offences, including
offences against computer data and systems (such as “hacking”), computer-
related forgery and fraud (such as “phishing”), content offences and
copyright offences (such as the dissemination of pirated content).
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5. History of Cyber Crime
• In the early decades of modern information
technology (IT), computer crimes were largely
committed by individual disgruntled and
dishonest employees.
• Physical damage to computer systems was a
prominent threat until the 1980s.
• Criminals often used unauthorized access to
subvert security systems as they modified data for
financial gain or destroyed data for revenge.
• As telecommunications technology spread
throughout the IT world, programmers began
writing malicious software, including self-
replicating programs, to interfere with personal
computers.
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6. • As the 1990s progressed, financial crime using penetration and
subversion of computer systems increased.
• The types of malware shifted during the 1990s, taking advantage of new
vulnerabilities and dying out as operating systems were strengthened.
• Illegitimate applications of e-mail grew rapidly from the mid-1990s
onward, generating torrents of unsolicited commercial and fraudulent e-
mail.
• The most common cyber crimes during this time were phishing scams,
cyber stalking, computer viruses, and identity theft.
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7. Types of cyber crime
Target group of
computer
devices
Target personal
computer
devices
Against
Person
Against
Property
Against
Govt.
Denial of
service
Malware
Computer
Viruses
Transmission
of indecent
material
Harassment
(sexual,
racial,
religious
etc.)
Computer
Vandalism
Transmission
of harmful
programs
Terrorize
international
Govt.
Cracking
into
military
maintained
website
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8. Modes and manner of committing crimes
Unauthorized access
Unauthorized access means any kind of access without the permission of either the
rightful owner or the person in charge of a computer, computer system or computer
network.
Hacking
Every act committed towards breaking into a computer and/or network is hacking.
Hackers write or use ready-made computer programs to attack the target computer.
Trojan Attack
The program that act like something useful but do the things that are quiet damping.
The programs of this kind are called as Trojans.
Virus and Worm attack:-
A program that has capability to infect other programs and make copies of itself and
spread into other programs is called virus.
Programs that multiply like viruses but spread from computer to computer are called as
worms.
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9. Script-kiddies
Crackers do more than just spoiling websites. Novices, who are called "script-kiddies"
in their circles, gain "root" access to a computer system, giving them the same power
over a system as an administrator – such as the power to modify features. They cause
damage by planting viruses.
Email spoofing
Email spoofing refers to email that appears to have been originated from one source
when it was actually sent from another source.
Phishing scams and fraud
A ‘phisher’ may use spoof emails to direct a computer user to fraudulent websites to
elicit a transfer of money, or sensitive information such as passwords or credit card
details, from the user.
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10. • Cyber law or Internet law is a term that encapsulates the legal issues
related to use of the Internet. It is less a distinct field of law than intellectual
property or contract law, as it is a domain covering many areas of law and
regulation. Some leading topics include internet access and usage, privacy,
freedom of expression.
What is IT Law and Cyber Law
• IT Law is a set of legal enactments,
currently in existence in several
countries, which governs the digital
dissemination of both (digitalized)
information and software.
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11. Case study
.
 e-bay.in is the most popular online shopping mall providing free online auctions for
products like mobiles/cell phones, cameras, computers, etc.
 Bhubaneswar: Rourkela police busted a racket involving an online fraud worth Rs
12.5 lakh.
 Two persons, including alleged mastermind Debasis Pandit, a BCA student, were
arrested and forwarded to the court of the subdivisional judicial magistrate,
Rourkela the other arrested person is Rabi Narayan Sahu.
 A case has been registered against the accused under Sections 420 and 34 of the
Indian Penal Code and Section 66 of the IT Act and further investigation is on, he
said.
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12.  Pandit allegedly hacked into the eBay India site and gathered the details of
around 700 credit cardholders. He then made purchases by using their passwords.
 The fraud came to the notice of eBay officials when it was detected that several
purchases were made from Rourkela while the customers were based in cities such
as Bangalore, Baroda and Jaipur and even London
 The company brought the matter to the notice of Rourkela police after some
customers lodged complaints
 Pandit used the address of Sahu for delivery of the purchased goods
 The gang was involved in train, flight and hotel reservations.
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13. Why India?
A rapidly growing online user
base
 121 Million Internet Users
 65 Million Active Internet
Users, up by 28% from 51
million in 2010
 50 Million users shop online
on Ecommerce and Online
Shopping Sites
 46+ Million Social Network
Users
 346 million mobile users had
subscribed to Data Packages.
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14.  The majority of cybercrimes are centered on fraud and Phishing,
 India is the third-most targeted country for Phishing attacks after the US and the
UK,
 Social networks as well as ecommerce sites are major targets,
 6.9 million bot-infected systems in 2010,
 14,348 website defacements in 2010,
 6,850 .in and 4,150 .com domains were defaced during 2011,
 15,000 sites hacked in 2011,
 India is the number 1 country in the world for generating spam.
Cyber Crime In
India
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15. Cost Of Cyber Crime In India (2010)
 29.9 million people fell victim to cybercrime,
 $4 billion in direct financial losses,
 $3.6 billion in time spent resolving the crime,
 4 in 5 online adults (80%) have been a victim of Cybercrime,
 17% of adults online have experienced cybercrime on their mobile phone.
Source: Norton Cybercrime Report 2011
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16. We have covered about three instances where high-profile government websites were
hacked and defaced. However, the actual number of Government Websites that were
hacked are quite huge.
A total number of 90, 119, 252 and 219 Government websites tracked by the Indian
Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In) were hacked / defaced by various
hacker groups in the year 2008, 2009, 2010 and Jan–Oct 2011 respectively.
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17.  The police have recorded 3,038 cases but made only 2,700 arrests in 3 years
(between 2007 and 2010)
 India registered only 1,350 cases under the IT Act and IPC in 2010
 50% of cybercrimes are not even reported.
 Again, this is growing
trend and it is
surprising that
authorities have
not taken stern actions to
curb the growth of these
cyber-crimes.
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18. Cyber Laws in India
Under The Information
Technology Act, 2000
CHAPTER XI – OFFENCES – 66. Hacking with
computer system.
(1) Whoever with the Intent to cause or knowing
that he is likely to cause Wrongful Loss or
Damage to the public or any person Destroys or
Deletes or Alters any Information Residing in a
Computer Resource or diminishes its value or
utility or affects it injuriously by any means,
commits hack.
(2) Whoever commits hacking shall be punished with imprisonment up to three years,
or with fine which may extend up to two lakh rupees, or with both.
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19. Information Technology Amendment Act,
2008
Section – 43,
Destroys, Deletes or Alters any Information residing in a computer resource or
diminishes its value or utility or affects it injuriously by any means;
Steals, conceals, destroys or alters or causes any person to steal, conceal, destroy or
alter any computer source code used for a computer resource with an intention to
cause damage;
“If any person, dishonestly, or fraudulently, does any act referred to in section 43, he
shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to two three
years or with fine which may extend to five lakh rupees or with both.” [S.66]
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20. S.66A - Punishment for sending offensive messages through communication
service, etc
 Any person who sends, by means of a computer resource or a communication
device;
 Any information that is grossly offensive or has menacing character; or
 Any information which he knows to be false, but for the purpose of causing
annoyance, inconvenience, danger, obstruction, insult, injury, criminal
intimidation, enmity, hatred, or ill will, persistently makes by making use of
such computer resource or a communication device;
 Any electronic mail or electronic mail message for the purpose of causing
annoyance or inconvenience or to deceive or to mislead the addressee or
recipient about the origin of such messages;
Shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years
and with fine.
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21. S. 66C - Punishment for identity theft
“Whoever, fraudulently or dishonestly make use of the electronic
signature, password or any other unique identification feature of any other person,
shall be punished with imprisonment of either description for a term which may
extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend to rupees
one lakh”
S. 66D - Punishment for cheating by personation by using computer resource
“Whoever, by means of any communication device or computer resource
cheats by personation, shall be punished with imprisonment of either description
for a term which may extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine which
may extend to one lakh rupees. “
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22. S. 66E - Punishment for violation of privacy.
“Whoever, intentionally or knowingly captures, publishes or transmits the image
of a private area of any person without his or her consent, under circumstances
violating the privacy of that person, shall be punished with imprisonment which
may extend to three years or with fine not exceeding two lakh rupees, or with
both”
S. 67 A - Punishment for publishing or transmitting of material containing
sexually explicit act, etc. in electronic form
“Whoever publishes or transmits or causes to be published or transmitted in the
electronic form any material which contains sexually explicit act or conduct shall
be punished on first conviction with imprisonment of either description for a
term which may extend to five years and with fine which may extend to ten lakh
rupees”
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23. S. 67 C - Preservation and Retention of information by intermediaries.
“(1) Intermediary shall preserve and retain such information as may be specified
for such duration and in such manner and format as the Central Government may
prescribe.
(2) Any intermediary who intentionally or knowingly contravenes the provisions
of sub section (1) shall be punished with an imprisonment for a term which may
extend to three years and shall also be liable to fine.”
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24. Recommendations
 More Public awareness campaigns
 Training of police officers to effectively
combat cyber crimes
 More Cyber crime police cells set up across
the country
 Effective E-surveillance
 Websites aid in creating awareness and
encouraging reporting of cyber crime cases
 Specialised Training of forensic investigators
and experts
 Active coordination between police and other
law enforcement agencies and authorities is
required.
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25. Conclusions
 Cybercrime greatly affects individuals, businesses, and national security
due to the pervasiveness of the Internet .
 Different countries should work together and use legal, organizational, and
technological approaches to combat cybercrime
• To reduce the damage to critical infrastructures
• To protect the Internet from being abused
"The modern thief can steal more with a computer than with a gun.
Tomorrow's terrorist may be able to do more damage with a keyboard
than with a bomb".
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