Marketing in the
Twenty-first Century
By Philip Kotler
Objectives
1. Course Organization
2. Tasks of Marketing
3. Major Concepts & Tools of Marketing
4. Marketplace Orientations
5. Marketing’s Responses to New Challenges
Course/Text Organization
1. Part I - Understanding Marketing Management
2. Part II - Analyzing Marketing Opportunities
3. Part III - Developing Marketing Strategies
4. Part IV - Shaping the Market Offering
5. Part V - Managing & Delivering Marketing Programs
Defining Marketing
Marketing is a societal process by which individuals and
groups obtain what they need and want through creating,
offering, and freely exchanging products and services of
value with others.
-Philip Kotler
Core Concepts of Marketing
1. Target Markets & Segmentation
2. Needs , Wants & Demand
3. Product or Offering
4. Value and Satisfaction
5. Exchange and Transactions
6. Relationships and Networks
7. Marketing Channels
8. Supply Chain
9. Competition
10. Marketing Environment
Simple Marketing System
Industry Market
Goods and Service
Money
Communications
Information
Manufacturer
markets
Services,
money
Government
markets
Services,
money
Services
Services,
money
Taxes
Taxes,
goods
Taxes,
goods
Taxes,
goods
Money Money
Consumer
markets
Intermediary
marketsGoods, services Goods, services
Resources Resources
Resource
markets
Money Money
Structure of Flows
The Four P’s & C’s
Marketing
Mix
Product
Price Promotion
Place
Customer
Solution
Customer
Cost
Communication
Convenience
Production Concept
Product Concept
Selling Concept
Marketing Concept
Consumers prefer products that are
widely available and inexpensive
Consumers favor products that
offer the most quality, performance,
or innovative features
Consumers will buy products only if
the company aggressively
promotes/sells these products
Focuses on needs/ wants of target
markets & delivering value
better than competitors
Company Orientations
Towards the Marketplace
Market Integrated
marketing
Profits through
customer
satisfaction
Customer
needs
(b) The marketing concept
Factory Existing
products
Selling and
promotion
Profits through
sales volume
Starting
point Focus Means Ends
(a) The selling concept
Customer Delivered Value
Customers
Front-line people
Middle Management
Top
Management
Traditional Organization Chart
Customer-Oriented Organization
Chart
Customers
Front-line people
Middle management
Top
manage-
ment
Evolving Views of Marketing’s Role
a. Marketing as an
equal function
FinanceProduction
Marketing P’s Human
resources
b. Marketing as a more
important function
FinanceProduction
Marketing P’s Human
resources
Evolving Views of Marketing’s Role
c. Marketing as the
major function
Marketing
Production
d. The customer as the
controlling factor
Customer
Evolving Views of Marketing’s Role
e. The customer as the controlling
function and marketing as the
integrative function
Customer
Marketing
Production
Review
1. Course Organization
2. Tasks of Marketing
3. Major Concepts & Tools of Marketing
4. Marketplace Orientations
5. Marketing’s Responses to New Challenges
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Understanding Marketing Management