3 -Main line of treatment of colic Prof. Dr. Hamed Attia الحلقة الثالثة

1. Colic In Equines
3-Main Line of Treatment of Colic

2. ‫ا‬
.
‫د‬
‫عطية‬ ‫حامد‬
‫الحيوان‬ ‫طب‬ ‫استاذ‬
–
‫البيطرى‬ ‫الطب‬ ‫كلية‬
‫الزقازيق‬ ‫جامعة‬
-
‫مصر‬
‫الخبربالرياض‬ ‫اوميجا‬ ‫بمؤسسة‬ ‫الفنى‬ ‫المستشار‬
‫البيطرية‬ ‫لألدوية‬
‫الخيول‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫االساسية‬ ‫الخطوط‬

3. ‫الخيول‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المغص‬
‫الثالث‬ ‫الجزء‬
:
‫الوقاية‬ ‫وطرق‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫عالج‬

‫التشنجى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫عالج‬

‫االمعاء‬ ‫لكمة‬ ‫مغص‬ ‫عالج‬

‫الغازى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫عالج‬

‫الرملى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫عالج‬

‫أنواع‬ ‫عالج‬ ‫فى‬ ‫استخدامها‬ ‫ممنوع‬ ‫أدوية‬
‫المغص‬ ‫من‬ ‫معينة‬
.

‫المغص‬ ‫من‬ ‫الوقاية‬ ‫طرق‬

‫العالج‬ ‫انواع‬
(
‫دوائى‬
-
‫جراحى‬
)

‫الى‬ ‫تحتاج‬ ‫انها‬ ‫الحالة‬ ‫على‬ ‫نحكم‬ ‫كيف‬
‫جراحى؟‬ ‫ام‬ ‫دوائي‬ ‫عالج‬

‫مغص‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫العامة‬ ‫الخطوط‬

‫االستخدام‬ ‫وطرق‬ ‫وأنواعها‬ ‫األلم‬ ‫مسكنات‬

‫المغص‬ ‫عالج‬ ‫فى‬ ‫المحاليل‬ ‫أهمية‬
(
‫الجرع‬
‫ة‬
‫والنوع‬
.)

‫استخدامها‬ ‫وكيفية‬ ‫وأنواعها‬ ‫المسهالت‬

4. ‫التشخيص‬ ‫أساسيات‬

5. Treatment of colic
It may be:
Medical(90% of cases)
Surgical(10%of cases)

6. Surgical
Therapy
Medical Therapy
Signs
More than 60/M
Less than 60/M
Heart Rate
Absent
present
Defecation
Sever
More than 40
Moderate
Less than 40
Dehydration
PCV
cyanosed
Normal pink
color
Color of MM
More than 4
seconds
Less than 2
seconds
Capillary refile
time
CRT

7. Surgical
Therapy
Medical
Therapy
Signs
Absent
Present
intestinal
movement
abnormal
Normal
Rectal palpation
More than5
liter
Normal
Gastric Reflux
present
Absent
Signs of endo-
toxemia
‫كل‬ ‫من‬
10
‫مغص‬ ‫حاالت‬
9
‫وحالة‬ ‫دوائيا‬ ‫تعالج‬ ‫حاالت‬
‫اصحاب‬ ‫تأخر‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬
‫عن‬ ‫االبالغ‬ ‫فى‬ ‫الحاالت‬
‫للحاالت‬ ‫النسبة‬ ‫تزيد‬ ‫ان‬ ‫ممكن‬
‫جراحى‬ ‫تدخل‬ ‫الى‬ ‫تحتاج‬ ‫التى‬

8. The key principles in the
treatment of horses for colic
• Pain relief. ‫األلم‬ ‫تخفيف‬
• Decompression of the gastrointestinal
tract. ‫األمعاء‬ ‫على‬ ‫الضغط‬ ‫تخفيف‬
• Correcting biochemical and fluid
imbalances. ‫الحرة‬ ‫والشوارد‬ ‫السوائل‬ ‫لنسبة‬ ‫تعديل‬
• Stimulation and maintenance of
gastrointestinal motility . ‫األمعاء‬ ‫حركة‬ ‫تنشيط‬
• Reduction of gastrointestinal
inflammation. ‫االلتهابات‬ ‫درجة‬ ‫تقليل‬

9. Maine line of treatment of colic
Pain relief
Fluid therapy
Intestinal Lubricants and
Laxatives:

10. 1- Pain relief

11. 1-Pain relief
A-Antispasmodic relief
B-Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory

12. The goal of analgesic
therapy in coli
‫لأللم‬ ‫مسكن‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫من‬ ‫الهدف‬
• To relieve pain in order to facilitate
examination.
• To prevent self-induced trauma.
• To lessen pain-induced ileus.
• To allow for safe transportation to a
referral facility.

13. ‫بالحيوان‬ ‫الرحمة‬
‫البيطرى‬ ‫الطبيب‬ ‫ومهمة‬
•
‫َن‬‫ع‬
‫أبي‬
‫هريرة‬
:
•
‫أن‬
‫ول‬ُ‫س‬َ‫ر‬
‫اّلل‬
‫ﷺ‬
َ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬
:
‫ا‬َ‫م‬‫ن‬‫ي‬َ‫ب‬
‫ل‬ُ‫ج‬َ‫ر‬
‫ش‬‫م‬َ‫ي‬
‫ي‬
‫ريق‬َ‫ط‬‫ب‬
‫د‬َ‫ت‬‫اش‬
‫ه‬‫ي‬َ‫ل‬‫ع‬
، ُ‫طش‬َ‫ع‬‫ال‬
‫وجد‬َ‫ف‬
‫ئرا‬‫ب‬
َ‫ل‬َ‫نز‬َ‫ف‬
‫ا‬َ‫ه‬‫ي‬‫ف‬
َ‫َرب‬‫ش‬َ‫ف‬
،
‫م‬ُ‫ث‬
َ‫ج‬َ‫ر‬َ‫خ‬
‫ذا‬‫فإ‬
‫ب‬‫كل‬
ُ‫يلهث‬
ُ‫ل‬ُ‫ك‬‫أ‬َ‫ي‬
‫ى‬َ‫ر‬‫الث‬
َ‫ن‬‫م‬
،‫ش‬َ‫ط‬َ‫ع‬‫ال‬
َ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬َ‫ف‬
‫الر‬
ُ‫ل‬ُ‫ج‬
:
‫د‬َ‫ق‬َ‫ل‬
َ‫غ‬َ‫ل‬‫ب‬
‫ا‬َ‫ذ‬َ‫ه‬
ُ‫ب‬‫ل‬َ‫ك‬‫ال‬
َ‫ن‬‫م‬
‫العطش‬
َ‫ل‬‫ث‬‫م‬
‫ي‬‫ذ‬‫ال‬
َ‫ان‬َ‫ك‬
‫د‬َ‫ق‬
َ‫غ‬َ‫ل‬َ‫ب‬
،‫ي‬‫ن‬‫م‬
َ‫ف‬
َ‫ل‬َ‫ز‬َ‫ن‬
َ‫ر‬‫ئ‬‫ب‬‫ال‬
َ‫أل‬‫م‬َ‫ف‬
‫ف‬ُ‫خ‬
‫ه‬
‫اء‬َ‫م‬
‫م‬ُ‫ث‬
‫ه‬َ‫ك‬َ‫س‬‫م‬َ‫أ‬
،‫فيه‬‫ب‬
‫ى‬‫حت‬
َ‫ي‬‫رق‬
‫ى‬َ‫ق‬َ‫س‬َ‫ف‬
‫ل‬َ‫ك‬‫ال‬
،َ‫ب‬
َ‫ر‬َ‫ك‬َ‫ش‬َ‫ف‬
ُ‫اّلل‬
‫ه‬َ‫ل‬
َ‫غ‬َ‫ف‬
َ‫ر‬َ‫ف‬
‫ه‬َ‫ل‬
.
•
‫وا‬ُ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬
:
‫ا‬َ‫ي‬
َ‫ل‬‫رسو‬
‫اّلل‬
‫ن‬‫إ‬
‫ا‬َ‫ن‬َ‫ل‬
‫في‬
‫ائ‬َ‫ه‬َ‫ب‬‫ال‬
‫م‬
‫؟‬‫را‬‫ج‬َ‫أ‬
َ‫ل‬‫ا‬َ‫ق‬َ‫ف‬
:
"
‫في‬
‫ُل‬‫ك‬
َ‫ك‬
‫د‬‫ب‬
‫بة‬‫ط‬َ‫ر‬
‫ر‬‫ج‬َ‫أ‬
.
(
‫متفق‬
‫عليه‬
)
.

14. Types of pain relief
A-Spasmolytic drugs

15. A-Spasmolytic drugs
A-Smooth muscle relaxant:
• They prevent spasms of the stomach,
intestine or urinary bladder.
• B-Skeletal muscle relaxant:
They prevent spasms of the skeletal
muscles.

16. A-Spasmolytic drugs
• Provide analgesia by reducing spasms
of the intestine.
• Anticholinergic drugs:
• Hyoscine-N-butyl bromide(Buscopan)
is an that acts centrally and
peripherally.
• It is a widely used spasmolytic for
management of abdominal pain in
horses but has a shorter duration.

17. 1-BUSCOPAN
• BUSCOPAN works to
• relax the gastrointestinal smooth
muscles
• and control pain associated with
spasmodic colic

18. Analgen& Buscopan
• Combination of hyoscine N-
butylbromide and para-aminophenol
derivative (dipyrone) has been used in
the treatment of spasmodic colic .

19. 2-Atropine
• Atropine is not recommended for use in
horses with colic because:
• Its effect in relaxing the intestinal wall(
for several hours to several days).
• Intestinal tympany
• Ileus.
‫المغص‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫كل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫االتروبين‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫الينصح‬

20. B-Non steroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs

21. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs)
• The most commonly used for pain
management in horses with colic are:
• flunixin meglumine.
• Phenylbutazone.
• Meloxicam.
• Ketoprofen.

22. 1-Flunixin meglumine
• is most commonly used because:
• 1-Flunixin is a potent analgesic that can
mask severe pain.
• 2- Anti-endotoxic
• Reduces the cellular production of
prostaglandins and can help prevent
some of their effects.

23. Advantages
• 3- Duration of analgesia varies from 1-
24 hours depending on the cause and
severity of the pain.
• 4-Smaller dosages (0.25 mg/kg) can be
administered without masking clinical
signs associated with conditions that
require surgery.

24. 2-Meloxicam
• Advantages:
• Inhibits cycloogenase (COX-2)
• Lower risk of side effects compared to
phenylbutazone or flunixin meglumine.

25. Other sedatives & and muscle relaxant
(alfa 2 adrenoreceptor antagonist)
3-Zylazine (1.1 mg/kg)
• Duration(10-30 minutes)
• Disadvantages:
• Bradycardia
• Hypertension followed by hypotension
• Reduced intestinal blood flow.

26. Other sedatives & and muscle relaxant(alfa 2
adrenoreceptor antagonist)
4-Detomidine
5-Romifidine
6-Acepromazine
7-Morphine
8-Butorphanol
9- Lidocaine

27. ‫التقلص‬ ‫ومضادات‬ ‫المسكنات‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫فى‬ ‫التدرج‬
•
‫نبدأ‬
‫باعطاء‬
‫األنالجين‬
‫من‬
40
-
100
‫مل‬
‫وقد‬
‫تصل‬
‫الجرعة‬
‫الى‬
100
‫مل‬
.
•
‫نبدأ‬
‫باعطاء‬
‫األنالجين‬
‫مع‬
‫البوسكوبان‬
‫خاصة‬
‫فى‬
‫حاالت‬
‫المغص‬
‫التشنجى‬
.
•
‫فى‬
‫حالة‬
‫عدم‬
‫التحسن‬
‫واستمرار‬
‫المغص‬
‫يتم‬
‫حقن‬
‫مضاد‬
‫ات‬
‫االلتهاب‬
‫الغير‬
‫استرودية‬
‫مثل‬
‫الفلونجزين‬
‫ميجلومين‬
.

29. 2- Fluid Therapy

30. Sign of dehydration
 Skin remains lifted from the flesh for 4-6
seconds ( severe dehydration).
 Gums remain blanched for longer than
two seconds.
 Depression.
 Weak pulse.
 Elevated heart rate.

31. CBC& Blood chemistry
 An Increase in hematocrit PCV.
 Electrolyte derangements
(hyponatremia- hypochloremia, and
hypomagnesemia).
 Occurs secondarily to fluid
sequestration and loss via the
intestines.

32. 2-Indication of Fluid Therapy
• To prevent dehydration.
• Maintain blood supply to the kidneys
and other vital organs.
• Softening of fecal mass in the intestine

33. Types of Fluid Therapy
• Isotonic solution
• Hypertonic solution
• Hypotonic solution

34. Isotonic solution
• Physiological saline solution(0.9%NaCl)
• Ringer solution
• Lactate ringer
• Isotonic Na bicarbonate(1.3%).

35. Hypertonic solution
• Na chloride 7.2%

36. Rout of administration
• 1- Orally through the nasogastric tube
• 2-Intra venous route.( depending on the
particular intestinal problem).
• 3- Per rectum

37. 1- Oral route
(Through the nasogastric tube)
• Fluids are sometimes given through the
nasogastric tube as part of the
treatment of impactions of the colon.
• Many clinicians believe the same result
can be accomplished by giving large
volumes of fluids IV.

38. 1- Oral route
‫الفم‬ ‫طريق‬ ‫عن‬ ‫يعطى‬ ‫ملحى‬ ‫محلول‬ ‫تحضير‬ ‫طريقة‬
• ‫مثال‬
• 30 g of salt, either iodized or non-iodized,
• or lite salt [a 1:1 mix of NaCl and KCl] added
to each gallon of water provides an isotonic
solution).
•
‫اضافة‬
30
‫جرام‬
‫من‬
‫ملح‬
‫الطعام‬
(
‫يودى‬
‫او‬
‫عادى‬
)
‫الى‬
4
‫ليتر‬
‫ماء‬
‫يصبح‬
‫محلول‬
‫ملحى‬
‫متعادل‬
.
•
‫ممكن‬
‫استخدام‬
‫ملح‬
‫اليت‬
(
‫خليط‬
‫من‬
‫كلوريد‬
‫الصوديوم‬
‫كلوريد‬
‫البوتاسيوم‬
‫بنسبة‬
1
:
1

39. 1- Oral route
Contraindications
• for use of enteral fluids are presence of
gastric reflux when a stomach tube is
passed
• or
• severe resistance by the horse when
the tube is being passed.
•
‫ممنوع‬
‫اعطاء‬
‫المحلول‬
‫الملحى‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫الفم‬
‫فى‬
‫حالة‬
‫تمدد‬
‫المعدة‬
‫أو‬
‫التواء‬
‫فى‬
‫االمعاء‬

40. 2-Intra venous rout
• Indication:
• Sever dehydration.
• Horses with strangulating obstruction
or enteritis must be given fluids IV.
because absorption of fluids from the
diseased intestine is impaired and fluid
may be secreted into the lumen of the
intestine.

41. The volume and type of fluid
• Are determined by the severity and
cause of the problem.‫الجفاف‬ ‫نسبة‬ ‫على‬ ‫تعتمد‬
• Laboratory tests
• Degree of hemoconcentration.
• Electrolytes abnormality

42. When we start?
• Fluid therapy must be started before
laboratory results are available,
particularly when the horse is showing
clinical signs of circulatory shock.
• ‫من‬ ‫خوفا‬ ‫المحاليل‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫فى‬ ‫والبدأ‬ ‫المعمل‬ ‫نتيجة‬ ‫التنتظر‬
‫الحيوان‬ ‫ونفوق‬ ‫دموية‬ ‫صدمة‬ ‫حدوث‬

43. In mild colic
• the horse is usually given 8–10 L of a
sterile replacement fluid.
• This volume is administered
throughout 1–2 hr

44. In sever colic
(circulatory shock0
• Dose: ‫متعادل‬ ‫ملحى‬ ‫محلول‬
• 80-100 ML/Kg body weight
• Start :
• 20 L in 1 hr may be needed to re-
establish tissue perfusion.
• In severe cases, hypertonic saline (7%
NaCl) may be given to rapidly increase
plasma volume.

45. In sever colic
‫الصوديوم‬ ‫كلوريد‬ ‫محلول‬ ‫اعطاء‬ ‫يتم‬ ‫متى‬
7
%
• In severe cases, hypertonic saline (7%
NaCl) may be given to rapidly increase
plasma volume.

46. ‫المحاليل‬ ‫نعطى‬ ‫يوم‬ ‫كام‬ ‫لمدة‬
• Depending on the cause of colic, IV
fluids may be needed for several days
until intestinal function has returned,
electrolyte concentrations are
balanced, and the horse can maintain
its fluid needs by drinking.
• the daily IV fluid requirements may
range from 30 to 50 L.

47. 3-Intestinal Lubricants and
Laxatives:

48. 1- Lubricant purgatives
(Liquid paraffin)
• lubricants or fecal-softening agents
given through a nasogastric tube
soften the impacted ingesta, allowing it
to be passed.

49. How we can use
• In treating abdominal pain (colic), liquid
paraffin commonly given in
combination with water and sometimes
electrolytes, to a horse through a
nasogastric tube (intubation).

50. Dose of liquid paraffin
• It is administered through anasogastric
tube, as much as 4 L, once or twice daily,
until the impaction is resolved.
• Although mineral oil is safe, it is not
highly effective in treating severe
impactions or sand impactions, because
it may simply pass by the obstruction
without softening it.

51. 2-Osmotic Laxatives
(Magnesium sulphate)
• Strong laxatives that stimulate intestinal
contractions are not commonly used to
treat impactions and, in fact, may worsen
the problem.
• Magnesium sulfate, which draws body
fluids into the GI tract.
• Adverse effects include dehydration and
an increased risk of diarrhea.

52. 3-Dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate
(DSS)
• Is a soap-like compound that acts by
drawing water into the dry ingesta.
• It is more effective than mineral oil in
softening impactions.
•

53. Side Effects of Dioctyl sodium
sulfosuccinate (DSS)
• However, it may interfere with the normal
fluid absorptive functions of the colon
and can be toxic.
• Thus, DSS can be given safely only in
small quantities two times 48 hr apart.

54. 4-psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid
• A safe and useful compound to treat
impactions, especially those containing
sand.
• When mixed with water, it forms a
gelatinous mass that carries ingesta
along the GI tract.
• It is given through a nasogastric tube .

55. 1-Treatment of spasmodic colic

56. ‫مرضية‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫لعالج‬ ‫النجاح‬ ‫عوامل‬
Drug
Dose
Duration& rout of
administration

57. 1-Maine line of treatment of
spasmodic colic
1-Sedative &Spasmolytic drugs
2-Fluid therapy
Intestinal Lubricants and
Laxatives:

58. 1-Sedative &Spasmolytic drugs
• Dipyrone (Analgen)
• provide analgesia by reducing spasms of
the intestine.
• Buscopan(Hyoscine-N-butylbromide is
an anticholinergic that acts centrally and
peripherally.
• ‫ويفضل‬ ‫التشنجى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫حالة‬ ‫فى‬ ‫اال‬ ‫البسكوبان‬ ‫اليستخدم‬
‫االنالجين‬ ‫مع‬ ‫اعطاؤه‬

59. 2-Warm compresses
• Applied to the abdomen, act as a
counter irritant .
•
‫التشنجى‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫أعراض‬
:
•
‫الشديد‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫من‬ ‫متقطعة‬ ‫نوبات‬
•
‫طبيعى‬ ‫والتبرز‬ ‫التبول‬
•
‫واألنالجين‬ ‫بالبسكوبان‬ ‫للعالج‬ ‫يتستجيب‬

60. 3-Rectal enema
• 3-Rectal enema using warm water and
soft soap to stimulates and regulates
peristaltic movement of the intestine
and consequently relief pain.

61. 2-Treatment of obstructive colic
•
‫أعراض‬
‫مغص‬
‫لكمة‬
‫القولون‬
:
•
‫المغص‬
‫يبدأ‬
‫تدريجيا‬
‫ويزداد‬
‫مع‬
‫الوقت‬
•
‫ال‬
‫يوجد‬
‫تبرز‬
‫او‬
‫امساك‬
‫شديد‬
‫وأحيانا‬
‫اليوجد‬
‫تبول‬
•
‫ظهور‬
‫اعراض‬
‫الجفاف‬
•
‫ظهور‬
‫أعراض‬
‫التسمم‬
‫الدموى‬
‫فى‬
‫الحاالت‬
‫المتأخرة‬

62. Maine line of treatment
of obstructive colic
Fluid therapy
Pain relief
Intestinal Lubricants and
Laxatives:

63. Maine line of treatment of
obstructve colic
Rectal enema
Exercise
Stop eating

64. The volume and type of fluid
• Are determined by the severity and
cause of the problem.
• Laboratory tests to determine the
degree of hemoconcentration and
whether concentrations of electrolytes
are abnormal are critical for accurate
treatment of horses with severe colic.

65. In mild colic
• the horse is usually given 8–10 L of a
sterile replacement fluid.
• This volume is administered
throughout 1–2 hr

66. In sever colic
(circulatory shock)
• Calculation of the dose:
• 80 ml/Kg (40 Liter for horse 500Kg
• 10 liter every 6 hours
• 20 L in 1 hr may be needed to re-
establish tissue perfusion.
•

67. ‫مثال‬
•
‫حصان‬
‫وزنه‬
500
‫كيلو‬
‫يعانى‬
‫من‬
‫لكمة‬
‫شديدة‬
‫فى‬
‫األمعاء‬
‫وحالة‬
‫جفاف‬
‫شديدة‬
‫كم‬
‫كمية‬
‫المحاليل‬
‫التى‬
‫يحتاجها‬
‫فى‬
‫اليوم‬
‫األول‬
‫وطريقة‬
‫اعطاؤها‬
:
•
‫يحتاج‬
40
‫ليتر‬
‫محلول‬
‫ملحى‬
‫متعادل‬
‫اومحلول‬
‫رينجر‬
•
10
‫ليتر‬
‫فى‬
‫الوريد‬
(
7
‫ليتر‬
‫فى‬
‫الساعة‬
)
•
10
‫ليتر‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫الفم‬
‫بعد‬
6
‫ساعات‬
‫من‬
‫الجرعة‬
‫االولى‬
•
10
‫ليتر‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫الشرج‬
‫بعد‬
6
‫ساعات‬
•
10
‫ليتر‬
‫عن‬
‫طريق‬
‫الوريد‬
‫بعد‬
6
‫ساعات‬

68. 2-Pain relief
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
(NSAIDs)
• The most commonly used for pain
management in horses with colic are:
• flunixin meglumine.
• Phenylbutazone.
• Meloxicam.
• Ketoprofen.
• Analgesic
• Antipyretic
• Anti-
endotoxic

69. 3- Intestinal Lubricant and
Laxatives(Liquid paraffin)
• lubricants or fecal-softening agents
given through a nasogastric tube
soften the impacted ingesta, allowing it
to be passed.

70. Dose of liquid paraffine
• It is administered through anasogastric
tube, as much as 4 L, once or twice
daily, until the impaction is resolved.

71. (4) Rectal enema
• Rectal enema using warm water and
soft soap or lubricant.
• 4- Exercise
• 5-Stop eating and drinking for 24 hours.

72. 3-Treatment of gas colic
•
‫أعراض‬
‫المغص‬
‫الغازى‬
:
•
‫المغص‬
‫يبدأ‬
‫تدريجيا‬
‫ويزداد‬
‫مع‬
‫الوقت‬
.
•
‫ال‬
‫يوجد‬
‫تبرز‬
‫او‬
‫امساك‬
‫شديد‬
‫وأحيانا‬
‫اليوجد‬
‫تبول‬
.
•
‫ظهور‬
‫صعوبى‬
‫فى‬
‫التنفس‬
‫وانتفاخ‬
‫القولون‬
‫واعراض‬
‫الجفاف‬
.
•
‫ظهور‬
‫أعراض‬
‫التسمم‬
‫الدموى‬
‫فى‬
‫الحاالت‬
‫المتأخرة‬
.

73. Maine line of treatment
of gas colic
Fluid therapy
Pain relief
Intestinal Lubricants and
Laxatives:

74. Maine line of treatment
of gas colic
Rectal enema
Oral carminative
Anti-fermentative

75. 1-Fluid therapy
• In less sever cases:
• the horse is usually given 8–10 L of a
sterile replacement fluid.
• This volume is administered
throughout 1–2 hr.
• In Sever cases:
• 80 ml/Kg (40 Liter for horse 500Kg

76. 2-Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory
drugs (NSAIDs)
• The most commonly used for pain
management in horses with colic are:
• flunixin meglumine.
• Phenylbutazone.
• Meloxicam.
• Ketoprofen.

77. 3- Intestinal Lubricant and
Laxatives
• lubricants or fecal-softening agents
given through a nasogastric tube
soften the impacted ingesta, allowing it
to be passed.
• Ex:
• Liquid paraffin 3-4 liter once daily
according to symptoms

78. (4) Rectal enema
• (3) Rectal enema using warm water and
soft soap or lubricant.
• 4- Exercise
• 5-Stop eating and drinking for 24 hours.

79. (5) Oral carminative
• drugs such as a mixture of ammonium
carbonate (50 gm) & charcoal (50 gm)
dissolved in sufficient quantity of water

80. (6) Anti-fermentative
• Such as formalin solution, 10-20 ml
dissolved in 2 liters of water given per
os.

81. (7) Trocar & Cannula
• In severe cases, get rid of intestinal
tympany by trocarised through the
right (cecum) and left flanks (colon) or
cecal puncturing needle to expel gases
(2/3 of total amounts).

82. 5- Treatment of lactic acidosis

83. Treatment of lactic acidosis
• Intravenous administration of sodium
bicarbonate has been the mainstay in the
treatment of lactic acidosis.
• Insulin therapy has been found to be
quite useful in the treatment of
phenformin-associated lactic acidosis

84. 5- Treatment of endotoxemia

85. Symptoms of Endotoxemia in
Horses
• Fever
• Dehydration
• Dark mucous membranes .
• Sweating
• Increased heart and respiratory rate
• Laminitis
• Pain

86. Treatment of endotoxemia
• 1-Intensive antibiotics.
• 2- IV fluid therapy to help maintain
hydration and support the
cardiovascular system.
• 3-Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID) such as flunixin meglumine .
• 4-Plasma transfusions .

87. Supportive treatment
• Dextrose 25%
• Liver tonic (Obti liver)
• Oral digestant.

88. 2- Surgical treatment

89. Indication of surgical treatment
• 1- Gastric dilatation
• 2-Small intestine twist
• 3-Colon Displacement .
• 4-Enterolith
• 5-Sand colic
• 6-Sever impaction of the colon

90. Drugs contraindicated in colic

91. Drugs contraindicated in colic
Buscopan
Atropine

92. Drugs contraindicated in colic
Neostigmine
Diuretics

93. 1-Buscopan
• Buscopan is not recommended for use
in horses with gas and obstructive
colic because:
•
Its effect in relaxing the intestinal wall
‫ا‬ ‫المغص‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫فى‬ ‫البوسكبوبان‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫الينصح‬
‫لغازى‬
‫واالنسدادى‬
.

94. 2-Atropine
• Atropine is not recommended for use in
horses with colic because:
• Its effect in relaxing the intestinal wall(
for several hours to several days).
• Intestinal tympany
• Ileus.
‫المغص‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫كل‬ ‫فى‬ ‫االتروبين‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫الينصح‬

95. 3-Neostigmine
• It has a direct stimulant to intestinal
motility.
• Duration of effect is 15-30 m
• Delay gastric emptying
• Cause abdominal pain
• Can cause rupture in sever impaction.
• ‫المغص‬ ‫حاالت‬ ‫جميع‬ ‫فى‬ ‫النيوستجمين‬ ‫باستخدام‬ ‫الينصح‬

96. 4- Diuretics
• In case of intestinal impaction and
tympany the horse is suffering from
dehydration .
• This lead to decrease in urine flow to
keep the need of body fluid.
• In case of injection of Lasix or
furosemide will increase dehydration
and body electrolyte loss

97. Prevention of colic

98. Prevention of Colic
• Feed your horse on a regular schedule
even on the weekends.
• Do not make sudden changes to the
horse's diet.
• A clean fresh water supply should always
be available.
• Keep feed boxes and hay racks as well as
the feedstuffs clean and free of mold and
dust.

99. Prevention of Colic
• Any feed changes that you make should
not be sudden
• Increase the amount of fiber in his diet
• Provide several smaller meals daily
rather than two large meals

100. Prevention of Colic
• Check teeth frequently for dental
problems that may cause chewing
issues. ‫والضروس‬ ‫لألسنان‬ ‫دورى‬ ‫فحص‬
• Provide adequate exercise. ‫يومية‬ ‫تمارين‬
• Feed the appropriate amount of forage (at
least 50% of the total diet).
• ‫اليوم‬ ‫طوال‬ ‫األلياف‬ ‫تقديم‬

101. Prevention of Colic
• Keep feed off the ground to avoid sand
ingestion. ‫االرض‬ ‫على‬ ‫العليقة‬ ‫وضع‬ ‫عدم‬
• Practice an effective parasite control
program that fits your farms needs.
• ‫الداخلية‬ ‫الطفيليات‬ ‫لمكافحة‬ ‫دورى‬ ‫برنامج‬

102. Prophylactic
for sandy colic
• Horses that live in a sandy environment
or that persistently develop impactions
may be given psyllium powder, 400 g/500
kg/day, in their feed for 7 days.
• This treatment is repeated 2–3 times
each year in an effort to prevent
development of sand impactions.

105. Any question?