This laboratory report examines the properties of self-compacting concrete through various tests. Four tests were conducted: flow table, V-funnel, U-box, and L-box. The results found that the concrete mixture did not meet specifications. The flow table test result of 8.81 seconds exceeded the required 5-6 seconds. The V-funnel time of 22.37 seconds was longer than the required 10-15 seconds. The U-box and L-box tests also showed insufficient flow ability compared to specifications. In conclusion, the self-compacting concrete mixture did not have adequate workability and flow ability.

1. Department of Civil Engineering
Laboratory report Cover
(Self-Compacting Concrete Mix report)
(CVP771)
Construction Technology laboratory
Submitted by: HAFIZULLAH SADAT Date Submitted: Jan.16, 2018
Instructor: PRO.SHASHANK BISHNOI

2. Executive Summary
This report examines the properties of wet self- compacting concrete to determine if the
properties meet the specification or not, more focus in this test was to determine the
workability and flow ability of self-compacting concrete through different tests.
Mix proportions were given, the material were mixed together. After mixed was
completed, the test of the mixture was carried out.
All four test were done from one mix, the tests were done in a controlled environment
under the supervision of a lab instructor and lab assistants.
For gaining this purpose four tests were conducted, as named bellow; Flow table test, V
funnel test, U box test and L box test.
The flow table test calculated the amount of flow ability and consistency for the self-
compacting concrete mixture, from this test a value of 8.81 sec was recorded. According
to specification the value for flow table test should be 5-6 sec, the recording value for V
funnel test was 22.37 sec, Similarly for U box test and L box test the recorded values
were (60cm, 46cm, 19cm) and 30.13 sec respectively.

3. Introduction
Self-compacting concrete is a highly flow able, yet stable concrete that can spread readily
formwork without any consolidation and without undergoing any into place and fill the
significant separation. In general, SCC results in reduced construction times and reduced
noise pollution.
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) has been described as "the most revolutionary
development in concrete construction for several decades". Originally developed to offset
a growing shortage of skilled labor.
It is important to appreciate that none of the test methods for SCC has yet been
standardized, and the tests described are not yet perfected or definitive. The methods
presented here are descriptions rather than fully detailed procedures.
The followings are some of the tests which were done on fresh self-compacting concrete.
The main objectives of this test were to find out workability and consistency of self-
compacting concrete.
Mix proportions for this test are as follow;
It.No Material Qty , Kg
1 Water 17.50
2 Cement 31.50
3 Fly ash 10.50
4 Lime stone 04.50
5 Sand 90.62
6 Agg(10mm) 80.98
7 Admixture 0.697
The above materials were mixed together properly and prepared about 200 litter of self-
compacting concrete, and examined in freshly state for its workability and flow ability, the
following tests were conducted.
Fiber reinforcement concrete was also prepared (0.2% steel fiber was added).

4. Flow table Test and T50cm Test
Test objectives
The flow table (Slump-flow) test is used to assess flow ability and flow rate of self-
compacting concrete. Is not representative of what happens in concrete construction, but
the test can be profitably be used to assess the consistency of supply of ready-mixed
concrete to a site from load to load.
(The slump flow test is used assess the horizontal free flow of self-compacting concrete
in the absence of obstructions).
Apparatus
The following apparatus are used in this test
 Cone in the shape of a truncated cone with the internal dimensions 200 mm
diameter at the base, 100mm diameter at the top and a height of 300mm.
 Base plate of a stiff non-absorbing material, at least 1000mm square, marked with
a circle marking the central location for the slump cone, and a further concentric
circle of 500mm diameter
 Trowel
 Scoop
 Ruler
 Stopwatch

5. Procedure
About 6 liter of concrete is needed to do the test, pure normally. Give Moister to the base
plate and inside of slump cone, place base plate on level stable on the ground and the
slump cone centrally on the base plate and hold down strongly.
Fill the cone with the scoop. Do not tamp or do not give any shaking to the cone during
filling, simply strike off the concrete level with the top of the cone with the trowel and level
the surface of the concrete on the cone.
Remove any extra concrete from around the base of the cone and clean the complete
surface of table around the cone. Raise the cone vertically and allow the concrete to flow
out freely. During filling the cone pick up a stopwatch, simultaneously, start the stopwatch
and record the time taken for the concrete to reach the 50mm spread circle. A lower time
indicates greater flow ability. The Indian Standard code suggested that a time of (5sec -
6sec) seconds is acceptable for civil engineering applications.

6. Result
The higher the slump flow value, the greater its ability to fill formwork under its own weight
and used to assess the consistency of supply of ready-mixed concrete. A value of at least
(650mm) is required for SCC. There is no generally accepted advice on what are
reasonable tolerances about a specified value, though ± 50mm, as with the related flow
table test, might be appropriate.
The T50 time is a secondary suggestion of flow. A lower time indicates greater flow ability.
The Indian Standard suggested that a time of 5-6 seconds is acceptable.
Conclusion
As we mentioned in previous section (result), there is some criteria for both slump flow
value and T50 time. From this test a value of (60, 62, and 63) was recorded for slump
flow and a value of 8.81 sec was recorded for T50 time, since the values which were fund
out is more than code’s value, it indicates that this mix is not that much flow able and
workable as suggested by code spec.
V funnel test
Test objectives
Even though the described V-funnel test is used to determine the filling ability (flow ability)
of the concrete with a maximum aggregate size of 20mm. but we can do it for self-
compacting concrete with small size aggregate for determining its flow ability.
(Generally V funnel test is used to assess the viscosity and filling ability of self-compacting
concrete).

7. Apparatus
The apparatus consists of a stainless steel V shaped frame fit with a watertight sliding
gate and supported by a frame to assure the top funnel horizontal, Weight approx.:6 kg
 V-funnel
 Bucket (±12 liter)
 Trowel
 Scoop
 Stopwatch
Procedure
About 12 liter of concrete is needed to carry out the test, sampled normally. Set the V-
funnel on firm ground. Close the trap door and place a bucket underneath.
Fill the apparatus completely with the concrete without compacting or tamping (don’t give
any tamping) simply strike off the concrete level and remove the extra concrete from the
surface of the concrete with the top with the trowel.
Open within 8-10 sec after filling the trap door and allow the concrete to flow out free
under gravity. Start the stopwatch immediately when the trap door is opened, and record

8. the time for the complete discharge (the flow time of concrete from apparatus). This is
taken to be when light is seen from above through the funnel. The whole test has to be
performed within 5 minutes.
Result
The V funnel test measures the ease of flow of concrete that to how the concrete is flown,
shorter flow time point out greater flow ability and longer time indicates lower flow ability.
For SCC a flow time of 10-15 seconds is considered appropriate.
Conclusion
From our test the recording value for V funnel test was 22.37 sec, as we mentioned before
that according to code’s criteria the flow time of 10-15 sec is appreciated. So the came in
result from this test is not desirable, which means the concrete does not have sufficient
viscosity and filling ability.
U Box Test
Test objectives
The test was developed by the Technology Research Centre of the Taisei Corporation in
Japan. Sometimes the apparatus is called a “box-shaped” test. The test is used to
measure the filling ability of self-compacting concrete.
(U-box test the confined flow ability and the capacity of the self-compacting concrete to
flow within confined spaces).
Apparatus
 U box of a stiff non absorbing material
 Scoop
 Trowel

9.  Stopwatch
Procedure
About 20 liter of concrete is required to carry out the test. Set the U box apparatus level
on hardened ground, ensure that the sliding gate which is located inside the apparatus
can open freely and easy and then close it.
Moisten the inside surface of the U box apparatus, remove any extra water, fill the vertical
section (only one side of the apparatus) with the concrete sample (don’t tamp it).
Leave it stand for 1 minute. Remove the sliding gate and allow the concrete to flow out
into the other compartment (other section of the apparatus).
After the concrete has come to rest and stand, measure the height of the concrete in the
section that has been filled, in two places and calculate the mean (H1).
Measure also the height of up going concrete in the other section of the apparatus (H2).
Calculate H1-H2, the filling height.
Result
If the concrete flows very easily as water, at rest it will be horizontal and surface will be
level, so difference between two heights become zero (H1-H2=0). Therefore the nearest
this test value, the ‘filling height’, is to zero, the better the flow and passing ability of the
concrete the higher the difference between two heights the lower the passing ability of
the concrete.

10. Conclusion
For U box test and the recorded values were (60cm, 46cm, 19cm) which means H1=46
cm, H2= 19cm , whereas difference between them is not zero, obviously this concrete
does not have confined flow ability and the capacity to flow within confined spaces.
L Box Test
Test objectives
The test assesses the flow of the concrete and also the extent to which it is subjected to
blocking by reinforcement.
It asses filling and passing ability of SCC, and serious lack of stability (segregation) can
be detected visually. Segregation may also be detected by sawing and inspecting
sections of the concrete in the horizontal section.
Apparatus
 L box of a stiff non absorbing material
 Trowel
 Scoop
 Stopwatch

11. Procedure
About 14 liter of concrete needed to do the test. Set the apparatus level on hardened
ground.
Fill the vertical section of the apparatus with the concrete sample.
Leave it stand for 1or 1.5 minute. Lift the sliding gate and allow the concrete to flow out
into the horizontal section. Simultaneously, start the stopwatch and record the time for
the concrete to reach the concrete 200 and 400 marks.
When the concrete stops flowing, the distances ‘H1’ and ‘H2’ are measured. Calculate
H2/H1, the blocking ratio.
Result
If concrete flows as freely as water, at rest it will be horizontal, so H2/H1=1(as H1 and H2
are shown in the above figure). Therefore the nearest this test value, the ‘blocking ratio’,
is unity, the better the flow of concrete.

12. Conclusion
Recorded values from this test were H1=8.3 cm and H2=5.5 cm, blocking ratio is
H2/H1=5.5/8.3=0.66 since this result do not match specification thus, this concrete is
not sufficient flow able.