2. Objects in English
Objects receive the actions of verbs
In English we have
- direct objects (see Podcast 8) and
- indirect objects
Direct objects receive the verb’s action directly
Indirect objects receive the verb’s action indirectly
NOTE: indirect objects can only be
nouns or pronouns
3. What is an indirect object?
Example 1) Maria wrote a letter to Michel.
Michel receives the action of the verb (to write) indirectly,
via the preposition “to”.
Indirect objects are often (but not always)
introduced by a preposition.
4. More examples
To put it another way, the indirect object is not directly
affected by the verb.
Example 2) Mimì hit Rodolfo.
Direct object – Rodolfo
Example 3) Roberta spoke to Giovanni.
Indirect object – Giovanni
5. Direct + indirect object
Sentences can contain both a direct and an indirect object.
The word order varies between languages.
Example 4) I gave the book to Laure.
Direct – the book; indirect – Laure
Example 5) I sang a song for Iria.
Direct – a song; indirect – Iria.
Example 6) Pauline taught us the future tense.
Direct – the future tense; indirect – us
6. How can I identify an indirect object?
1. Identify the verb
2. Ask “to whom / for whom?” or “to what / for what?”
after the verb
3. If there is an answer, that answer is the indirect object
Example 7) I read to my little sister.
1: Identify the verb: The verb is “read”.
2: Ask “to whom?”: “Read to whom?”
3: There is an answer: “to my little sister”
My little sister = indirect object of the verb
7. Can you tell the difference?
Now you try:
Example 8) I bought my friend a new dictionary.
Step 1: Identify the verb. The verb is ……
Step 2: Ask “for whom?”: “I bought (the dictionary) for
whom?”
Step 3: Is there is an answer? ……
My friend = indirect object of the verb
NOTE: This sentence also has a
direct object: dictionary
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