Introductory lecture for the MSc in Sustainable Leadership. The lecture takes a critical and interactive persepctive on leadership and the leadership 'industry' with an emphasis on the paradox of leadership
2. Theoretical and Practice Approaches to Leadership
The Paradox of Leadership
Gregory Borne
Recap on Last Week
Module Overview
Introduction to module aims
Introduction to the timetable
Introduction to Leadership talks in semester two
Todays Lecture 1300-1500
1. The leadership paradox three distinct case studies (15 mins)
2. Leader reflection in pairs (20 mins)
3. Group discussion on leadership (30 mins)
4. Reading exploration
5. Overview
3. By the end of the session you will -
• Have an overview of leadership theory and
associated practice
• Developed a critical approach to leadership
• Explored personal and group dimensions of
leadership
4. Definitions of Leadership?
Leadership is a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal
(Northouse 2015:6) - SIMPLE
No central concept of leadership has yet emerged, in part because scholars have worked in separate
disciplines and sub disciplines in pursuit of different and often unrelated questions and problems (Burns:
1978)’ INTERDISCIPLINARITY
There are almost as many definitions of leadership as there are persons who have attempted to define the
concept (Stoghill 1974:258). AMBIGUOUS
`Essentially contested concept; revealing a number of different ways of thinking about the phenomena
that makes consensus highly unlikely." Grint (2005) CONTESTED
Despite the publication of more than 20000 books on leadership over the years, we are still not
entirely clear what leadership is, or how it works or even who leaders are’ (Witzel et al 2016:1) NO
CONSENSUS
I’m uneasy, increasingly so about leadership in the 21st century and the gap between the teaching of
leadership and the practice of leadership. Moreover, im downright queasy about what I call the leadership
industry’ ( Kellerman 2012: 1) CRITICAL
Our Proposition is that the time has come to revitalise leadership, to radically rethink what should constitute
its purpose , focus and the role it plays in our organisations (Wilson et al 2017) REVITALISE
5. Sustainable Development/
Epistemological approach
Development that
meets the needs of
current generations
without compromising
the ability of future
generations to meet
their own needs
(Brundtland 1987- Our
Common Future)
Sustainable Development provides a
way of accommodating
complexity
• Ethical approach
• About holistic approach
• About making connections
• About considering environmental,
social and economic dimensions
• About the Global and the Local
6. Leadership as paradox
Leadership Paradox: Rethinking Leadership for an
Uncertain World
Bolden's 3 paradoxes (2016)
1. In attempting to identify and measure the
essence of leadership we may inadvertently loose
sight of the thing we are seeking to capture
2.To Better understand leadership we should spend
less time understanding leaders
3.The most effective leadership is where leadership
is not required
7. Research Case Studies
1.Leadership at the International Scale
United Nations
Paradox 1: In attempting to identify and measure the essence
of leadership we may inadvertently loose sight of the thing we
are seeking to capture
2.Leadership at the Local Scale
Town and parish councils
Paradox 2.To Better understand leadership we should spend
less time understanding leaders
3.Cross sectoral Leadership
Sustainable Surfing
Paradox 3.The most effective leadership is where leadership is
not required
8. 1. United NationsParadox 1: In attempting to identify and measure the essence of leadership we may inadvertently lose sight of
the thing we are seeking to capture
Case Study
Four month ethnographic work based at UN headquarters in New York. Worked as advisor to the United Nations
Environment Programme.
Resolution negotiation – NEPAD/ Oceans and Law of the Sea
Interaction with leaders on a cross sectoral cultural basis.
My Preconceptions
Heroic
Trait
Power
Came away from that period realising that in practice I knew very little about what leadership actually is and a
need to formulate new ways of understanding the context
Muilt-cultural
Complexity - ‘a need to open up the tool box of leadership’
Relationship between reflexive modernity, risk and sustainable development
A Framework for Sustainable Global Development and the Effective Governance of Risk (2010)
10. 2. Town and Parish Councils
Paradox 2. To Better understand leadership we should spend less time understanding leaders
Not conventionally seen as sites of leadership
• Largest research project of its kind in the UK with an investment of over £200000
• Multiple partners, local government and NGO’s
• All Town and parish councils in Devon and Cornwall
• 6000 survey (70 per cent response rate)
• 200 interview across Devon and Cornwall
Networks and flows
Characterised TPS councils as a nexus point of flows.
Leadership Perspectives
Post – heroic Leadership
Servant
Distributed leadership
Book: The Role of Parish Councils in Leading for Sustainable Communities, Routledge, 2018
11. 3. Sustainable Surfing
Paradox 3. The most effective leadership is where leadership is not required
Hybrid conceptualisations of leadership
Relationship between heroic and post heroic
Three step process
• Identify the perceived agents for change (leaders)
• Explore their context
• Explore the full system impact to understand the realty of transitions to
sustainability -Apply a sociotechnical transitions framework
Information technology – non directive leadership
Distributed Leadership
Leading from the middle
Climate change – a wicked problem
13. Academic Perspective
Research Process
The Sample
Elicit perspectives of leaders and opinion formers within the surfing
world on a multi-sectoral basis
Contextual
Distributed
Multisectoral
Industry
Government
Media
NGO
Celebrity
Science
Leadership
14. Research Overview
Evolution of understanding
the definition of leadership
An evolving research field
with a focus on leadership
A focus on uncertainty,
complexity and paradox
REVITALISATION (Wilson et
al 2017)
Sustainable
Development
Socio- Technical
Transitions
Leadership
Complex adaptive
systems
Risk society
Globalisation
United
Nations
Surfing and
Sustainability
Town and
parish
councils
15. Next 20 minutes
Please get into pairs and spend 20 minutes
discussing what you understand as leadership
Editor's Notes
But its actually very fitting that the conference is based on the book because, and whilst there was a glimmer in my eye of it – it was actually book actually conceived the day after the life the day after the 2012 equivalent of this conference.
Its strange really, because I have to confess that I haven't actually looked at the book since I submitted the final manuscript at the end of April – The last few months of putting the book together were fraught with problems and I pushed very hard to make sure that it was published on time – sort of – in actuality we moved the publication date 3 time so actually the book is 18 months late – it wasn’t all my fault. But the main reason I haven't been able to pick it up is firstly I'm too worried that ill spot a mistake, secondly I know that revisiting it after any length of time ill want to do things differently and thirdly the world moves on and things change – a lot has happened in surfing since April and sure enough as ive reread the book the contributions and Jess and myself our assessment of that contributor have said there are things that I would have done very differently-
But that is the nature of the world and that is the nature of knowledge – nothing is static what we know today we unknown tomorrow and relearn in a years time. I see that as a strength – though from a personal point of view – I find it very difficult to make a decision – about anything as I change my mind constantly. But at the same time I am even more excited about what we have achieved – I have been working with issues that relate to sustainability for a long time and I don’t know of another situation where so many people from different backgrounds have come together
Meeting everyone that is in the book, been involved with it , advised on it has been a real priveledge – some of whom are in the room today and some of whom you are going to hear form during the course of the conference
Obviously everyone has a copy of the book Center for Surf research is giving them away for free. Actually these books are printed and distributed in a facility only 10 minutes from my house in Plymouth so they have travelled the same distance that I have to be here with you today – But hopefully you wont be sending them back
Introduce myself – what surfing means to me
I'm the new boy on the block here and im from a country that where I still get asked the question – so there's surf in the UK – well yes there is quite a lot – were a small island bounded by the Atlantic, the English channel and the North sea
What I want to do is outline the research that ive been involved with over the past three years – the first real substantive output of this is going to be next year in a monograph with routledge next year – what I want to do is just map out what it is im doing and the relationship between the theoretical perspective that im currently working on and the relationship with the multiple multiple empirical cae studies that im working with