=> Introduction & Literature survey => Various designs & design selection => Design limiting properties => Material selection => Process selection => Conclusions

1. MADE BY:- GOHAR REHMAN SANI
MOHAMMAD WASIM
Truck Spring Leaves:-

2. OVERVIEW:-
Introduction &
Literature
survey
Various
designs &
design
selection
Design
limiting
properties
Material
selection
Process
selection
Conclusions

3. INTRODUCTION:-
• A leaf spring is a simple form of spring, commonly
used for the suspension in wheeled vehicles.
• Sometimes it is also called as a semi-elliptical
spring, as it takes the form of a slender arc
shaped length of spring steel of rectangular cross
section.

4. INTRODUCTION:-
The center of the arc provides the
location for the axle ,while the tie holes
are provided at either end for attaching
to the vehicle body.

5. INTRODUCTION:-
• Heavy vehicles, leaves are stacked one
upon the other to ensure rigidity and
strength.
• It provides dampness and springing
function.
Thus depending upon the load bearing
capacity of the vehicle the leaf springs are
designed.

6. DESIGN LIMITING PROPERTIES:-
Design
limiting
properties
Density of
Material
Stiffness
Corrosion
Resistance
Fatigue
Thermal
Stability of
Material

7. MATERIAL SELECTION:-
 Basic Families
 Metals
 Polymers
 Elastomer
 Ceramics
 Glasses
 hybrids

9. MATERIAL SELECTION:-

10. MATERIAL SELECTION:-

11. MATERIAL SELECTION:-

12. MATERIAL SELECTION:-
 SAE/AISI 1050 Spring Steel:-
 This is the most economical grade of the
heat treatable annealed spring steels. This is
a top
 Generally used where hardening and
tempering after forming is desired. Good
grain structure makes this type of annealed
spring.

13. MATERIAL SELECTION:-
Blue Tempered & Polished 1095 Spring
Steel:-
 A hardened, tempered, & polished steel
designed to meet the most exacting
requirements. Top

14. MATERIAL SELECTION:-
 Nickel Alloys:-
Chromium nickel alloys can be used for corrosion
resistance but they are expensive.
 Titanium:-
This material is very expensive ,but light in
weight It is dangerous to work as titanium
wire will shatter explosively under
stress. Generally will not change dimensions
under stress.

15. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING:-
 Shearing of flat bar.
 Center punching.
 End process forming.
 Heat treatment.
 Assemble.

16. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING:-
 Shearing of flat bar.
• Metal fabricating process used to cut
straight lines on flat metal stock.
• In this process the lower blade is stationary
and the upper blade cuts the metal piece and
in this way a flat metal bar is sheared.

17. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING:-
 Center Punching.
 A process that removes a scrap slug from the
metal work piece each time a punch enters
the punching die. This process leaves a hole
in the metal work piece.
 The truck spring leave should be center
punched in order to make it ready for further
process the slug is removed

18. END FORMING PROCESS: -
It consist of three process.
• Eye Forming:
the metal sheet which is of irregular form is
processed to form shapes by using a die cut. In
this process the metal sheet is given a
rectangular shape.
• End Trimming:
the rectangular metal is then trimmed to
remove unwanted metal pieces. Lumber pieces
are used for end trimming and the metal piece is
passed through several gates.

19. PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING:-
• End Forging:
 Reinforcing steel bar in the metal piece.
Reinforcing steel bar which posses high
strength of distortion reinforcing steel bar cool
extrusion and that posses light, artful, quick,
handy and also had beyond economy and
society benefit connection technology. We
produce the reinforcing steel bar upset forging
by this the spring leave is forged to steel bar for
its better use.

20. POST MANUFACTURING PROCESSES:-
 Heat treatment
 This process is used to increase the fatigue
strength of materials.
 Firstly the tempering process is used, in this
process when initially forming the piece, cool
the outer surface quickly to put the surface
into a state of compression, which will also
impede crack propagation.

21. POST MANUFACTURING PROCESSES:-
 Heat treatment (contd…)
 Now "Quench" the steel. When forming the
piece, the faster you cool it down, the more
steel gets locked into a Martensite phase,
which has better fatigue properties.
However, if you quench it too quickly, you
develop thermal stresses and cracks, which
will obviously weaken the spring leave.

22. Thankyou!