The document discusses the history and various methods of language teaching. It describes the Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Audiolingual Method, and Community Language Learning approach. It also covers principles of Communicative Language Teaching such as learner-centered teaching, cooperative learning, and task-based learning. Research suggests that language is best learned in an environment that allows risk-taking, supports expression, uses grammar in context, incorporates technology, and provides corrective feedback.

1. Approaches, Methods and
Activities in Language Teaching
Prepared By:
Alcalde, Analyn B.
Matucan, Baijonie
Andres, April Nenia
BSE III English

2. History of the Methods of Language
Teaching
Classical Method (GTM)
Direct Method (Gouin and Berlits)
Audiolingual Method (Army Method)

3. Language Teaching Method
1. Grammar Translation Method
Classes are taught in mother tongue with little active use
of the target language.
Much vocabulary is taught in the form of list of isolated
words.
Long-elaborate explanations of the intricacies of
grammar are given.

4. Grammar provides the rules for putting words
together and instruction often focuses on the
form and inflection of words.
Reading of difficult classical texts is begun early.
Little attention is paid to the content of the
texts which are treated as exercises in
grammatical analysis.
Little or no attention is given to pronunciation.

5. 2. Direct Method
Classroom instruction was conducted exclusively
in the target language.
Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were
aught.
Grammar was taught inductively
Both speech and listening were taught
Correct pronunciation and grammar is
emphasized.

6. 3. Audiolingual Method (ALM)
New material is presented in dialog form.
There is independence on mimicry, memorization
of set of phrases and overlearning.
Structural patterns are taught using repetitive
drills.
Vocabulary is strictly limited and learned in
context.
There is much use of tapes, language labs and
visual aids.

7. Great importance is attached to pronunciation.
Very little use of the mother tongue but teachers is
permitted.
Successful responses are immediately reinforced.
There is great effort to get students to produce error-
free utterances.

8. 4. Designers Method
a. Community Language Learning (CLL)
Affectively-based method
Carl Rogers’ view of education in which
learners are regarded as “group” rather
than a “class” who are in need of therapy
and counseling.

9. b. Suggestopedia
-This grew from Bulgarian psychologist Georgi
Lozanov’s view that human brain could process great
quantities of material if simply given the right
conditions for learning. It is more of memorization
and far from comprehensive process of language
acquisition.

10. c. Silent way
-method capitalized on language discovery.
Learning is facilitated:
a. Learner discover or creates rather than remember
and repeat what is to be learned
b. by accompanying physical objects
c. by problem solving involving the material to be
learned

11. d. Total Physical Response
- Anchored on the trace theory of learning
which claims that the memory is increase if it is
stimulated or trace through association with physical
activity. Its theatrical and dramatic appeal to
language learning is commendable.

12. 5. Natural Method
-this method believed that learners would be
benefited if production is delayed until speech
emerges.
Involves 3 stages:
a. Preproduction stage- the development of
listening comprehension skills

13. b. Early production stage- usually marked with errors as
students struggle with the language. Here, teacher
focused more on the meaning.
c. Extending production into longer stretches of
discourse involving more complex games, role-plays,
open-ended dialogs, discussion and extended small
group.

14. 6. Communicative Language Teaching
a. Emphasis on learning to communicate
through interaction in target language;
b. Introduction of authentic texts into the
learning situation.
c. Provision of opportunities for learners to
focus, not only on language, but also on the
learning process itself.

15. Principle Related to Communicative
Language Teaching

16. 1. Learner- Centered teaching
2. Cooperative learning
3. Interactive learning
4. Whole language education
- emphasis on: a. the wholeness of language;
b. interaction and interconnection of macro skills;
c. importance of written code.

17. 5. Content- centered Education
-content learning is integrated in language
teaching. Also, a study of language and subject
matter.
6. Task-based learning
-learning that is focused on task.

18. 7. Research says that an environment that
promotes language practice:
a. Allows students to take risk to with language.
b. Supports students’ attempts to express ideas,
c. Uses grammatical structures in their natural
context,
d. Uses “user-friendly” interactive technology and
e. Correct students’ utterances by echoing them
correctly.

19. Thank You for Watching
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20. Prepared By:
Alcalde, Analyn B.
Matucan, Baijonie
Andres, April Nenia
BSE III English