RAWE 2020 by Gayatri

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RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE 2020
The Report Entitled “Rural Agricultural Work Experience” was
conducted at:
Village: Netua, Block: Derabish
Kendrapara
Submitted To:
Mr. Basant Kumar
(Assistant Professor, Agronomy)
Miss Reetanjali Meher
(Assistant Professor, Horticulture)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is with a sense of great pleasure, I Kumari Gayatri Pati presenting this report
of village attachment programme of RAWE 2020.
I feel honored to offer my sincere gratitude to all those people who helped me
in completing my RAWE programme even during this pandemic.
I am extremely thankful to Dr. V.T. Raju Dean, MIPS for his cooperation and
encouragement.
Expressing my deep gratitude to all my teachers Mr. Basant Kumar Sir, Miss
Reetanjali Meher mam, Mr. Rudra Pratap Subudhi Sir, Mrs. Sudipta Sahoo Mam,
Mr. Rakesh Kumar Patnaik Sir, Miss Smaranika Mohanty Mam and all other
faculties of our college for their proper guidance during orientation programme
and for providing us theoretical knowledge prior to village attachment
programme and also for their support during RAWE activities in the village
“NETUA”.
I would also like to thank the supporting professors as our supervisor on the
RAWE programme. They immensely helped me to remove all the obstacles
throughout the RAWE programme.
Last, but not the least, I would also like to thank my beloved friends and seniors
who helped me in my tasks even during odd hours and made me keep up
enthusiasm regarding my tasks.
DATE:
PLACE: Kumari Gayatri Pati
Roll No: -3018

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CONTENTS
SL.NO. PARTICULARS PAGE NO.
1 Introduction 5
2 Extension 5-34
2.1 • About RAWE 6
2.2 • About PRA 7
2.3 • Orientation programme 10
2.4 • District Kendrapara at Glance 11
2.5 • Rapport building 12
2.6 • Village Survey (Netua) 13
2.7 • Village map 16
2.8 • Social map 18
2.9 • Crop map 20
2.10 • Transect Walk 22
2.11 • Resource map 25
2.12 • Enterprise map 27
2.13 • Hydrology map 29
2.14 • Timeline map 31
2.15 • Daily Work Profile 34
2.16 • Mobility map 37
2.17 • Seasonality map 40
2.18 • Demonstration on Pheromone Trap 43
3 Details of Host Farmer 45
3.1 • Family Particulars 45
3.2 • Own land Particulars 45
3.3 • Cropping Pattern 45
4 Agronomic Crop Production 46-51
4.1 • Plot wise history of Host farmer 46
4.2 • Cropping Scheme of previous year 46
4.3 • Identification of weeds 47
4.4 • Agro-Economics (Rice; Gayatri CR-1018) 47
4.5 • Agro-Economics (Rice; Dhani var.) 48
4.6 • Agro-Economics (Green gram; PD-54) 50
4.7 • Overall Economics of all field crops 51
5 Horticultural Crop Production 52-59
5.1 • Crop information 52
5.2 • Seed or Planting Materials 52
5.3 • Field Preparation 53
5.4 • Nutrient Management 54

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5.5 • Weed Information 54
5.6 • Information on Plant protection 55
5.7 • Post-Harvest Management 57
5.8 • Market situation 57
5.9 • Horticultural Economics (Colocasia) 57
5.10 • Horticultural Economics (Pointed gourd) 58
5.11 • Overall Economics of Horticultural Crop 59
6 Crop protection 60-65
6.1 • Disease Identification and Remedial Measures 60-61
6.1.1 ➢ Monitoring of Crops for disease occurrence 60
6.1.2 ➢ Disease Incidence in Rice (Gayatri CR-1018) 61
6.1.3 ➢ Disease Incidence in Brinjal 61
6.2 • Pest Identification and Remedial Measures 62-65
6.2.1 ➢ Observation of different pest species 62
6.2.2 ➢ Observation of damage symptoms 62
6.2.3 ➢ Observation of control Methods 63
6.2.4 ➢ Observation of Insecticides used 63
6.2.5 ➢ Control measures suggested 64
7 Indigenous Technical Knowledge 66
8 Problem Identification 67
9 Action Plan for Netua 69
10 Rural Economics 70-96
10.1.1 ➢ Facilities and service 70
10.1.2 ➢ Village Demography 70
10.1.3 ➢ Market Facilities 71
10.2 • Farm Plan 72-96
10.2.1 ➢ Details of Host farmer (I) 73
10.2.2 ➢ Existing Plan 74-81
10.2.3 ➢ Alternate Plan 82
10.2.4 ➢ Household Budgeting 85
10.2.5 ➢ Details of Host farmer (II) 87
10.2.6 ➢ Existing Plan 88-92
10.2.7 ➢ Alternate Plan 93
10.2.8 ➢ Household Budgeting 95
11 Agricultural Institutional Attachment 97
12 Agro- Industrial Attachment 102
13 Experience gained During RAWE 104
14 Feedback 104
15 Conclusion 105
16 Action photography 106

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1. INTRODUCTION
“The Discovery of Agriculture was the
first big step towards a civilized society “– Arthur Kieth
The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) programme is being conducted
every year in 7th
semester. In this programme, all the students are divided into
different groups and are assigned to carry out different activities under the
proper guidance of our respected teachers known as moderators and with the
coordinator’s cooperation and participation of the villagers. Due to harsh
scenario of pandemic, I conducted my RAWE with online supervision of my
respected teachers. Here, Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) technique is
conducted to gain experience. So, we are required to carry out the exercises in
the assigned village with the help of the villagers and submit our report through
different maps.
During the PRA exercise, I’m exposed to village situation and got the basic
understanding of various on-farm activities and developed communication skills
during the presentation conducted regularly under this programme and during
training and demonstrations.
Various exercises under this project developed knowledge of the students and
revised all the courses that we studied for the last 3 years. We are now
comfortable while communicating with the villagers.
I think the most important achievement of this RAWE programme is that it has
generated interest in the minds of the students to do something for the villagers
because they have very closely observed the real problems and difficulties faced
by the poor farmers.

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2. EXTENSION
(2.1) RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE (RAWE)
Agricultural education is an important tool in ensuring increased agricultural
productivity, sustainability and environmental and ecological security,
profitability, job security and equity. In India RANDHWA Committee (1992)
recommended the rural agricultural work experience (RAWE) programme for
imparting quality, practical and production-oriented education for agriculture
degree programme. The World Bank (1975) stated that there was little emphasis
on curricular or agribusiness outside Government jobs. Therefore, the agenda
for 21st
century in agricultural education should be drawn on the basis of
challenges it has to meet in the near future. RAWE programme provides
significant hands on experiencing in acquiring knowledge and skill.
What is RAWE?
RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience) is a programme for imparting
quality, practical and production oriented for agricultural degree.
Objectives of RAWE
✓ Understanding the rural life by students.
✓ To get familiarize with the socio-economic conditions of the farmers &
their problems with reference to agricultural development.
✓ To provide an opportunity to the students for practical training in crop
production through work experience.
✓ To develop communication skills among students using extension
teaching methods in transfer of technology.
✓ To develop the understanding regarding agricultural technologies being
followed by the farmers and to prepare alternate farm plans to suit to the
local situations in consultation with the farmers.

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(2.2) PARTICIPATORY RURAL APPRAISAL (PRA)
PRA is a process of involving local people in the analysis and interpretation
of local situation. PRA is characterized by an applied science, holistic
development, fileable approach of progressive learning system which is
conducted by multi-disciplinary team emphasize on community
participation. It initiates a participatory process and sustains it.
PRA constitutes a process of involvement with the rural people for
indigenous knowledge building exercise. It is a way of learning from
villagers and with their support to investigate, analyze and evaluate
constraints and opportunities. It helps to make informed and timely
decisions regarding developmental projects. The participation of rural
people can be facilitated through PRA for planning, implementing and
monitoring of rural developing programme.
RRA (RAPID RURAL APPRAISAL)
• 1st
developed in underdeveloped & developing country.
• Due to collapse it came into an effective manner Participatory Rural
Appraisal.
Objectives: -
✓ To generate information and collection of data for immediate or
future use.
✓ For greater and better involvement of villages by learning about
their perception, experiences and capabilities.
✓ For learning about the impacts of earlier or ongoing policies and
programme and to frame new ones.
✓ For validation and cross-checking of data collected from other
sources.
✓ For training of different categories of persons involved in the
development process, whether from Govt., NGOs, Banks,
Researchers, Extension Agents, Scientists etc.

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PRA Techniques
PRA is both an attitude and methodology. It is one of the tools of surveying that
helps outsiders to understand the village symbols, systems, dynamics and
politics by using various techniques as well as by methods of direct observation
and discussion. The process of understanding the agro system and the social
organization can only be successful with the total involvement of the village
people & the officials concerned.
Need for PRA
✓ Sustained change and the need for accurate and timely information.
✓ It advances that the people themselves are ‘solution agents ‘for their
problems.
✓ It cuts down the “Normal Professional Bias“ and “Anti–poverty bias”
towards the people.
✓ Reduce down the normal time-consuming long methods of survey which
consumes the most needed resources and that gives result after a long
time.
✓ The method is cost effective, accurate and timely.
Purpose of PRA
✓ To use farmer’s criteria, choices and understand the local environment
with the clear priorities.
✓ To learn farmer’s indigenous technologies.
✓ To achieve for triangulation using different methods & involving various
people to check and recheck the findings.
✓ To develop self-critical analysis and direct contact with local needs and
communities.
GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING INTERACTION IN PRA
Before:
✓ Meet the villagers with an open and frank mind. Tell them who you are
and why you have come.
✓ Build up personal rapport with villagers.
✓ Identify villagers who are willing to share their experiences.

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✓ Always begin to interview by relaxing the tension of the interviewer by
asking general questions and setting the climate for discussion.
✓ Select a suitable place for the interview. Sit down with the villagers on
the same floor.
During:
✓ Listen carefully, show empathy and be patient.
✓ Intense and careful observation is most important.
✓ Don’t interrupt, suggest or prescribe.
✓ Be polite, gentle and accommodative.
✓ Head nodding during interview is avoided.
✓ Try to follow existing customs of the village.
✓ There is no point in getting impatient or becoming too much inquisitive
when the villagers discuss among themselves
After:
✓ At the end of the interview, all the interviews must be thanked
individually by the members of the group for giving time and sharing their
experience.
✓ Sit down with all the members and record all the information collected
and the process of information generation. This is called as triangulation.
PARTICIPATORY MAPPING/MODELLING
This is the construction of a village area using rangoli powders or chalk on the
ground or a cement floor for understanding the village layout, main features
such as housing, temples, stores and other infrastructure and other sources like
forests, lands, watersheds etc.
Purpose:
✓ To get an impression of the social and physical layout of the village as
perceived by the villagers themselves.
✓ To understand globally the social structure of the village, which live there,
which facilities are there, where they are located etc.
✓ To get an impression of the natural resource environment of the village
as perceived by the villagers.

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(2.3) ORIENTATION PROGRAMME
Before direct exposure to the village there was an orientation programme in an
online meeting platform from 10/08/2020-20/08/2020. The motto of this
programme was to aware the students about the works to be done during the
whole semester. All the students, faculty members were present in this
programme.
The program was conducted by the Dean Dr. V.T. Raju Sir for the individual farm
planning and budgeting followed by Co-Ordinator of RAWE Mr. Basant Kumar
Sir.
During this week we were able to learn about the techniques of PRA. All the
faculty members of different departments helped us to understand and practice
all the exercises regarding PRA.
I selected one village i.e. Netua (Kendrapara Block: Derabish) – Irrigated, during
this programme. We are really thankful to our college for arranging this
orientation programme which built confidence among us to work with the
farmers in the village.

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(2.4) DISTRICT KENDRAPARA AT A GLANCE
Kendrapara District is situated in Central Coastal plain zone of Odisha. The
District is bounded by Bhadrak District at its North, Jagatsinghpur District at its
South, Cuttack District at its West and Bay of Bengal at its East. Kendrapara
District lies in 20 degree 20’ N to 20 degree37’ N Latitude and 86 degree 14’ E
Longitude. The Coastline of Kendrapara District covers 48 Km stretching from
Dhamra Muhan to Batighar. Headquarters of Kendrapara District is well known
as the Tulasi Khetra.
Basic Information of the District:
• Agro-Climatic Zone: Eastern and South Eastern Coastal Plain Zone
• Total Geographical area: 2,24,000 ha
• Upland: 31,081 ha (20.44 %)
• Medium land: 71,890 ha (47.29 %)
• Low land: 49,029 ha (32.25%)
• Total cultivated area: 1.52.000 ha
• Area sown during kharif: 1,45,700 ha
• Area sown during rabi: 1,16,000 ha
• Soil type: Alluvial soil, Saline soil
• Mean Annual rainfall: 1556 mm
• Fertilizer Consumption rate: 29.3 kg/ha
• No. of farm families-: 1, 27,020
a. Marginal (59.7%),
b. Small (26.4 %),
c. Semi medium (11.6%),
d. Medium (2.2 %)

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(2.5) RAPPORT BUILDING
I’m assigned to a village i.e. Netua. That village was almost 2 km away from my
residence still I’m more connected with the village. Going to a new place to do
PRA was at first filled with excitement and nervousness both.
In order to boost my confidence my mentor Mr. Basant Kumar sir guided me
with some important ideas and techniques on the first day of the visit (30th
August 2020). The villagers were busy with their works. I addressed them with
folded hands and head bowed in respect. I introduced myself as 4th
yr. B.Sc. (Ag)
students from MITS Institute of Professional studies, Rayagada and described
the motto of my visit. I put forward numerous questions regarding the village
history, crop grown, standard of living of the people, organizations and
institutions, available resources, problems and opportunities. They listened
patiently to my politely posed questions and answered with great interest. I
arrived at sensitive and important issues using open ended questions. I
requested them to help me in mapping, modeling, transect walk and other PRA
activities and they showed enthusiastic and active participating. Towards the
end, I felt as if we belong to a single family. We knew each other both personally
and professionally. I got tremendous cooperation from the villages’ residents.
On the last day of completation of PRA, I thanked the villagers for helping us
throughout by devoting their valuable time and sharing their bountiful
experiences.
RAPPORT BUILDING WITH HOST FARMER
In Netua, First I visited Mr. Suresh Mahapatra’s home. I wished him with folded
hands and gave my introduction in brief. He greeted me happily into his house
and addressed me to other members of the house. They asked about my native
place and about my family members. I also interacted with them informally.
Farming is his main occupation. He has a joint family. He is of average economic
status. He has a great knowledge about farming. I was very happy by interacting
with him and his family members. He also took me to his field where we
discussed about the various techniques that he has been using in his field. At
last I took a goodbye with a smiling face and they assured me for their full
cooperation in future also.

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(2.6) VILLAGE SURVEY (NETUA)
Netua is present in the Derabish block of Kendrapara district. This
village is totally IRRIGATED. Waterlogging and salinization are main
constraints in the development of this village.
❖ Name of village: Netua
❖ Gram Panchayat: Nikirei
❖ Block: Derabish
❖ District: Kendrapara
❖ Police Station: Chotty
❖ Post Office: Chotty
Land Use Pattern:
❖ Total Geographical Area: 345 acres
❖ Land Under Cultivation: 190 acres
❖ Pasture Land: 40 acres
❖ Residential Area: 115 acres
Total population of the village: 2050
• Male – 1120
• Female – 930
A. Literacy percentage: 80%
• Male: 77%
• Female :83%
B. Category of farm families:
• Medium
• Small
C. Secondary occupation:
• Service holder
• Buisness
D. Soil type:
• Upland: Sandy loam
• Medium land: Sandy loam
• Lowland: Clay loam
E. Cropping Pattern: Rice - Rice; Rice – Pulses

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F. Crops resources in village:
• Paddy
▪ Rice varieties cultivated:
▪ Upland varieties- Khandagiri
▪ Medium land varieties- Gayatri, Pooja, Dhani
▪ Lowland varieties- Swarna masuri
• Pulses (Green gram and Black gram)
• Vegetables- Colocasia, Pointed Gourd, Brinjal, Okra, Chilli, Ridge gourd,
Cow pea.
G. Hydrological resources:
• No. of ponds: 2
• No. of Borewell: 5
• Canal: 1
H. Livestock resources:
• No. of cow: 35
• No. of goat: 20-30
I. Agricultural Implements:
• Desi plough
• Power Tiller
• 9-tyne Cultivator
• Sprayer
• Tractor
• Bullock cart
• Pump
• Thresher
J. Facilities available in the village:
• Pacca road
• Electricity
• Water supply
• Telephone facility
• School facilities
• Control shop
K. Farmer’s Category:
• Land less: 5%
• Marginal Farmer (< 1ha): 15%

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• Small Farmer (1-2 ha): 50%
• Medium Farmer (2-4 ha): 25%
• Larger Farmer (>4 ha): 10%
L. Institutions:
1. Religious institutions:
A) Mahapurusa Mandir
B) Sai Baba Mandir
C) Tarini Maa Mandir
D) Shiva Mandir
E) Hanuman Mandir
F) Bhagabata Tungi
2. Social Institutions:
A) Netua Primary School (estd.1960)
B) Panchayat Office.
M.Communication Media:( 80%)
• Television (25%)
• Mobile Phone (30%
• News Paper (35%)
• Radio (10%)
N. Adopted Sponsored program (Govt. Schemes)
• KALIA (Krushak Assistance for Livelihood and Income
Augmentation),2019
• PMFBY (Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana), 2018
• BKKY (Biju Krushak Kalayan Yojana), 2015

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(2.7) VILLAGE MAP
It is a map where all the entities of the village like temples, roads, water
bodies, fields, houses etc. are represented by conventional signs.
Process of Making:
This is the construction of a village map by using rangoli or coloured chalk on
the ground or cemented floor for understanding village layout and the features
such as houses, temples, stores and other infrastructures and the natural
resources like forestland, waste land etc.
Purpose of Drawing Village Map:
• To get an impression of a social, physical layout of the village by villagers
themselves.
• To understand globally the social structure of the village who lived there,
what facilities are available.
• To get an impression of the natural resources environment of the village
perceived by the villagers.
The survey on village NETUA provides the following findings:
1. No. of households: 368
2. Total population: 2050
3. Religious institutions:
G) Mahapurusa Mandir
H) Sai Baba Mandir
I) Tarini Maa Mandir
J) Shiva Mandir
K) Hanuman Mandir
L) Bhagabata Tungi
4. Social Institutions:
C) Netua Primary School (estd.1960)
D) Panchayat Office.

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VILLAGE MAP OF NETUA

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(2.8) SOCIAL MAP
Social map is a map which depicts the different social structures like
caste structure, religion and social institutions. Social map is schematic
diagram showing the economic picture of the entire village.
The survey on village NETUA provides the following findings:
• No. of households: 368
• Total population: 2050
• Position of different Caste structure:
i. Harijan Sahi
ii. Khandayat Sahi
iii. Gudia Sahi
iv. Keuta Sahi
v. Sethi Sahi
• Religious institutions:
i. Mahapurusa Mandir
ii. Sai Baba Mandir
iii. Tarini Maa Mandir
iv. Shiva Mandir
v. Hanuman Mandir
vi. Bhagabata Tungi
• Social Institutions:
i. Netua Primary School (estd.1960)
ii. Panchayat Office

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SOCIAL MAP OF NETUA

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(2.9)CROP MAP
It is a kind of map where different types of crops are grown in the locality
are represented in a map. Different types of crops in village like rice,
Colocasia, Pointedgourd, Brinjal, Okra etc are grown and are represented
by respective signs.
Purpose:
• To know the potential crop area, main crop, varieties, cropping
system, pattern, etc.
• To get all the information’s about the crop for the preparation of the
action plan.
Process:
I gathered the villagers along with the requisites for map like colour chalks,
rangoli, stand, stone, gravel etc. and sat on the village verandah to draw the
map. I redrew the map on my daily record as well as on the chart paper.
The major crops of the Village NETUA
CROPS AREA
RICE 110 Acre
COLOCASIA 30 Acre
POINTEDGOURD 20 Acre
BRINJAL 15 Acre
OKRA 15 Acre

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CROP MAP OF NETUA

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(2.10)TRANSECT WALK
INTRODUCTION:
Transect walk is a systemic walk along with a definite pattern across
the village with the local people to explore different locations and
distribution of resources, landscape, main land uses along a transect
section.
The transect walk normally conducted during the initial phase of the
field work.
OBJECTIVES:
a) It is a cross sectional area that represents the agro-ecology and
their comparison against other parameters including the
topography, land type, land use, ownership, soil type, soil
fertility, vegetation and crops by observing, asking, looking and
producing a transect diagram.
b) It is also helpful for problem identification and natural resource
management.
IMPORTANT THINGS THAT ARE TO BE OBSERVED DURING
TRANSECT WALK:
PHYSICAL FEATURES: -
Topography, hydrology, soil type and problems such as erosion etc.
Locally involved technologies and management systems. These
include traditional indigenous technologies that farmers have been
using and their management.

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CROPS AND AGRICULTURE: -
Lands are cropping practices and patterns, crop related problems
and various locally applied control measures, crop productivity, yield
etc are studied.
While doing the transect walk I started from an elevation from
the upland area and ended to the village residential area. I
came across the following conclusions:
SL.NO SOIL TYPE TEXTURE CROPS GROWN
1 UPLAND SANDY LOAM Colocasia, Pointed gourd, Rice
2 MEDIUM LAND SANDY LOAM Colocasia, Rice
3 LOWLAND CLAY LOAM Rice

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TRANSECT MAP OF VILLAGE NETUA

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(2.11)RESOURCE MAP
INTRODUCTION
The Village Resource Map is a tool that helps us to learn about a community and
its resource base. The primary concern is not to develop an accurate map but to
get useful information about local perceptions of resources. The participants
should develop the content of the map according to what is important to them.
OBJECTIVES
To learn the villagers' perception of what natural resources are found in the
community and how they are used.
RESOURCE MAP OF NETUA
NATURAL RESOURCES: -
LAND RESOURCES-
Total area of village Residential: 115 acres
Total cultivated land: 190 acres
Upland- 80 acres
Medium land- 60 acres
Lowland- 50 acres
HYDROLOGICAL RESOURCES: -
• Canal :1
• Total no. of ponds- 2
• No. of tube well: 5

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RESOURCE MAP OF NETUA

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(2.12)ENTERPRISE MAP
It contains various enterprises those are present in the village.
Enterprise is a small or large business which is started with the
venture of a person aiming to make profit in future. It includes
various enterprises like poultry unit, fishery unit, diary unit,
goat unit and various agro industries.
PURPOSE:
✓ To know about various existing enterprises in the village.
PROCESS:
I collected materials like rangoli powder, chalks, gravels,
colour stones, sticks etc for mapping. I purchased big size
paper sheet for re-drawing the map which was drawn on the
ground. Then I organized the villagers and sat in the mandir
varendah and enquired the about the various water resources
of their area in their village.
PARTICULARS NETUA
Dairy unit 13
Grocery Shops 2
Beetle shops 4
Snacks Shop 2
Tailor shop 1
Medicine Store 1

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ENTERPRICE MAP OF VILLAGE NETUA

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(2.13)HYDROLOGY MAP
A hydrology map depicts the location of different water sources like
pond, river, canal, tube wells etc. It also contains the depth of water
table of different region i.e. upland, medium land and lowland.
PURPOSE:
✓ To get an impression about different water sources and depth
of water table of different regions of the village.
PROCESS:
I collected materials like rangoli powder, chalks, gravels, colour
stones, sticks etc for mapping. We purchased big size paper sheet for
re-drawing the map which was drawn on the ground. Then I
organized the villagers and sat in the varendah and enquired the
about the various water resources of their area in their village.
PARTICULARS NETUA (IRRIGATED)
No. of ponds 2
No. of Tube wells 5
Canal 1

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HYDROLOGY MAP OF NETUA

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(2.14)TIMELINE MAP
It is chronology or sequence of events that have taken place in a
particular village or area or community. These may relate general,
historical events of the village or to specify the subject or sectors
such as health, education, agriculture, animal husbandry and allied
sectors.
PURPOSE:
✓ The timeline helps on in remembering from back up to the
present day such as year when road was built, adoption of HYV
seeds of different crops, fertilizers, pesticides, farm inputs,
occurrence of neutral calamities like flood, drought, cyclone,
epidemic, insect attack.
✓ This exercise can be applied to the plan the objective
development programme on agriculture, health, nutrition,
animal husbandry along with the help to understand the trend
and changing need and interest of farming community.
HOW:
✓ Group discussions should be done by interviewing the key
individuals regarding the past events of the villager. The elderly
persons should be involved as they can remember the events
from the very beginning.

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TIMELINE OF NETUA
1800 Village Establishment
1913 Pond establishment-
1918 First job
1921 First shop
1950 First radio
1960 Primary school
1965 Tarini Maa temple establishment
1975 Tube well
1980 Electricity
1982 Television
1984 Landline
1986 Bike
1995 Road Construction
2004 LPG
2005 Tractor
2010 Govt. Water supply

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TIMELINE MAP OF NETUA

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(2.15)DAILY WORK PROFILE
Daily work profile describes how villagers (male & female) spend a day of
24 hours along with different kinds of activities and time allotted for each
activity. Daily work profile can be taken from men and women in both
categories of farmer and farm labourer.
PURPOSE:
To get an account of time spent by the farmers and labourers. Men and
women for various activities in a day of 24 hours. Data on village earning
rest of recreation hours.
Data on leisure time which can be utilized for the development of workers.
DAILY WORK PROFILE OF WOMEN AT NETUA
TIME WORK LIST
5am Wake up
5am-7am Nature’s call, cleaning house, Taking bath.
7am-8.00am Worship in puja room, Breakfast preparation.
8.00am-10 am Prepare children for school
10am-2pm Preparation of lunch
2pm-5pm Household work and take rest
5pm-5.30pm Evening prayer
5.30pm-8pm Guide her children, feed the cattle &
household work
8pm-8.30pm Dinner preparation
8.30pm-10.30pm Dinner
10.30pm-11.00pm Wash utensils
11pm-5am Taking sleep
CONCLUSION:
The daily work profile of farm women shows that they contribute most of their
time for caring their family members & household activities. So, they are facing
a lot of drudgery during their day to day activities. Their contribution towards
income is very negligible.
ACTION PLAN:
➢ These women can be trained properly to take up enterprises like mushroom
cultivation, making of papad, pickles, etc. by forming SHG groups.

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DAILY WORK PROFILE OF MEN AT NETUA
TIME WORK LIST
5am Wake up
5.10am-7am Nature’s call, miscellaneous work,
taking bath
7am- 7.30am Taking breakfast
7.30am-8.00am Feed the cattle
8.00am-12.30pm Field work
12.30pm-1.00pm lunch
1.00pm-2.00pm Taking rest
2.00pm-5.00pm Field work
5.00pm-6.00pm Return to home, taking snacks
6.00pm-8.30pm Entertainment
8.30pm-9.30pm Dinner
10.00pm Taking Sleep
CONCLUSION:
➢ The daily work profile of male shows that the men spend most of their
time in farming activities.
ACTION PLAN:
➢ The farmers in particular the rural youths can be encouraged to take up
enterprises like poultry farming, pisciculture, goatery, vermicomposting,
bee keeping, and mushroom cultivation by reducing their leisure time.

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DAILY WORK PROFILE OF NETUA

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(2.16)MOBILITY MAP
The community can get goods and services from different places. Some
resources will be available within the PRA other on the boundaries of the
community. People are daily, weekly and occasionally fetch for the resources
in and out of their area.
PURPOSE:
The diagram is used to understand the place travelled, resources collected and
to identify the person travelling. The resources could have problem the roots
and means of transportation may not be appropriate.
PROCESS:
I collected materials like rangoli powder, chalks, gravels, colour stones, sticks
etc for mapping. I purchased big size paper sheet for re-drawing the map
which was drawn on the ground. Then we organized the villagers and sat in the
mandir verandah and enquired the about the various water resources of their
area in their village.
APPLICATION:
The PRA team and information resources in short supply and the reason for
not having in community. The community action plan includes ways and means
to get critical resources in the future. The difficulties faced on the road and
resources center taken due consideration for future development.

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RESOURCES AVALIABLE IN OR NEAR BY THE VILLAGE NETUA
Conclusion:
The mobility map shows that they are frequent in attach with government
institutions like Gram panchayat, School, Hospital for the facility provided
by the government.
SL.NO RESOURCES AVALIABLE IN
VILLAGE
DISTANCE FROM
VILLAGE
1 GRAM PANCHAYAT YES
2 SCHOOL YES
3 RICE MILL NO 1.3 KM
4 MANDI NO 1.5 KM
5 HOSPITAL NO 1.8 KM
6 RAILWAY STATION NO 2 KM
7 BANK NO 2 KM
8 COLLEGE NO 2.3 KM
9 POLICE STATION NO 4 KM
10 MARKET NO 4.5 KM
11 POST OFFICE NO 5 KM

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MOBILITY MAP OF NETUA

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(2.17)SEASONALITY
Seasonality is an exercise to determine seasonal pattern in rural area
as related to farming practices, rainfall, labour availability etc. It
attempts to establish regular cycle or pattern of activity and
occurance within a community over 12 months. It determines the
seasonal calendar as understood and practiced by the villagers. This
is built upon different length of sticks or number of stores or seeds to
quantify items such as employment, availability of agri inputs,
income and expenditure etc.
PURPOSE:
✓ A seasonal calendar helps to present large quantities of diverse
information in a common time frame. It compares community
activities for month by month across sectorial boundaries. It
identifies cycle of activities that occurs within the life of
community on regular basis and helps to determine whether
there is common period of excessive environmental problems
of opportunities over the course of normal year.
✓ Data for seasonal calendar was collected from community
group. Effort was made to diversify informants from
community group i.e. men and women, informal leaders, young
and old residents.

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Seasonality map on various crops grown at NETUA
SL.NO CROPS SOWING
TIME
HARVESTING
TIME
1 RICE SRABANA
(JUL – AUG)
KARTIKA
(OCT – NOV)
2 COLOCASIA BAISAKHA
(APR – MAY)
ASHWINA
(SEPT – OCT)
3 BRINJAL ASADHA
(JUN – JUL)
ASHWINA
(SEPT – OCT)
4 OKRA
ASADHA
(JUN – JUL)
MAGHA
(JAN – FEB)
VADRABA
(AUG – SEPT)
CHAITRA
(MAR – APR)
5 PUMPKIN JAISTA
(MAY – JUN)
VADRABA
(AUG – SEPT)
6 RIDGEGOURD JAISTA
(MAY – JUN)
VADRABA
(AUG – SEPT)
7 COWPEA ASADHA
(JUN – JUL)
VADRABA
(AUG – SEPT)
ASHWINA
(SEPT – OCT)

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Seasonality map on various crops grown at NETUA

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(2.18)DEMONSTRATION ON PHEREMONE TRAP
In village NETUA, the major problem in crops are pests. Pests like stem borer,
Fruit and shoot borer and fruit fly which causes the major damage in crops like
Paddy, Brinjal, Okra, etc. causing serious damage in yield of the crops. The
farmers are using pesticides for controlling the pests. The pesticides they are
purchasing from the private shop which is of higher costs as well as it shows
residual impacts on crops as well as soil and also on health of the farmer’s as
well as their family. The only solution of it is going to pheromone trap which
gives a efficient results by reducing the use of synthetic pesticides on the field
in maintaining the economical as well as health standard of the farmers.
What is pheromone trap?
A pheromone trap is a type of insect trap that uses pheromones to lure insects.
Sex pheromones and aggregating pheromones are the most common types
used.
How does a Pheromone trap work?
Pheromone traps are very sensitive, meaning they attract insects present at
very low densities. They are often used to detect presence of exotic pests. In
one form of mating disruption, males are attracted to a powder containing
female attractant pheromones. The pheromones stick to the males’ bodies,
and when they fly off, the pheromones make them attractive to other males. It
is hoped that if enough males chase other males instead of females, egg-laying
will be severely impeded.
How to use (Installation process)?
• Half-fill the trap with soapy water.
• Put bait in the pheromone dispenser or suspend the pheromone capsule
from the lid using string or wire.
• Close the container.
• Attach the trap to a bamboo or wooden stake or hang on branch of a
tree.
• Place traps for different pests at least 3 meters apart.
• If traps are used for monitoring the pests, 2-3 traps are enough for 1 ha
field.

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How to prepare pheromone trap at home?
• Make 10 to 12 holes into an old 1-liter plastic bottle to allow moths to
enter.
• Heat a small piece of metal to make the holes easily.
• Put a wire from the cover to suspend the bait.
• Secure the pheromone dispenser align with the entrance holes inside
the trap.
• Make a rectangular opening into the lower part of the container for
removing the moths caught.
Feedback after Demonstration:
The farmers are very anxious and keen to the demonstration on pheromone
trap. They find it very interesting and efficient solution for their problem of
pests. They are happy to find that trap that can be made at home with help of
a plastic bottle and the price of the trap is quite affordable for the farmers.
They were happy on the demonstration and showed their keen participation
by asking questions and queries.

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3. DETAILS OF THE HOST FARMER
❖ NAME OF HOST FARMER: Mr. Suresh Mahapatra
❖ AGE: 42
❖ FATHER’S NAME: Jagabandhu Mahapatra
❖ VILLAGE: NETUA
❖ GRAM PANCHAYAT: NIKIREI
❖ BLOCK: DERABISH
❖ DISTRICT: KENDRAPARA
(3.1) FAMILY PARICULARS:
(3.2) OWNLAND PARTICULARS
SL.NO TYPE OF LAND AREA (In Ha)
1 UPLAND 0.6
2 LOWLAND 2
3 MEDIUM LAND 0.8
TOTAL 3.4
LAND PARTICULARS:
✓ OWNLAND: 3.4Ha
✓ LEASED IN: Nil
✓ LEASED OUT: Nil
(3.3)CROPPING PATTERN:
SEASON CROP AREA
KHARIF RICE (Gayatri CR1018) 2 Ha
RICE (Dhani) 1.7 Ha
RABI GREEN GRAM (PD - 54) 1.2 Ha
SUMMER COLOCASIA (DESI VAR.) 0.3 Ha
POINTEDGOURD (Desi VAR.) 0.2 Ha
SL.NO NAME REALTION TO H. F GENDER AGE EDUCATION
1 Suresh Mahapatra HOST FARMER MALE 42 10THPASS
2 Monaja Mahapatra WIFE FEMALE 38 10TH PASS
3 Jagabandhu Mahapatra FATHER MALE 88 8TH PASS
4 Ramani Mahapatra MOTHER FEMALE 75 7TH PASS
5 Srinivas Mahapatra BROTHER MALE 54 B.ED. PASS
6 Tulasi Rout SISTER-IN-LAW FEMALE 48 B. ED PASS
7 Akash Mahapatra Nephew MALE 24 B.Sc PASS
8 Arpita Mahapatra Niece FEMALE 14 9TH CLASS
9 Arjita Mahapatra Daughter FEMALE 13 8TH CLASS
10 Arab Mahapatra Son MALE 8 3RD CLASS

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4. AGRONOMIC CROP PRODUCTION
(4.1) Plot wise history of host farmers including cropping scheme
1. Soil properties
(a) Soil type : Sandy Loam , Clay Loam
(b) Texture : Sand, Slit, Clay
(c) Soil pH : 5.5-6.5
(d) Drainage : Poor Drainage Facility
2. Irrigation available to the field
(a) source : Borewell, Canal
(b) Area irrigated : 3.4 ha
3. Previous cropping history (Crop Rotation)
(a) Kharif : Rice
(b) Rabi : Green Gram
(4.2) Cropping scheme previous year
Details of cropping scheme of previous year and inputs and outputs
Area
(ha)
Crops
&
variety
Field
preparation
Manure
&
Fertilizer (ha)
Irrigation
Source
Weeding Yield
Obtained
(q/ha)
2 ha
Rice
GAYATRI
(CR-1018)
Tillage,
Puddling
(Tractor)
FYM-3 ton
N(Urea) - 65 kg
N&P(Gromor) -107 kg
K(MOP) -50 kg
CANAL,
BORE
WELL
HAND
WEEDING
1-2 times
50q/ha
1.7ha
Rice
(DHANI)
Tillage,
Puddling
(Tractor)
FYM-3ton
N(Urea)-62kg
N&P(Gromor)-110kg
K(MOP)-50kg
CANAL,
BORE
WELL
HAND
WEEDING
1-2 times
45q/ha
1.2ha Green Gram
(PD-54)
Ploughing
(Tractor)
FYM = 4ton
N&P(DAP) = 90 kg
K(MOP)-35kg
CANAL,
BORE
WELL
HAND
WEEDING
1 times
8q/ha

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(4.3) IDENTIFICATION OF WEEDS IN CROP FIELD
AGRO-ECONOMICS
(4.4) COST OF CULTIVATION OF RICE {GAYATRI (CR 1018)}
Value of purchased material inputs
PARTICULARS QUANTITY/Ha RATE COST / Ha
(In Rs)
Seed 100kg Rs 32/KG Rs 3200
Plant
Protection
Rs 1000
Manure (FYM) 3 TON. Rs 700/TRIP Rs 700
Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMOR,
MOP)
N(Urea) - 65 kg
N&P(Gromor) -107 kg
K(MOP) -50 kg
Rs 390/65KG UREA
Rs2890/107KG GROMOR
Rs 800/50KG MOP
Rs 4080
Hired human
labour
LABOUR CHARGE Rs300/DAY
FIELD PREPARATION- ----------------5NOS
NURSERY RAISING [1000sq.mt] ----6NOS
TRANSPLANTING----------------------8 NOS
APPLICATION OF FYM--------------- 3 NOS
AND FERTILIZER
WEEDING AND INTERCULTURE----7 NOS
HARVESTING---------------------------10NOS
BAGGING AND STORAGE-------------7NOS
Rs 1500
Rs 1800
Rs 2400
Rs 900
Rs 2100
Rs 3000
Rs 2100
Rs 13800
Machinery
labour (hired)
USED FOR 4 HRS Rs 800/hr Rs 3200
SI.NO. CROP COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME
1 RICE
Deccan grass Echinochloa colonum
Yellow nutsedge Cyperus iria
Doob grass Cyanodon dactylon
Tick weed Cleome viscosa
Nut grass Cyperus rotundus
2 GREEN GRAM
Grass Cynodon dactylon
Garden spurge Euphorbia hirta
Amaranth Amaranthus viridis
Swollen finger grass Chloris barbata

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Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 1500
TOTAL Rs 27,480
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/Ha QUANTITY/Ha
MAIN YIELD (Grains) Rs 93,400 50 qtl (Rs 1868/qtl)
BY PRODUCT (Straw) Rs 4000
TOTAL Rs 97,400
Gross Return = Rs 97,400
Cost Of cultivation = Rs 27,480
Gross Income = Gross Return – Cost Of cultivation
= Rs 97,400 – Rs 27,480 = Rs 69,920
𝑩𝑬𝑵𝑬𝑭𝑰𝑻 𝑪𝑶𝑺𝑻 𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶 =
𝑮𝑹𝑶𝑺𝑺 𝑹𝑬𝑻𝑼𝑹𝑵
𝑪𝑶𝑺𝑻 𝑶𝑭 𝑪𝑼𝑳𝑻𝑰𝑽𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵
𝑩𝑬𝑵𝑰𝑭𝑰𝑻 𝑪𝑶𝑺𝑻 𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶 =
𝑹𝒔 𝟗𝟕, 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟐𝟕, 𝟒𝟖𝟎
= 𝟑. 𝟓𝟒
(4.5) COST OF CULTIVATION OF RICE (DHANI Var.)
(In Rs)
Plant
Protection
Rs 1000
Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMOR,
MOP)
N(Urea)-62kg
N&P(Gromor)-110kg
K(MOP)-50kg
Rs 372/62KG UREA
Rs2970/110KG GROMOR
Rs 800/50KG MOP
Rs 4142

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Hired human
labour
LABOUR CHARGE Rs 300/DAY
FIELD PREPARATION- -----------------5NOS
TRANSPLANTING-----------------------8 NOS
AND FERTILIZER
HARVESTING---------------------------10NOS
BAGGING AND STORAGE------------7NOS
Rs 1500
Rs 1800
Rs 2400
Rs 900
Rs 2100
Rs 3000
Rs 2100
Rs 13800
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 1500
TOTAL Rs 27,942
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/Ha QUANTITY
TOTAL Rs 88,060
= Rs 88,060 – Rs 27,942 = Rs 60,118
𝑹𝒔 𝟖𝟖, 𝟎𝟔𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟐𝟕, 𝟗𝟒𝟐
= 𝟑. 𝟏𝟓

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(4.6) COST OF CULTIVATION OF Green Gram (PD-54)
(In Rs)
Plant
Protection
Rs 500
Fertilizer
(DAP, MOP)
N&P(DAP) = 90 kg
K(MOP)-35kg
Rs 2070/90KG DAP
Rs 560/35KG MOP Rs 2630
Hired human
labour
SEED SOWING -------------------------3NOS
AND FERTILIZER
WEEDING AND INTERCULTURE-- --5 NOS
HARVESTING----------------------------5 NOS
Rs 900
Rs 900
Rs 900
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 1200
Rs 6900
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 600
TOTAL Rs 15,330
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/Ha QUANTITY
MAIN YIELD Rs 64,000 8 qtl (800 Kg) Rs 80/Kg
TOTAL Rs 64,000
= Rs 64,000– Rs 15,330 = Rs 48,670

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𝑹𝒔 𝟔𝟒,𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟓,𝟑𝟑𝟎
= 𝟒. 𝟏𝟕
(4.7) OVERAL COST OF CULTIVATION OF ALL FIELD CROPS
TOTAL AREA UNDER FIELD CROPS 2.9 Ha
TOTAL EXENDITURE Rs 120,857
TOTAL INCOME Rs 421,302
TOTAL PROFIT Rs 300,445
BENEFIT: COST RATIO 3.48

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5. HORTICULTURE
• Major Horticultural crops of the Village: Colocasia, Pointed gourd,
Cauliflower, Brinjal, Okra, etc
• Horticultural crops host farmer grows: Colocasia, Pointed Gourd
, Cauliflower, Potato.
• Land type: Up land
• Total area (in ha.): 3.4
• Total area under Horticultural Crops (in ha): 0.5 ha (1.2 acre)
(5.1) Crops information
PREVIOUS SEASON PRESENT SEASON NEXT SEASON
CROP DURATION CROP DURATION CROP DURATION
Plot 1 POINTED GOURD DEC - MAR COLOCASIA APR - SEPT CAULIFLOWER OCT - DEC
Plot 2 POTATO DEC - MAR POINTED GOURD MAR - JUL CAULIFLOWER OCT - DEC
• Irrigation
Sources: Canal, Borewell
✓ Irrigated area (in ha): 0.5 Ha
System of
irrigation
Area (in
ha)
Crop Time of irrigation Number of irrigations
Ridge and
furrow
0.3 COLOCASIA 7-8 days interval 10 – 12
0.2 POINTED GOURD 15-20 days interval 3 - 4
(5.2) Seed or planting materials
Crop Variety Planting materials Source of seed
Colocasia Bali saru
Desi
Cormels Private
Pointed Gourd Desi Root Sucker (Ganda) Own Material
Cauliflower 4051 Seeds Private

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• Seed treatment
✓ Seed treatment adopted: Yes
✓ Seed treating chemicals: Fungicides: Bavistin@5gm/Litre of water
Dithane M 45 @5gm/Litre of water
(5.3) FIELD PREPARATION
TIME OF PLANTING:
✓ COLOCASIA (APRIL)
✓ POINTED GOURD (MARCH)
SYSTEM OF PLANTING CROP SPACING (in cm) POPULATION
RECTANGULAR COLOCASIA 40×45 5 plant/1m2
POINTED GOURD 120×90 1 plant/1m2
• PROTECTED CUTIVATION
✓ Protected structures are adopted for raising of cauliflower seedlings.
✓ Low cost protected structure (POLY HOUSE)
BAVISTIN DITHANE M-45
FUNGICIDES USED FOR SEEDLING TREATMENT

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(5.4) NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT
CROPS FYM FERTILIZERS RATE OF
APPLICATION
TIME OF
APPLICATION
METHOD OF
APPLICATION
Cost
For 0.3 ha
COLOCASIA 48q/0.3ha
GROMOR 27kg /0.3 ha
7-8 D.O. P
BASAL &
TOPDRESSING
Rs 721
UREA 36kg/ 0.3 ha Rs 217
MOP 50 kg/ 0.3 ha Rs 802
For 0.2 ha
POINTED
GOURD 12q/0.2ha
GROMOR 43kg/0.2ha
10- 12 D.O. P BASAL
Rs 1156
UREA 13kg/0.2ha Rs 78
MOP 20kg/0.2ha Rs 320
(5.5) WEEDS INFORMATION
SL.NO LOCAL NAME COMMON NAME SCIENTIFIC NAME
1 PHOOL FUTI CYPERUS Cyperus Sps
2 MADARANGA AMARANTHUS Amaranthus spp.
3 BILA LABANGA WHITE CLOVER Trifolium repens
4 GONDHI GACHA LANTANA Lantana camara
NUMBER OF MANUAL WEEDING:
SL.NO CROPS NO.OF. WEEDING
1 Colocasia 3-4
2 Pointed Gourd 2-3
3 Potato 3-4
• GROWTH REGULATOR
Growth regulators used: YES
➢ FANTAC PLUS (Amino acids): Used for
flowering
➢ Doses of application: 100gm/16 ltr
Sprayer. FANTAC PLUS
(AMINO ACIDS)

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(5.6) INFORMATION ON PLANT PROTECTION:
➢ ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEY
CROP INSECTS MANAGEMENT
COLOCASIA
CORM BORER
LETHAL SUPER 505
DOSE: 100 ml /5ltrs of water
POINTED GOURD
WHITE FLIES
SHARP (Acetamirphid 20%)
DOSE:50gm/15 ltrs of water
BRINJAL
FRUIT AND SHOOT
BORER
TRANSFORMER 505
DOSE:100gm/5ltrs of water
OKRA
FRUIT BORER LETHAL SUPER 505

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➢ PATHOLOGICAL SURVEY
CROP DISEASE MANAGEMENT
COLOCASIA
PHYTOPHTHORA BLIGHT ➢ Use of disease-free
plant material.
➢ Roughing infected
leaves.
➢ Avoiding excess level
of moisture.
➢ Use of fungicides like
metataxyl and
copper oxychloroide
as foliar spray.
POINTEDGOURD
CERCOSPORA LEAFSPOT ➢ Increase space
between rows for
good ventilation.
➢ Avoid Overhead
irrigation.
➢ Spraying of
Mancozeb, and
azoxystrobin are
effective.
BRINJAL
CERCOSPORA LEAFSPOT ➢ Increase space
between rows for
good ventilation.
➢ Avoid Overhead
irrigation.
➢ Spraying of
Mancozeb, and
azoxystrobin are
effective.
PHOMOPSIS BLIGHT ➢ Use disease free
seedling.
➢ Treating the seedling
with Carbendazim at
0.25%.
➢ Burning the infected
crop residue.

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OKRA
Y.M.V ➢ Use of disease-free
seedlings.
➢ Infected plat should
be removed from
the main field.
➢ Infected crop
residue should be
brunt.
(5.7) POST HARVEST MANAGEMENT:
CROP MATURITY
INDICIES
METHOD OF
HARVESTING
MONTH OF
HARVESTING
YIELD
(q/ha)
STORAGE
METHODS
COLOCASIA
➢ Leaves
becomes
yellow
➢ Plant
diebacks
TRADITIONAL
METHOD
(Digging the
ridges with help
of Phawrah)
SEPTEMBER 110 q/ha
33q/ 0.3ha No storage
POINTED
GOURD
➢ Leaves
becomes
yellow.
➢ Fruits
enlarge to
10-12cm
HAND PICKING JULY
100 q/ha
20q /0.2ha No storage
POTATO
➢ Leaves
become
yellow
➢ Plant
diebacks
TRADITIONAL
METHOD
(Digging the
ridges with help
of Phawrah)
MARCH 130q/ha
26q/ 0.2ha
Stored in
cold storage
(5.8) MARKET SITUATION:
➢ He sells through middleman with a fixed price.
➢ Nearby vegetable market is NIKIREI (4.5 Kms).
➢ It is a rural positioned market.
➢ Price of the commodities are decided by the local unions as per the
demand.
Horticultural Economics
(5.9) COST OF CULTIVATION OF COLOCASIA
EXPENDITURE QUANTITY & RATE/Ha COST
(Rs)/1Ha
1. Inputs (1 ha)
a. Planting material (Cormels) 1500kg/ha; Rs12/kg Rs 18,000

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b. FYM 160q/ha; Rs 700/trip Rs 2800
c. Fertilizers
GROMOR
UREA
MOP
89kg/ha; Rs 1350/50kg
120kg/ha; Rs 271/45kg
167kg/ha; Rs 800/50kg
Rs 2403
Rs 723
Rs 2672
d. Irrigation (electric motor, pipe etc.) Rs 300/hr Rs 1800
e. Plant Protection chemicals Rs 2500
f. Herbicides Rs 500
g. Others Rs 1000
2. Ploughing (tractor) Rs 1200/hr Rs 6000
3. Weeding, earthing up, training, pruning etc. 7 Man; Rs 300/day;
For 3days
Rs 6300
4. Labours in irrigation 2 Man; Rs 300/day; For 2 days Rs 1200
5. Harvesting cost 5 Man: Rs 300/day: For 5 days Rs 4500
6.Miscellaneous Rs 2000
TOTAL EXPENDITURE Rs 52,398
Total yield= 110 q/ha Selling @Rs 22/kg
(Or)33 q/0.3 ha
Gross Income (Rs 242,000/ ha) (Rs 72,600/0.3 ha)
So, the net profit in Colocasia Cultivation is Rs 189,602 in 1 ha of land and Rs
56,880 in 0.3ha of land.
B:C RATIO: -
𝑮𝒓𝒐𝒔𝒔 𝑰𝒏𝒄𝒐𝒎𝒆
𝑪𝒐𝒔𝒕𝑶𝒇𝑪𝒖𝒍𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏
=
𝑅𝑠 242,000
𝑅𝑠 52,398
= 4.61
(5.10) COST OF CULTIVATION OF POINTED GOURD
EXPENDITURE QUANTITY & RATE COST
(Rs)/1ha
1. Inputs (1 ha)
a. Planting material (Root Suckers) 120kg/ha; Rs150/kg Rs 18,000
c. Fertilizers
GROMOR
UREA
MOP
214 kg/ha; Rs 1350/50kg
65 kg/ha; Rs 271/45kg
100 kg/ha; Rs 800/50kg
Rs 5,778
Rs 391
Rs 1600
e. PP chemicals Rs 2500
f. Weedicides Rs 500
g. Others Rs 1000

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3. Weeding, earthing up, training, pruning
etc.
10 Man; Rs 300/day; For3days Rs 9000
4. Labours in irrigation 5 Man; Rs 300/day; For 1 day Rs 1500
Total yield= 100 q/ha Selling @Rs 25/kg
(Or) 20 q/0.2ha
Gross Income (Rs 250,000/ ha) (Rs 50,000/0.2ha)
So, the net profit in Pointed Gourd Cultivation is Rs 178,331 in 1 ha of land and
Rs 35,666 in 0.2ha of land.
B:C RATIO: -
𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑠𝑠 𝐼𝑛𝑐𝑜𝑚𝑒
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑡𝑂𝑓𝐶𝑢𝑙𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
=
𝑅𝑠 250,000
𝑅𝑠 71,669
= 3.48
(5.11) OVERAL COST OF CULTIVATION OF ALL HORTICULTURAL CROPS
TOTAL AREA UNDER HORTICULTURAL CROPS 0.5 Ha
TOTAL EXENDITURE Rs 30,054
TOTAL INCOME Rs 122,600
TOTAL PROFIT Rs 92,546
BENEFIT: COST RATIO 4.07

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6. CROP PROTECTION
(6.1) Disease Identification and Remedial Measures
(6.1.1) Monitoring the crops for Disease Occurrences and seeking of remedies
CROP DISEASE REMEDY GIVEN
BY EXPERTS
RICE BLAST
Use of Systematic fungicides like
Tricyclazole22% + Hexaconazole 3%
COLOCASIA PHYTOPHTHORA
BLIGHT
Use of Systematic fungicide metalaxyl
or non-systematic fungicides like
copper oxychloride, mancozeb as
foliar spray.
POINTEDGOURD CEROSPORA LEAF
BLIGHT
Mixing Fungicides like Topsin and
protectant fungicide at ¾ ratio and
sprayed.
BRINJAL
CEROSPORA LEAF
BLIGHT
Mixing Fungicides like Topsin and
protectant fungicide at ¾ ratio and
sprayed.
PHOMOPSIS
BLIGHT
Use of Carbendazim 50% is effective.
LITTLE LEAF
Cypermethrin and Dimethoate used
to suppress vectors. The infected
plant should be pulled out from the
field to prevent infection in other
plants.
OKRA Y.M. V
Seed treatment followed by two
spray application of imidacloprid at
15 days interval.

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(6.1.2) Name of crop: RICE
Variety: Gayatri (CR- 1018)
Date of Sowing: 10/8/2020
Stage of Crop: Vegetative Stage
Area of the crop grown: 2 Ha
Disease Incidence:
The formula used for determining the disease ans pest incidence are:
𝑫𝑰𝑺𝑬𝑨𝑺𝑬 𝑰𝑵𝑪𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑵𝑪𝑬% =
𝑵𝑶 𝑨𝑭𝑭𝑬𝑪𝑻𝑬𝑫 𝑳𝑬𝑨𝑭𝑷𝑳𝑨𝑵𝑻𝑻𝑰𝑳𝑳𝑬𝑹𝑷𝑶𝑫
𝑻𝑶𝑻𝑨𝑳 𝑵𝑶.𝑳𝑬𝑨𝑭𝑷𝑳𝑨𝑵𝑻𝑷𝑶𝑫 𝑨𝑺𝑺𝑬𝑺𝑺𝑬𝑫
× 100
If the percentage of disease incidence is above 50% i.e near equal to Economic Threshold
Level (ETL) then control measures is recommended to the farmer.
𝑺𝑬𝑨𝑺𝑶𝑵𝑨𝑳 𝑰𝑵𝑪𝑰𝑫𝑬𝑵𝑪𝑬% =
𝑻𝑶𝑻𝑨𝑳 𝑵𝑶.𝑶𝑭𝑳𝑳𝑬𝑨𝑭 𝑨𝑭𝑭𝑬𝑪𝑻𝑬𝑫𝑯𝑰𝑳𝑳 𝑶𝑹 𝑷𝑳𝑨𝑵𝑻
𝑻𝑶𝑻𝑨𝑳 𝑵𝑶.𝑶𝑭 𝑳𝑬𝑨𝑭 𝑶𝑹 𝑷𝑳𝑨𝑵𝑻
× 100
(6.1.3) Name of crop: BRINJAL
Variety: Desi Var.
Stage of Crop: Harvesting Stage
BLOCK PLANT TOTAL NO. OF LEAVES
PRESENT
NO. OF LEAVES AFFECTED PERCENTAGE OF
DISEASE INCIDENCETOP MED LOW
1
1 32 5 2 0 18.75
2 30 4 1 1 20
3 33 6 2 0 24.24
4 29 3 0 0 10.34
5 30 4 2 0 20
BLOCK PLANTS
CERCOSPORA LEAF SPOT OF BRINJAL
TOTAL LEAVES DISEASED LEAVES % OF DAMAGED
1
1 35 7 20
2 38 11 28.94
3 42 14 33.33
4 30 5 16.66
5 45 18 40
TOTAL 190 55 28.94
AVERAGE 38 11 28.94

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(6.2) Pest identification and Remedial Measures
Crop variety : Rice (Gayatri (CR-1018), Colocasia (Desi),
Pointed Gourd (Desi), Brinjal (Desi), Okra (Desi)
Stage of Crops : Rice (Vegetative stage), Colocasia (Fruit Formation Satge),
Pointed Gourd (Harvesting Stage), Brinjal (Harvesting Stage),
Okra (Harvesting Stage)
(6.2.1) Observation on different pest species
Crop Common
Name
Local Name Scientific Name Damaging Stage
of Pest
RICE CASEWORM ପାଣ୍ଡେରି ଣ୍ଡପାକ Parapoynx stagnalis Larval Stage
COLOCASIA CORM
BORER
ଣ୍ଡ ାଳି ଣ୍ଡପାକ Haplosonyx chalybaeus Grub Stage
POINTEDGOURD WHITE FLY ଗୁେି ଣ୍ଡପାକ Aleyrodidae
BRINJAL FRUIT AND
SHOOT BORER
କାେବିନ୍ଧା ଣ୍ଡପାକ Leucinodes orbonalis Larval Stage
OKRA FRUIT AND
SHOOT BORER
ଫଳବିନ୍ଧା ଣ୍ଡପାକ Earias vitella Larval Stage
(6.2.2) Observation on damage symptoms
Crop Affected
Parts
Degree of
Infestation
Symptoms
RICE Leaves Medium The white epidermis appears ladder like
because feeding of larvae on the tender
leaves.
COLOCASIA Leaves,
Stem,
Corms
Low • In leaves big drench of about 2 -
2.5 cm is found.
• They make large holes in
developing corms.
POINTEDGOURD Leaves Low • White waxy substance (Honeydew)
found covering the leaves.
• Feed the chlorophyll of leaves.
BRINJAL Shoot,
Fruit
Medium • Drooping of leaves and shedding of
flower buds.
• Holes are made by larvae inside
fruits.

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(6.2.3) Observation of control methods
Sl. No Insect Type of Control
Method Adopted
Control Measure
1 Caseworm
Chemical
LETHAL SUPER 505
2
Corm
Borer Chemical
LETHAL SUPER 505
3
Brinjal fruit and
shoot Borer Chemical
TRANSFORMER 505
DOSE:100ml/5ltrs of water
4
Okra fruit and shoot
Borer Chemical
E-MATE
DOSE: 50gm/5ltrs of water
5 White Fly Chemical
SHARP (Acetamirphid 20%)
DOSE:50gm/15 ltrs of water
(6.2.4) Observation of insecticides used by farmer
Trade name of available suitable insecticide in village local market:
• LETHAL SUPER 505
• TRANSFORMER 505
• E- MATE
• SHARP
Chemical composition and concentration:
• LETHAL SUPER 505 (Chlorpyriphos Al 50% + Cypermethrin Al 5% EC.)
• TRANSFORMER 505(Chlorpyriphos Al 50% + Cypermethrin Al 5% EC.)
• E- MATE (Emamectin Benzoate 5% SG)
• SHARP (Acetamirphid 20% EC.)
OKRA Shoot,
Fruit
Low • Drooping of leaves and shedding of
flower buds.
• Holes are made by larvae inside
fruits

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Mode of application: Spraying
Name of insecticide Doses Type of sprayer
LETHAL SUPER 505 100 ml /5ltrs of water Flat pan Nozzle sprayer
TRANSFORMER 505 100 ml /5ltrs of water Flat pan Nozzle sprayer
E- MATE 50gm / 5ltrs of Water Flat pan Nozzle sprayer
SHARP 50gm/15ltrs of water Flat pan Nozzle sprayer
(6.2.5) Control measures suggested to farmer on basis of damage
Control Measure Suggested control
measures
Adopted/not adopted
Cultural • Crop Rotation
• Soil Solarizing
• Choosing best
planting and
harvesting time
ADOPTED
Physical Hand controls where pest
attacked are destroyed to
prevent reproduction
ADOPTED
Biological • Use of genus Isaria
for controlling White
fly.
• The use of egg
parasite
Trichogramma for
shoot and fruit
borer.
NOT ADOPTED
They are not aware about
different biological control
measures.
Chemical • Chloropyriphos 20EC
for controlling rice
case worm.
• Use of Acetamiprid
for controlling white
flies.
• Chloropyriphos 20EC
and Cypermethrin 10
EC for controlling S &
F Borer.
ADOPTED

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• Use of Emamectin
Benzoate 5% SG for
controlling
lepidopteran pest.
IPM • Use of trap crops like
marigold for
controlling pest like
Fruit borer.
• Use of Traps like
Pheromone trap,
Light Trap, sticky
trap etc.
ADOPTED
NOT ADOPTED
• They are not aware
on certain traps.
• Demonstration is
done on Pheromone
trap and its useful
effects.

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7. INDIGENOUS TECHNICAL KNOWLEDGE
1. CROPS
✓ Cow Urine is used to control termite.
✓ Bael Fruit is used to control blast of rice.
✓ Neem and Begunia leaves are used to control storage grain pest.
✓ When paddy grain is covered with straw and plastered with mud then
paddy can be stored for longer time.
✓ Sowing of seed is started from Maha Bisuba Sankranti.
✓ Kerosene oil is used for control of termites in Rice Field.
2. HUMAN HEALTH
✓ Honey with Tulsi leaf is used for common cold.
✓ Bael leaf is used for stomach problem.
✓ Bermunda Grass is used for headache.
✓ Night Jasmine is used for common Cold.
✓ Neem and Karanja oil are used as mosquito repellant.
✓ Pudina Leaf is used for stomach problem.
✓ Garlic boiled with mustard oil is used for cold, joint pain.
✓ Neem leaf and bark boiled with water is used for skin disease.
3. LIVE- STOCK
✓ Cuscuta is used for stomach problem of domestic animals.
✓ Garlic boiled with neem or karanja oil is used for cold treatment.
4. RAINFALL
✓ If earthworm wriggles above the soil, then there will be sure of
rain fall.
✓ If wind blows from south to west then there will be rainfall.
✓ If birds are flying in the sky at time of sun set then there will be
rainfall.
✓ If dragon flies are flying in the sky then there will be rainfall.

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8. PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION
Problem is a condition or a situation that the people after study with or
without have decided need changing. Problem are the barrier for
achieving goals or objectives.
OBJECTIVE:
To list out the problem present in village situation
✓ For development of action plan
✓ Severity of problems
✓ Frequency of occurance
✓ Distribution of problem
PROCESS:
Identification of problem was done by discussing with the group of
farmer. All the problems in area were collected and identified democratically
through participation of village people.
The problem are given below that were being identified in the village:
• PROBLEMS FACED BY THE FARMERS OF NETUA:
SL.NO PROBLEM IDENTIFIED SUGGESTION TO FARMER
1 Mainly they buy the planting
material from private organizations
with a high price.
To follow Govt. guidelines and
buy seeds from Govt. source to
get proper subsidy for seeds or
any planting material
2 He uses local or desi varieties. To use FS, CS etc to get a higher
yield than desi variety.
3 Farmer doesn’t practice summer
ploughing.
To practice summer ploughing
for beneficial effect from it.
4 Farmer grows cauliflower seedlings
only in a low-cost poly house
structure.
To grow different crops under
protected structures as Govt.
supplies different subsidy on
protected cultivation.

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5 Soil testing is not done To go for soil testing for the
proper knowledge on the
nutrient and other ingredient
present in his soil.
6 He doesn’t practice Green
Manuring.
To be trained about the
beneficial effect of Green
manure and green leaf manure.
7 He doesn’t spray weedicides on the
field. He mainly practices manual
hand weeding.
To be trained about different
types of herbicides so that the
labour he implies would be
reduced.
8 He is unaware about the mulching
practice and benefits from it.
To be trained about different
mulching practice so that he
can be benefited from the yield
and weed aspects.
9 He sells their yield to the
middleman where he couldn’t get
proper price of its yield.
To sell to the Govts. Farmers
market where he could directly
sell his goods to the consumers
in a better price.
10 Unavailability of proper storage
facilities for the farmer’s harvest.
11 Marketing Facilities are improper,
less markets a too problematic for
the farmers to sell their yield

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9. ACTION PLAN OF VILLAGE NETUA
1. PLAN FOR CROP FIELD
✓ Shifting of traditional method of rice cultivation to SRI method.
✓ Balanced fertilizer application.
✓ Soil testing for judicious fertilizer management.
✓ Proper drainage facility.
✓ Integrated pest and disease management.
2. PLAN FOR WASTELAND
✓ Growing of plantation crops like cashew nut, date palm and fruit
trees like mango, guava, pineapple etc.
✓ Development of dairy and poultry farm can be profitable in
wasteland condition.
3. PLAN FOR HOMESTEAD
✓ Gobar gas plant and vermicompost pit can be prepared.
✓ Adoption of mushroom cultivation.
✓ Small poultry unit with 6-10 birds.
4. PLAN FOR YOUTH AND WOMEN
✓ Formation of SHG to generate additional income.
✓ Vocational training programme for SHG.
✓ Mushroom cultivation and apiary unit can be started.
✓ Various cottage industry skills.
✓ Poultry and dairy production.
✓ Formation of more youth club by rural unemployed youth.

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10. RURAL ECONOMICS
(10.1.1) FACILITIES AND SERVICE:
❖ POST OFFICE: CHOTTY (5kms)
❖ POLICESTATION: CHOTTY (4 kms)
❖ BANK: GRAMINA BANK, CHATTA (2kms)
❖ SCHOOL: NETUA U.P SCHOOL, NETUA
❖ COLLEGE: DERABISH COLLEGE, DERABISH (2.3Kms)
❖ HOSPITAL: CHATTA GOVT. HEALTHCARE (1.8Kms)
❖ ANGABDABI: NETUA (1)
(10.1.2) VILLAGE DEMOGRAPHY:
❖ FAMILY CLASSIFICATION:
❖ POPULATION
❖ HYDROLOGICAL SOURCE:
SL.NO OCCUPATION NO. OF FAMILIES INVOLVED
1 FARMING/ AGRICULTURE 243
2 GOVT.JOBS 110
3 PRIVATE SECTOR 32
4 AGRI LABOURS 15
5 BUISNESS 3
TOTAL 403
SEX TOTAL NO. % OF POPULATION
MALE 1120 54.63%
FEMALE 930 45.36
TOTAL 2050 100%
SL.NO SOURCE NO. OF AVALIABLE SOURCE
1 CANAL 1
2 BOREWELL 5
3 POND 2

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❖ AGRO-BASED INDUSTRIES:
SL.NO AGRO-BASED INDUSTRY AVALIABLE IN VILLAGE NEAREST AREA
1 RICE MILL NO CHATTA (1.3Kms)
2 FLOUR MILL NO CHATTA (2 Kms)
3 OIL MILL NO TINIMUHANI (8Kms)
(10.1.3) MARKET FACILITIES
SL.NO MARKET TYPE AVALIABLE
IN VILLAGE
NEAREAST
PLACE
DISTANCE
1 WEEKLY HAAT NO NIKIREI 4.5Kms
2 REGULATED MARKET NO KENDRAPARA 16 Kms
3 DAILY NEED YES CHATTA 2 Kms
4 MANDI NO DERABISH 1.5Kms
FACILITATORS:
SURESH MAHAPARTA
KESAB CHANDRA SAHOO
JAGABANDHU MAHAPATRA

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(10.2) FARM PLAN
DEFINATION:
A farm plan is a document developed by year conserved on district and the farmer or
landowner. It is a series of actions developed to meet a farmer good while protesting water
quality and natural resources.
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD FARM PLAN:
✓ It includes most profitable crops as well as some legumes to maintain the fertility of
the soil.
✓ It offers balanced combination of crops and livestock enterprise to maximize profit.
✓ It fulfils the farm and family requirement of the farmers.
✓ It provides a regular employment and income to the farm family.
✓ It is flexible enough to take advantages obtaining new technology and source of
power.
✓ It keeps in timely accusation and repayment of farm credits.
✓ Risks and uncertainty can be accounted for in a good Farm Plan.
SCARE RESOURCES AND CONSTRAINS:
✓ Land: All the land is divided into different enterprise basing on the location,
topography, soil type, fertility, drainage and so on that affect enterprise in many
ways.
✓ Labour: On subsistence farms the farmer and his family contributes labour which
should be rewarded. In commercial farms, hired labourers are major component of
cost for which special attention to be taken.
✓ Capital: Fixed capital, like buildings machines or circulatory capital like cash in hand
or in bank, is very powerful constrains.
✓ Crop Rotation: Crop rotations serve in maintain soil fertility and help controlling pest
and diseases.
✓ Alternative choices: Various enterprises, crop and livestock’s can be considered to
attain the objectives. A compressive list and different alternative enterprises can be
prepared.
STEPS OF FARM PLAN:
✓ Farm map preparation.
✓ Collecting past records of the farm.
✓ Assessment of human labour requirement.
✓ Planning for land use and soil conservation measures.
✓ Planning for other enterprises.
✓ Marketing plan of produce.

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(10.2.1) HOST FARMER (I)
❖ NAME OF FARMER: Suresh Mahapatra
❖ FATHER’S NAME: Jagabandhu Mahapatra
❖ VILLAGE: NETUA
❖ BLOCK: DERABISH
❖ FAMILY PARICULARS:
❖ ASSET POSITION
❖ LOANS
SL.NO NAME OF
INSTITUTION
TYPE
OF
LOAN
PURPOSE YR. OF
TAKING
LOAN
AMOUNT NO. OF
INSTALLMENTS
INSTALLMENT
PAID
REMAINING
INSTALLMENTS
NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
1 Suresh Mahapatra HOST FARMER MALE 42 10TH
PASS
2 Monaja Mahapatra WIFE FEMALE 38 10TH
PASS
3 Jagabandhu Mahapatra FATHER MALE 88 8TH
PASS
4 Ramani Mahapatra MOTHER FEMALE 75 7TH
PASS
5 Srinivas Mahapatra BROTHER MALE 54 B.ED. PASS
6 Tulasi Rout SISTER-IN-LAW FEMALE 48 B.ED PASS
7 Akash Mahapatra Nephew MALE 24 B.Sc PASS
8 Arpita Mahapatra Niece FEMALE 14 9TH
CLASS
9 Arjita Mahapatra Daughter FEMALE 13 8TH
CLASS
10 Arab Mahapatra Son MALE 8 3RD
CLASS
SL.NO PARTICULARS YR. OF
PURCHASE
/CONSTRUCTION
NO. OF EXISTING VALUE
(In Rs)
1 RESIDENTAL HOME 2005 1 1.5 lakhs
2 MOTORCYCLE 2012 1 45,000
3 WATER PUMP 2013 1 15,000
4 PADDY THRESHER 2012 1 6000
5 SICKLE 2007 12 28/sickle
6 PHAWRAH 2008 6 150/phawrah
7 AXE 2007 3 100/axe

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❖ OWNLAND PARTICULARS
SL.NO TYPE OF LAND AREA (In Ha)
1 UPLAND 0.6
2 LOWLAND 2
3 MEDIUM LAND 0.8
TOTAL 3.4
❖ LAND PARTICULARS:
✓ OWNLAND: 3.4Ha
✓ LEASED IN: Nil
✓ LEASED OUT: Nil
❖ CROPPING PATTERN:
SEASON CROP AREA
KHARIF RICE (Gayatri CR1018) 2 Ha
RICE (Dhani) 1.7 Ha
RABI GREEN GRAM (PD – 54) 1.2 Ha
SUMMER COLOCASIA ( DESI VAR.) 0.3 Ha
POINTEDGOURD(Desi VAR.) 0.2 Ha
TOTAL OPERATIONAL AREA = 3.4 Ha
CROPPING INTENSITY =
𝑮𝑹𝑶𝑺𝑺𝑬𝑫 𝑪𝑹𝑶𝑷 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨
𝑵𝑬𝑻 𝑪𝑼𝑳𝑻𝑰𝑽𝑨𝑻𝑬𝑫 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎%
=
𝟓.𝟒
𝟑.𝟒
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 𝟏𝟓𝟗%
(10.2.2) EXISTING PLAN
APPENDIX
COST OF CULTIVATION OF RICE [GAYATRI (CR 1018)] ACCORDING TO COST CONCEPT
(In Rs)
Plant
Protection
Rs 1000

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Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMMER,
MOP)
UREA-65kg
GROMMER- 107kg
MOP- 50kg
Rs 390/65KG UREA
Rs2890/107KG GROMMER
Rs 800/50KG MOP
Rs 4080
Hired human
labour
TRANSPLANTING----------------------8 NOS
AND FERTILIZER
HARVESTING---------------------------10NOS
BAGGING AND OTHER----------------7NOS
Rs 1500
Rs 1800
Rs 2400
Rs 900
Rs 2100
Rs 3000
Rs 2100
Rs 13800
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 1500
Land revenue Rs 310
TOTAL Rs 27,790
Cost A1 = Rs 27,790
Cost A2 = Cost A1 + rent paid for leased-in land.
= Rs 27,790 + NILL = Rs 27,790
Cost B1 = Cost A1+ interest on value of owned capital assets (excluding land).
= Rs 27,790 + NILL = Rs 27,790
Cost B2 = Cost B1+ rental value of owned land (net of land revenue)
= Rs 27,790 + Rs 310 = Rs 28,100
Cost C1 = Cost B1 + Imputed value of Family labour.
= Rs 27,790 + Rs 900 = Rs 28,690
= Rs 28,100 + Rs 900 = Rs 29,000
COST OF CULTIVATION FOR 2 Ha OF LAND (GAYATRI CR-1018) is Rs 58,000
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/2Ha QUANTITY/2Ha
MAIN YIELD (GRAINS) Rs 186,800 10,000 kg (100 qtl), Rs 1868/qtl
BY PRODUCT (STRAW) Rs 8000
TOTAL Rs 194,800

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INCOME = Rs 194,800
EXPENDITURE = Rs 58,000
NET INCOME = Rs 194,800 – Rs 58,000 = Rs 136,800
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟓𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎
= 𝟑. 𝟑𝟓
COST OF CULTIVATION OF RICE (DHANI Var.) ACCORDING TO COST CONCEPT
(In Rs)
Plant
Protection
Rs 1000
Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMOR,
MOP)
N(Urea)-62kg
N&P(Gromor)-110kg
K(MOP)-50kg
Rs 372/62KG UREA
Rs2970/110KG GROMOR
Rs 800/50KG MOP
Rs 4142
Hired human
labour
FIELD PREPARATION- -----------------5NOS
TRANSPLANTING-----------------------8 NOS
AND FERTILIZER
HARVESTING---------------------------10NOS
BAGGING AND STORAGE------------7NOS
Rs 1500
Rs 1800
Rs 2400
Rs 900
Rs 2100
Rs 3000
Rs 2100
Rs 13800
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 1500
Land Revenue Rs 310
TOTAL Rs 28,252
Cost A1 = Rs 28,252
= Rs 28,252+ NILL = Rs 28,252
= Rs 28,252 + NILL = Rs 28,252

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= Rs 28,252 + Rs 310 = Rs 28,562
= Rs 28,252+ Rs 900 = Rs 29,152
= Rs 28,562 + Rs 900 = Rs 29,462
COST OF CULTIVATION OF RICE (DHANI var.) FOR 1.7 Ha OF LAND is Rs 50,085
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/1.7 Ha QUANTITY/1.7 Ha
TOTAL Rs 150,836
= Rs 150,836 – Rs 50,085 = Rs 100,751
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟓𝟎, 𝟖𝟑𝟔
𝑹𝒔 𝟓𝟎, 𝟎𝟖𝟓
= 𝟑. 𝟎𝟏
COST OF CULTIVATION OF Green Gram (PD-54)
(In Rs)
Plant
Protection
Rs 500
Fertilizer
(DAP, MOP)
N&P(DAP) = 90 kg
K(MOP)-35kg
Rs 2070/90KG DAP
Rs 560/35KG MOP Rs 2630

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Hired human
labour
SEED SOWING -------------------------3NOS
AND FERTILIZER
WEEDING AND INTERCULTURE-- --5 NOS
HARVESTING----------------------------5 NOS
Rs 900
Rs 900
Rs 900
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 1200
Rs 6900
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 600
Land Revenue Rs 310
TOTAL Rs 15,640
Cost A1 = Rs 15,640
= Rs 15,640+ NILL = Rs 15,640
= Rs 15,640 + NILL = Rs 15,640
= Rs 15,640 + Rs 310 = Rs 15,950
= Rs 15,640+ Rs 900 = Rs 16,540
= Rs 15,950 + Rs 900 = Rs 16,850
COST OF CULTIVATION OF Green Gram (PD-54) FOR 1.2 Ha is Rs 20,220
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/1.2 Ha QUANTITY/1.2 Ha
MAIN YIELD Rs 80,000 10 qtl ; Rs 80/Kg
TOTAL Rs 80,000

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= Rs 80,000 – Rs 20,220 = Rs 59,780
𝑹𝒔 𝟖𝟎, 𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟐𝟎, 𝟐𝟐𝟎
= 𝟑. 𝟗𝟓
➢ COST OF CULTIVATION OF COLOCASIA
Cost A1 = Rs 52,708
= Rs 52,708+ NILL = Rs 52,708
= 52,708 + NILL = Rs 52,708
➢ EXPENDITURE QUANTITY & RATE/Ha COST
(Rs)/1Ha
1. Inputs (1 ha)
a. Planting material (Cormels) 1500kg/ha; Rs12/kg Rs 18,000
c. Fertilizers
GROMOR
UREA
MOP
89kg/ha; Rs 1350/50kg
120kg/ha; Rs 271/45kg
167kg/ha; Rs 800/50kg
Rs 2403
Rs 723
Rs 2672
g. Others Rs 1000
3. Weeding, earthing up, training, pruning etc. 7 Man; Rs 300/day;
For 3days
Rs 6300
7. Land Revenue Rs 310

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= Rs 52,708 + Rs 310 = Rs 53,018
= Rs 52,708 + Rs 900 = Rs 53,608
= Rs 53,018 + Rs 900 = Rs 53,918
COST OF CULTIVATION FOR 0.3Ha OF LAND = Rs 16,175
❖ RETURNS:
RATE QUANTITY/0.3Ha
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 22/kg 33q/0.3Ha
TOTAL Rs 72,600
INCOME = Rs 72,600
𝑹𝒔 𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟔𝟏𝟕𝟓
= 𝟒. 𝟒𝟖
➢ COST OF CULTIVATION OF POINTED GOURD
EXPENDITURE QUANTITY & RATE COST
(Rs)/1ha
1. Inputs (1 ha)
a. Planting material (Root Suckers) 120kg/ha; Rs150/kg Rs 18,000
c. Fertilizers
GROMOR
UREA
MOP
214 kg/ha; Rs 1350/50kg
65 kg/ha; Rs 271/45kg
100 kg/ha; Rs 800/50kg
Rs 5,778
Rs 391
Rs 1600
g. Others Rs 1000

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3. Weeding, earthing up, training, pruning
etc.
10 Man; Rs 300/day; For3days Rs 9000
7 . Land revenue Rs310
Cost A1 = Rs 71,979
= Rs 71,979 + NILL = Rs 71,979
= Rs 71,979 + NILL = Rs 71,979
= Rs 71,979 + Rs 310 = Rs 72,289
= Rs 71,979 + Rs 900 = Rs 72,879
= Rs 72,289 + Rs 900 = Rs 73,189
COST OF CULTIVATION FOR 0.2Ha OF LAND =14,638
❖ RETURNS:
RATE QUANTITY/0.2
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 25/kg 20q/0.2Ha
TOTAL Rs 50,000
INCOME = Rs 50,000
𝑩𝑬𝑵𝑰𝑭𝑰𝑻 𝑪𝑶𝑺𝑻 𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶
𝑹𝒔𝟓𝟎𝟎𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔𝟏𝟒𝟔𝟑𝟖
= 𝟑. 𝟒𝟏

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(10.2.3) ALTERNATE PLAN
APPENDIX
COST OF CULTIVATION OF KALA CHAMPA ACCORDING TO COST CONCEPT
(In Rs)
Seed 60kg Rs 35/KG Rs 2,100
Plant
Protection
Rs 700
Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMMER,
MOP)
UREA-104kg
DAP- 65kg
MOP- 50kg
Rs 625/104KG UREA
Rs1625/65KG DAP
Rs 800/50KG MOP
Rs 3050
Hired human
labour
TRANSPLANTING---------------------2 NOS
AND FERTILIZER
HARVESTING---------------------------10NOS
Rs 900
Rs 1200
Rs 600
Rs 900
Rs 1500
Rs 3000
Rs 2400
Rs 9300
Machinery
labour (hired)
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 1500
Land revenue Rs 310
TOTAL Rs 20,860
Cost A1 = Rs 20,860
= Rs 20,860 + NILL = Rs 20,860
= Rs 20,860 + NILL = Rs 20,860
= Rs 20,860 + Rs 310 = Rs 21,170

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= Rs 20,860 + Rs 900 = Rs 21,760
= Rs 21,170 + Rs 900 = Rs 22,070
COST OF CULTIVATION FOR 2 Ha OF LAND (KALA CHAMPA) is Rs 44,140
❖ RETURNS:
RATE/2Ha QUANTITY/2Ha
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 196,140 (105 qtl), Rs 1868/qtl
BY PRODUCT Rs 8000
TOTAL Rs 204,140
INCOME = Rs 204,140
NET INCOME = Rs 204,140 – Rs 44,140= Rs 160,000
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝟖𝟎𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟓𝟖𝟎𝟎𝟎
= 𝟒. 𝟔𝟐
COST OF CULTIVATION OF MUSHROOM
(A)Fixed Expenditure on Paddy straw Mushroom
REQUIREMENT QUANTITY RATE/UNIT (IN Rs) TOTAL PRICE (IN
Rs)
25’ ×12’ = 300sq.ft
thatened house. (Made of
10-12 bricks with 2-3 layers
with layer 6 nos bed.
e.g. 60×2 = 120 Beds
1 60/sq.ft 18,000
Straw Immersion Tank 1 18/cub.ft 864
Small Pump Set 1 3000 3000
Sprayer 1 2000 2000
Chaff Cutter 2 90 180
Bamboo for Shelf 30 35 1050
TOTAL COST Rs 25,094

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(B) RECURING EXPENDITURE FOR PADDY STRAW MUSHROOM
REQUIREMENT QUANTITY RATE/UNIT (IN Rs) TOTAL PRICE
(IN Rs)
White straw for 120 beds. 1,800
Spawn Bottle 120 15/bottle 1800
Wheat Powder, husk 15kg +15 kg 30/KG WHEAT POWDER
12/KG HUSK
630
Labour (1/2 days× 𝟏𝟒) 7 days Rs300/day 2100
Other Cost
(Chemical, Polythene)
153
TOTAL COST Rs 6483
TOTAL COST = Rs 6483 / MONTHLY
FOR 12 MONTHS = Rs 77,796
TOTAL COST = Rs 25,094 + Rs 77,796
= Rs 1,02,890
INCOME FROM MUSHROOM
PADDY STRAW MUSHROOM = 1.5kg/bed
Or TOTAL YIELD FROM 120 BEDS = 180 kg
FOR I YEAR YIELD = 180kg × 12 = 2160 kg
INCOME FOR 1 YR
IF (MSP Rs 80/kg) = 2160kg × 80 = Rs 1,72,800
NET PROFIT = Rs 1,72,800 – Rs 1,02,890 = Rs 69,910

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(10.2.4) HOUSEHOLD BUDGETING
Name of the Host Farmer I: Suresh Mahapatra
Age: 42
Name of the village and District: Netua; Kendrapara
Block: Derabish
Family Particulars
EXPENDITURE:
SL.NO NAME GENDER AGE RELATION TO
HOST FARMER
OCCUPATION ANNUAL
INCOME
1 Suresh Mahapatra Male 42 Host Farmer Farming Rs 548,236
2 Monaja Mahapatra Female 38 Wife Home Maker NIL
3 Jagabandhu Mahapatra Male 88 Father Farming NIL
4 Ramani Mahapatra Female 75 Mother Home Maker NIL
5 Srinivas Mahapatra Male 54 Elder Brother Govt. Service Rs 550,038
6 Tulasi Rout Female 48 Sister-in-Law Govt. Service Rs 569,822
7 Akash Mahapatra Male 24 Nephew Student NIL
8 Arpita Mahapatra Female 14 Niece Student NIL
9 Arjita Mahapatra Female 13 Daughter Student NIL
10 Arab Mahapatra Male 8 Son Student NIL
SL.NO Expenditure Expenditure/year % of Total
1 FARMING Rs 170,000 19.83%
2 EDUCATION Rs 250,000 33.06%
3 FOOD Rs 75,000 9.91%
4 HEALTH Rs 50,000 6.61%
5 CLOTHING Rs 25,000 3.30%
6 ELECTRICITY Rs 6,070 0.80%
7 COMFORTS Rs 150,000 19.83%
8 OTHERS Rs 50,000 6.61%
TOTAL EXPENDITURE Rs 776,070 100%

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Annual Income:
• From Agriculture and allied sectors:
From Main product: Rs 533,236
From By product: Rs 15,000
• From Govt jobs., Service: Rs 1,119,860/an
___________________________________
Total Income per year = Rs 1,668,096
Total Expenditure Per Year: Rs 776,070
Surplus: Rs 1,668,096 - Rs 776,070
= Rs 892,026
Conclusion: They are spending their income on educating their children
followed by equal investment on comforts and farming activities.

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(10.2.5) HOST FARMER (II)
❖ NAME OF FARMER: KESAB CHANDRA SAHOO
❖ FATHER’S NAME: Late GAGAN CHANDRA SAHOO
❖ VILLAGE: NETUA
❖ BLOCK: DERABISH
❖ FAMILY PARICULARS:
❖ ASSET POSITION
❖ LOANS
SL.NO NAME OF
INSTITUTION
TYPE
OF
LOAN
PURPOSE YR. OF
TAKING
LOAN
AMOUNT NO. OF
INSTALLMENTS
INSTALLMENT
PAID
REMAINING
INSTALLMENTS
NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL
1 KESAB CHANDRA SAHOO (H.F) HOST FARMER MALE 55 10TH
PASS
2 MINAKHI SAHOO WIFE FEMALE 48 10TH
PASS
3 LATE GAGAN CHANDRA SAHOO FATHER MALE ------ ------------
4 RUKMUNI SAHOO MOTHER FEMALE 72 7TH
PASS
5 SANTOSH CHANDRA SAHOO BROTHER MALE 45 B.ED. PASS
6 BIRAJA SAHOO SISTER-IN-LAW FEMALE 40 12TH
PASS
7 SUBHAM KUMAR SAHOO SON MALE 20 B.Sc PASS
8 JAYASHREE SAHOO DAUGHTER FEMALE 16 10TH
CLASS
9 SATYAM SAHOO NEPHEW MALE 10 3RD
CLASS
SL.NO PARTICULARS YR. OF
PURCHASE
/CONSTRUCTION
NO. OF EXISTING VALUE
(In Rs)
1 RESIDENTAL HOME 2001 1 1.5 lakhs
2 CATTLE SHED 2003 1 20,000
3 MOTORCYCLE 2012 1 45,000
4 SCOOTER 2005 1 10,000
5 POWER TILLER 2011 1 22,000
6 TROLLEY 2010 1 4,000
7 SICKLE 2009 6 35/sickle
8 PHAWRAH 2008 4 150/phawrah
9 AXE 2010 2 100/axe

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❖ ANIMALS
SL.NO TYPES NO. OF VALUE (In Rs)
1 COW 12 8,000×12 = 96,000
❖ OWNLAND PARTICULARS
SL.NO TYPE OF LAND AREA (In Acres)
1 UPLAND 2
2 LOWLAND 1
❖ LAND PARTICULARS:
✓ OWNLAND: 3 Acre (1.2 ha)
✓ LEASED IN: ------------
✓ LEASED OUT: -------------
❖ CROPPING PATTERN:
SEASON CROP AREA
KHARIF RICE (Swarna Sub 1) 1 Acre
Brinjal (Utkal Keshari BB26) 2 Acre
RABI Nil
SUMMER Nil
TOTAL GROSSED CROPPED AREA = 3 Acre (1.2 Ha)
CROPPING INTENSITY =
𝑻𝑶𝑻𝑨𝑳 𝑮𝑹𝑶𝑺𝑺𝑬𝑫 𝑪𝑹𝑶𝑷 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨
𝑻𝑶𝑻𝑨𝑳 𝑶𝑷𝑬𝑹𝑨𝑻𝑰𝑶𝑵𝑨𝑳 𝑨𝑹𝑬𝑨
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎%
=
𝟑
𝟑
× 𝟏𝟎𝟎% = 𝟏𝟎𝟎%
(10.2.6) EXISTING PLAN
APPENDIX
COST OF CULTIVATION OF SWARNA RICE FOR 1 Acre ACCORDING TO COST CONCEPT
PARTICULARS QUANTITY RATE COST
(In Rs)
Seed 20 KG Rs 22/KG Rs 440
Plant
Protection
Rs 500

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Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMMER,
MOP)
UREA-26kg
GROMMER- 43kg
MOP- 20kg
Rs 156 /26KG UREA
Rs1161/43KG GROMMER
Rs 320/20KG MOP
Rs 1637
Hired human
labour
TRANSPLANTING----------------------5NOS
APPLICATION OF FYM--------------- 2NOS
AND FERTILIZER
WEEDING AND INTERCULTURE----5NOS
HARVESTING----------------------------5NOS
BAGGING AND STORAGE------ ------5NOS
Rs 1500
Rs 900
Rs 1500
Rs 600
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 9000
Machinery
labour (hired)
USED FOR 2 HRS Rs 800/hr Rs 1,600
Irrigation
charges
Rs 300/hr Rs 500
Land revenue Rs 124
Depriciation
(on fixed
capital)
Rs 1778
TOTAL Rs 16,279
Cost A1 = Rs 16,279
= Rs 16,279 + NILL = Rs 16,279
= Rs 16,279 + NILL = Rs 16,279
= Rs 16,279 + Rs 124 = Rs 16,403
= Rs 16,279 + Rs 600 = Rs 16,879
= Rs 16,403 + Rs 600 = Rs 17,003

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❖ RETURNS:
RATE QUANTITY
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 28,020 1500 kg (15 qtl), Rs 1868/qtl
BY PRODUCT Rs 2000
TOTAL Rs 30,020
INCOME = Rs 30,020
COST OF CULTIVATION OF BRINJAL (UTKAL KESHARI BB26) ACCORDING TO COST
CONCEPT
PARTICULARS QUANTITY/Acre RATE/Acre COST /Acre
(In Rs)
Seed 70gm Rs 95/5gm seeds Rs 1,330
Insecticides
and pesticides
Rs 1,000
Fertilizer
(UREA,
GROMMER,
MOP)
UREA-44kg
GROMMER- 143kg
MOP- 33kg
Rs 264 /44KG UREA
Rs 3861/143KG GROMMER
Rs 528/33KG MOP
Rs 4,650
Hired human
labour
CLEANING FIELDS- -------------------------2NOS
APPLICATION OF COMPOST-------------2NOS
NURSERY BED SEED TREATMENT------1NOS
NURSERY MANAGEMENT--------------- 2NOS
SEEDLING TREATMENT, PLANTING
& WATERING-------------------------------4NOS
IRRIGATION----------------------------------2NOS
INTERCULTURE-----------------------------5NOS
APPLICATION OF FERTILIZER &
MICRONUTRIENT---------------------------2NOS
APPLICATION OF PGR---------------------2NOS
HARVESTING-------------------------------10NOS
Rs 600
Rs 600
Rs 300
Rs 600
Rs 1,200
Rs 600
Rs 1,500
Rs 600
Rs 600
Rs 3,000
Rs 9,600
Machinery
labour (hired)
Used for 2 hours RS 800/1hr Rs 1600
Irrigation Rs 300/hr Rs 1,000
Land revenue Rs 124
Depriciation
(on fixed
capital)
Rs 1778
TOTAL Rs 21,782

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Cost A1 = Rs 21,782
= Rs 21,782 + NILL = Rs 21,782
= Rs 21,782 + NILL= Rs 21,782
= Rs 21,782 + Rs 124 = Rs 21,906
= Rs 21,782 + Rs 600 = Rs 22,382
= Rs 21,906 + Rs 600 = Rs 22,506
For 2 Acre the expenditure cost would be Rs 45,012
❖ RETURNS:
RATE QUANTITY
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 1,80,000 9000 kg (90 qtl), Rs 20/kg
BY PRODUCT -------------- --------------------------
TOTAL Rs 1,80,000
INCOME = Rs 1,80,000
NET INCOME = Rs 1,80,000 – Rs 45,012 = Rs 1,34,988

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COST A ND RETURN FROM ANIMAL HUSBANDARY
PARTICULARS EXPENDITURE COST RETURN
COW (12)
COST OF A COW = Rs 8000
DAILY COST OF FEEDING
CONE FEED(1kg/DAY/COW) = Rs20
RICEHUL 1 TIN/DAY/COW) = Rs20
TOTAL = Rs 40
COST OF MEDICIENE/DAY/COW = Rs 25
TOTAL EXPENDITURE /DAY =
RS 40 + Rs 25 = Rs 65
TOTAL EXPENDITURE /ANNUM/COW =
Rs 65×365= Rs 23,975
TOTAL EXPENDITURE FOR 12 COWS =
Rs 3,83,700
DAILY MILK 4LTR/DAY
PER YR MILK PRODUCTION = 365×4 = 1460 ltr
PRICE OF MILK OF A COW/YR=1460×40 = Rs58,400
FROM COWDUNG/YEAR = Rs 1000
PRICE OF CALF = Rs2000
TOTAL RETURN FROM A COW/YR = Rs61,400
TOTAL RETURN FROM 12 COW /YR = RS 7,36,800
TOTAL INCOME FROM ALL ASPECTS:
Rs 30,020 + Rs 1,80,000 + Rs 736,800
= Rs 946,820
TOTAL EXPENDITURE OF ALL ASPECTS:
Rs 17,003 + Rs 45,012 + Rs 383,700
= Rs 445,715
GROSS PROFIT = Rs 946,820 – Rs 445,715 = Rs 501,105
BENEFIT: COST RATIO =
𝑹𝒔 𝟗𝟒𝟔𝟖𝟐𝟎
𝑹𝒔 𝟒𝟒𝟓𝟕𝟏𝟓
=2.12

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(10.2.7) ALTERNATE PLAN
COST OF CULTIVATION OF LALAT RICE VARIETY FOR 1 Acre ACCORDING TO COST CONCEPT
PARTICULARS QUANTITY RATE COST
(In Rs)
Seed 15 KG Rs 20/ KG Rs 300
Insecticides and
pesticides
Rs 500
Fertilizer (UREA,
GROMMER, MOP)
UREA- 42kg
DAP- 26kg
MOP- 20 kg
Rs 252 /42KG UREA
Rs 637/26KG DAP
Rs 320/20KG MOP
Rs 1,209
Hired human labour
BED PREPARATION- ------------------2NOS
NURSERY DEVEOLPMENT-----------3NOS
TRANSPLANTING----------------------5NOS
APPLICATION OF FYM--------------- 2NOS
AND FERTILIZER
WEEDING AND INTERCULTURE----5NOS
HARVESTING----------------------------5NOS
Rs 600
Rs 900
Rs 1500
Rs 600
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 1500
Rs 8,100
Machinery labour
(hired)
USED FOR 2 HR RS 800/1HR Rs 800
Irrigation Rs 300/hr Rs 500
Land revenue Rs 124
Depreciation (On fixed
capital)
RS 1778
TOTAL Rs 14,011
Cost A1 = Rs 14,011
= Rs 14,011+ NILL = Rs 14,011
= Rs 14,011 + NILL = Rs 14,011
= Rs 14,011 + Rs 124 = Rs 14,135
= Rs 14,011+ Rs 600 = Rs 14,611

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= Rs 14,135+ Rs 600 = Rs 14,735
❖ RETURNS:
RATE QUANTITY
MAIN PRODUCT Rs 29,888 1600 kg (16 qtl), Rs 1868/qtl
BY PRODUCT Rs 2000 ------------------------------------
TOTAL Rs 31,888
INCOME = Rs 31,888
NET PROFIT = Rs 31,888 – Rs 14,735 = Rs 17,153
BENEFIT: COST RATIO =
𝑹𝒔 𝟑𝟏𝟖𝟖𝟖
𝑹𝒔 𝟏𝟒𝟕𝟑𝟓
= 𝟐. 𝟏𝟔

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(10.2.8) HOUSEHOLD BUDGETING
Name of the Host Farmer (II): Kesab Chandra Sahoo
Age: 55
Name of the village and District: Netua; Kendrapara
Block: Derabish
Family Particulars
Expenditure:
SL.NO Expenditure Expenditure/year % of Total
1 FARMING Rs 100,000 29.14%
2 EDUCATION Rs 50,000 14.57%
3 FOOD Rs 55,000 16.02%
4 HEALTH Rs 50,000 14.57%
5 CLOTHING Rs 25,000 7.28%
6 ELECTRICITY Rs 3,130 0.91%
7 COMFORTS Rs 10,000 2.91%
8 OTHERS Rs 50,000 14.57%
TOTAL EXPENDITURE Rs 343,130 100%
SL.NO NAME GENDER AGE RELATION TO
HOST FARMER
OCCUPATION ANNUAL
INCOME
1 KESAB CHANDRA SAHOO (H.F) MALE 55 HOST FARMER Farming Rs 946,820
2 MINAKHI SAHOO FEMALE 48 WIFE House Wife NIL
3 LATE GAGAN CHANDRA
SAHOO
MALE -----
-
FATHER ----------- NIL
4 RUKMUNI SAHOO FEMALE 72 MOTHER House Wife NIL
5 SANTOSH CHANDRA SAHOO MALE 45 BROTHER Govt. Service Rs 450,650
6 BIRAJA SAHOO FEMALE 40 SISTER-IN-
LAW
House Wife NIL
7 SUBHAM KUMAR SAHOO MALE 20 SON Student NIL
8 JAYASHREE SAHOO FEMALE 16 DAUGHTER Student NIL
9 SATYAM SAHOO MALE 10 NEPHEW Student NIL

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