Chest physiotherapy involves techniques like percussion, vibration, and postural drainage to mobilize pulmonary secretions in patients who have difficulty coughing. The goals are to move secretions to central airways using gravity and then eliminate them by coughing or suctioning. Common techniques include postural drainage, percussion, vibration, and the active cycle of breathing technique. Chest physiotherapy is often used to treat conditions that cause excess secretions like cystic fibrosis.

1. Ms. Amandeep Kaur
Nursing Tutor
MMCON

2. • Definition:
 Chest physiotherapy (CPT) is a group of therapies for
mobilizing pulmonary secretions. These therapies
include chest percussion, vibration and postural
drainage.
 CPT is followed by productive coughing or suctioning
of a patient who has a decreased ability to cough.
 This is helpful especially for patients with large amount
of secretions or ineffective cough.
 Any or all of these techniques may be performed in
conjunction with medicinal aerosol therapy (i. e.,
bronchodilators or mucolytics).

3. The goals of CPT are :
 To move bronchial secretions to the central
airways via gravity,
 Eliminate secretions by cough or aspiration
with a catheter.
Improved mobilization of bronchial secretions
contributes to improved ventilation-perfusion
matching and the normalization of the
functional residual capacity.

4. EQUIPMENT:
1) Oxygen mask .
2 ) Emesis basin or sputum cup .
3 ) Pulse oximeter .
4 ) Tissues
5) Pillows

5. 1. Airway clearance techniques
2. Facilitating airway clearance technique with
effective coughing techniques
3. Technique to facilitate ventilation pattern
4. Mobilization and Exercises

6. 1. Postural drainage
2. Percussion
3. Vibration/shaking
4. Manual hyperinflation
5. Active cycle of breathing technique
6. Autogenic drainage
7. Positive expiratory pressure
8. High frequency chest compression
9. Exercises for airway clearance

7. It is getting in positions that make it easier for mucus to
drain. Chest physiotherapy is gently "clapping" parts
of the body to remove mucus from the lungs. They are
often used together in conditions such as cystic fibrosis
or a spinal cord injury (SCI) to help loosen and remove
mucus from the lungs. When mucus collects in your
lungs, it increases your risk for lung infections, such as
pneumonia.

8. 1. Cystic fibrosis
2. Atelectasis
3. Asthama
4. Respiratpry muscle weakness
5. Bronchiectasis
6. Mechanical ventilation
7. Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

9. 1. Intracranial pressure (ICP) > 20 mm Hg
2. Head and neck injury until stabilized
3. Active hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability
4. Recent spinal surgery (e.g. : laminectomy) or acute
spinal injury
5. Active hemoptysis Empyema
6. Broncho-pleural fistula
7. Large pleural effusions
8. Pulmonary embolism
9. Aged, confused, or anxious patients
10. Rib fracture: with or without flail chest
11. Surgical wound or healing tissue

13. General instructions for chest physiotherapy and
postural drainage.
Be sure patient’s back is covered. Wear a shirt or
blouse, or cover his/her back with a towel.
Hold each position for 5 minutes to help the mucus
drain from the lungs.
For each position, claps the patient’s back quickly and
rhythmically.
During claps, you should hear a hollow sound. If you
hear a slapping, it means the hand is not cupped
enough.
Do not clap over the spine.

31. Hyperinflation therapy (HIT) is a very common
therapy performed on patients who are suffering
from some sort of respiratory distress. The therapy
involves applying volumes greater than normal to
re inflate the collapsed alveoli in the lungs. There
are many different techniques used to administer
hyperinflation therapy. The respiratory therapist
typically decides which method is best for each
patient.

32.  Breathing control
 Thoracic expansion
 FET (Forced Expiratory Technique)

33. Autogenic drainage is a respiratory self-drainage
technique that utilizes controlled expiatory airflow (tidal
breathing) to mobilize secretions. It consists of three
phases:
1.Loosening peripheral secretions by breathing at low
lung volumes (slow, deep air movement)
2.Collecting secretions from central airways by breathing
at low to middle lung volumes (slow, mid-range air
movement)
3.Expelling secretions from the central airways by
breathing at mid to high lung volumes (shallow air
movements)