The document outlines various methods of teaching, categorizing them into teacher-centered, student-centered group methods, and individual student-centered methods. It discusses specific lecture methods, the recitation method, and diverse discussion methods, highlighting their benefits for enhancing student engagement and critical thinking. Suggestions for effective lecture preparation and steps for conducting discussions are provided to improve instructional effectiveness.

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2. Methods of Teaching
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3. Topic
General Methods of
Teaching
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General Methods of Teaching
Prégent (1990) defines a method of teaching as particular
way of organizing pedagogical activities knowingly
implemented according to certain rules in order to make
learners reach specified objectives

5. Teaching methods can be
grouped as
(A) Teacher – Centred Methods:
(B) Student-Centred Group Methods:
(C) Individual Student-Central Methods:
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6. Types of Lecture Method
• Simple lecture
• Illustrated lecture
• Lecture concentration
• Lecture cum Buzz session
• Lecture interposed with questions
• Seminar
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Suggestions for effective lecture preparation
The Beginning of the Lecture
The Body of the Lecture
The Closing of the Lecture
Questions to Consider
Delivery-Vocal
Delivery-Physical
Other

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The recitation is a form of educative activity. In this sense
the recitation is a process of instruction, and a mode of
teaching.
Meaning of recitation
According to American Heritage Dictionary, The meaning of
recitation is
1-Act of reciting; rehearsal; repetition of words or
sentences
2- The rehearsal of a lesson by pupils before their
instructor.
Recitation method

9. Steps of conducting recitation method
 Planning
 Be enthusiastic
 Process of recitation
 Audiovisual aids, demonstrations
 Teacher’s attitude towards students
 Use of blackboard
 Problem-solving
 Student participation
 Questioning skills
 Discipline and class control
 Giving a quiz
 Be flexible
 Special Situations
 Record-Keeping
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Discussion Method
Discussion method is effective in getting the students to
think constructively while interacting with the rest of the
group. It may by Conducted discussions with small
groups; small groups are more desirable.

11. Kinds of Discussion Method
 Panel discussion
 Dialogue
 Symposium
 Forum
 Open forum
 Panel-forum
 Symposium-forum
 Dialogue-form
 Lecture and question answer
 Colloquy
 Buzz Session
 Audience Reaction Team
 Question Period
 Brain storming
 Discussion Group
 Workshop
 Seminar
 Conference
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Benefits of Group Discussion
 Whole the group pool and share ideas.
 Analyse, discuss and share experiences.
 Very effective in short groups.
 Reasoning and questioning skills may be enhanced.
 Students learn civic sense.
 Students learn consensus building.
 It creates connection between old and new knowledge.
 It enhances thinking and reasoning skills and process.
 It creates students interest in a topic and the subject of social
studies

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Main steps for the discussion
method
 Planning and preparation
 Group Formulation
 Selection of Group Leader
 Observer or Recorder
 Preparation
 Conducting of Discussion
 Analyse and Interpret

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