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1. H A R S H A S A I . S
C L A S S - 8

2. 1 - Do Laws Apply to all 2 - How Do New Laws Come About 3 - Unpopular and Controversial Laws

4. The system of rules which a
particular country or community
recognizes as regulating the actions
of its members.

5. There Should be no arbitrary exercise of
power in independent India
Members of Constituent Assembly
instituted several provisions in
Constitution that would establish the
rule of law
All the people Belonging to Our country
are equal before the law.
RULE OF LAW
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6. 1
All the Laws apply equally to the people
of our country and no one cannot be
above the law.
2 Law cannot discriminate against anyone on
the basis of religion, caste and gender.
3
Any crime that has been committed has a
specific punishment.

7. 1
2
3
In ancient India, there were some local
laws that did not apply equally to all.
The punishment for the same crime if it is
committed by a lower caste person he will be
harshly punished and if the same crime is done by
a higher caste person so the punishment is not so
strict.
Therefore the members of the constituent
assembly decided that there should be no
arbitrary exercise of power in independent India.

8. The British colonialists introduced the rule of law
Historians disputed this claim like:
• The colonial law was arbitrary
• The Indian nationalists played a prominent
role in the development of the legal sphere.
• The British law of the Sedition Act of 1870.
• Under this Act, a person protesting
criticising the British government could be
arrested without due trial.
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9. DID YOU KNOW ?
Rowlatt Act (10 March 1919)
Allowed the British government to imprison people
without due trial. Indian nationalists including
Mahatma Gandhi were vehement in their opposition to
the Rowlatt bills.

10. • Indian nationalists began to protest the arbitrary use of
authority by the British.
• They began to fight for gender equality.
• By the end of the 19th century, the Indian legal profession
emerged and demanded respect in the colonial courts.
• Indian Judges began to play a more significant role in
decision-making.
• Laws for the country began to be made by the
representatives
• The representatives pass New laws and also revise the
Existing Laws

12. • As we read that parliament plays a very big
important role in making laws.
• The Citizens play an essential role in helping
parliament make laws depending on people's
concerns.
• The voice of a citizen is a crucial element in the
parliament can hear the voice through reports, local
meetings, and Newspapers.

13. Domestic Violence
Often women who face violence or are abused are seen as
victims. But women struggle in several different ways to survive
these situations. Therefore, it is more accurate to refer to them
as survivors rather than as victims

15. • Sometimes a law can be valid and
legal, but in some cases, it can
continue to be unpopular and
unacceptable to people because the
intention behind it is unfair and
harmful.
• Some times the parliament passes
laws that turn out to be very popular.
• When so many people began to feel
that a wrong rule has been passed,
then there is pressure on the
parliament to change the law.
• The involvement and enthusiasm of
the people help parliament perform its
representative functions properly

18. THANK YOU