1. Tutorial (Traversing
1. Calculate the angular error of closure, and balance the traverse angles. Angles shown
are unadjusted.
(Traversing)
Calculate the angular error of closure, and balance the traverse angles. Angles shown
Figure 1
Answer:
Calculate the angular error of closure, and balance the traverse angles. Angles shown

2. 2. Calculate Adjusted bearings from field angles:
Figure 2
Answer:

3. 3. Calculate the latitudes and departures for each course in this traverse. Bearings shown
are from balanced angles and distances are in ft.
Figure 3
i. Perform a compass rule adjustment on the latitudes and departures and list the
balanced latitude and departure for each course.
ii. Calculate adjusted bearings, distances, and coordinates for the traverse.
Answer:

5. 4. The included angles given in Table Q4 below are recorded at stations forming a closed
traverse survey around the perimeter of a field.
Determine the amount of angular error in the survey and adjust the values of the included
angles.
If the whole circle bearing of the line BC is 45° calculate the whole circle bearings of the
traverse lines.
5. A survey was carried out on a closed loop traverse with six sides. With the traverse
labeled anti-clockwise as shown in Figure below the data in Table Q5 were obtained.
The co-ordinates of point A are 1000 mE, 1000 mN and the whole circle bearing of line A – F
is 166°45’52’’.
After adjustment by Bowditch’s method what are the co-ordinates of the other five traverse
stations?
6. Measurements of the traverse ABCDE, as shown in Figure below, are given in Table Q6.
WCB of XA = 123° 16’ 06’’
WCB of EY = 282° 03’ 00’’
Station Included angle
A 122°42’20’’
B 87°16’40’’
C 133°08’20’’
D 125°55’20’’
E 92°47’40’’
F 158°06’40’’
Station Included angle Length
A 130°18’45’’ AB 14.248
B 110°18’23’’ BC 85.771
C 99°32’35’’ CD 77.318
D 116°18’2’’ DE 28.222
E 119°46’7’’ EF 53.099
F 143°46’20’’ FA 65.914
Station Clockwise angle Length (m)
A 260°31’18’’
129.352
B 123°50’42’’
81.700
C 233°00’06’’
101.112
D 158°22’48’’
94.273
E 283°00’18’’

6. The measured angles are as shown in the figure. Keeping the bearings XA and EY and also
the co-ordinates of A and E fixed, obtain the adjusted co-ordinates for B, C and D using an
equal shifts angular adjustment and Bowditch linear adjustment.
7. A closed traverse survey ABCDEA in which lines CD and AE cross was carried out in a
confined area. Various obstructions prevented distances BC and CD from being measured
although their whole circle bearings were able to be recorded. Determine the lengths of BC
and CD from the values given in Table below:
Assume that A has co-ordinates 500.00 N, 500.00E.
Side Length (m) Clockwise angle
AB 141.2 325° 40’ 00’’
BC ? 69° 10’ 00’’
CD ? 41° 00’ 00’’
DE 58.6 305° 55’ 00’’
EA 347.0 194° 50’ 00’’