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Contentsof Section5: Reticularcanal system forInterlinkingIndianRivers.
Chapter12Chapter 12: Flatcanal systeminRCS & Detailsof DCC,CE of Himalaya.
12.1-Flat canal system.
12.2-RCS of Indiainthe world.
12.3-GRE (Ganga RiverElevator).
12.4-The difference betweenthe riverelevatorandthe dam.
12.5-GUC (Ganga Upper Canal) 950-930.
12.6-GUT (Ganga– U – Tube).
12.7-YUC (YamunaUpper Canal).
12.8-YUT (YamunaU Tube).
12.9-FPC1 (FlatPrimaryCanal 1) 500 Start to end.
12.10-FPC 2 (FlatPrimary Canal 2) 900 Start to end.
12.11-PC4 (PrimaryCanal 4) Start Kupili 340 to endAmo250.
12.12-FPC4 (FlatPrimaryCanal 4) Start250 to end250.
-Detailsof DCC,CE of Himalaya.
12.13-GUC DCC1 and CE1.
12.14-YUC 800 Points.
12.15-Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start.
Chapter 12: Primary canal and Flat canal
system in RCS.
12.1. Flat canal system.
Flat canal system: It is the canal where the starting and ending of the canal are at the same level.
Water entering or exiting from the canal will alter the level of water in the canal.
We maybe creatingthe flatprimarycanal of the size of 200 mts of breadth and 25 mts of the depth,
withthe waterfill able depthof 20mts,withthiseach kilometerof FPCwill be able to accommodate
0.144 TMC of water.
FPC: Length, Size and Capacity.
Dimension of one Km of actual FPC: L×H×B
=1000mts×25mts×200mts
Dimension of one Km of fill able FPC: L×H×B
=1000mts×20mts×200mts
=3300feets×66feets×660feets
=143748000 cubic feet.
FPC: Length, Size and Capacity.
TMC: Thousand million cubic feet.
=1,000×10,00,000 cubic feet.
=1,000,000,000 cubic feet.
Dimension of one Km of fill able FPC:L×H×B
=143748000 cubic feet.
So, the capacity of One km of fill able FPC
=143748000÷1000000000
=0.144TMC.
This is an example for flat canal system.
Flat canal system needs to get continuous supply of water from the sources where those sources
should be able to full fill the water need of the entire nation continuously. For which we need to
dependonthe water of the continuously flowing rivers like Ganga, Yamuna and Brahmaputra with
the waterof theirtributaries. Some of the methods by which we can bring these water to feed the
Flat primary canals are mentioned in the following topics.
12.2. RCS of India in the world.
RCS of India in the world.
RCS of India in the world.
RCS of India in the world.
RCS of India in Himalaya:
12.3. GRE (Ganga River Elevator).
Even though the origin of the River Ganga is at higher level like 7756mts at Gangothri glacier, it
becomes as low as 400 to 500 mts AMSL proximal to Hrushikesh. It is not possible to create canal
from the higher place keeping in mind to shift the water to south India to feed the drought prone
placesinthe central,northwestandsouthIndia.We alsoknow that most of this drought prone area
liesbelowthe level of 600 mtsAMSL inthe central,northwestandsouthIndia.So, to shift the water
of R. Ganaga,we needgothe pointin River Ganga where the level of the flow of water higher than
600mts AMSL. Evenif we go to the place where the Gangariver is more than 600 mts AMSL, we may
not be able to bringthe waterto the requiredplacesof the Indiabecause there are Himalayanrange
of hillspresent on the south of the R. Ganga, and we need to create a long distance canal for many
thousandsof kilometres,which is not practical. So, we need to identify a place in the course of the
Ganga river,where we canconstruct a wall across the river(Riverelevator/a dam like structure,but
it isnot the dam) and the riverto fill the water behind it, thus make its top surface to come up, and
create the canal from the top and make the water to flow from the top.
This is the proposed place for Ganga River Elevator, which is at the level of 443 mts AMSL at the
banks river Ganga in this place.
The place we propose toconstructthe GRE, isproximal tothe place Rishikesh, at this place the river
will be flowinginthe narrowvalley,sothatelevatingthe river,withminimal lengthof RE, that is less
than one kilometre andthere will be lesswaterwill stayasthe back waterinthe valley as this entire
valley is narrow, and less population is distributed in this place.
Some of the places which comes on the sides of the GRE back water are the Bagi and Teen dhara.
The top of the GRE will be atthe level of 950 mts AMSL, and the length of the GRE at the top will be
1.69 kms.
GRE (Ganga River Elevator):
GRE
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level
in
meters
AMSL
Descri
ption.
(GRE ST 950)
(300
04’1.96”N)(780
032’10.41”
E)
950 South
top
(GRE NT 950)
(300
04’49”N)
(780
032’41.89”E)
950 North
top
(GRE NB 443)
(300
04’24.34”N)(780
032’25.43
”E)
443 North
botto
m
(GRE SB 443)
(300
04’22.36”N)(780
032’24.06
”E)
443 South
Botto
m
GRE Length: 1.69 kms at the top. Heading 209.81
degrees.
GRE is going to receive the water from all the
areas where its tributaries are present which
drains in to river Ganga above the level of 443
mts AMSL.
GANGA RIVER ELEVATOR-950-443-950;
12.4. The difference between the river elevator and the dam.
The difference between the river elevator and the dam are as follow.
River elevator. Dam / Reservoir.
It is constructed across
the river.
It is also constructed
across the river.
Select the place where
the river valley is
narrowest.
Select the place where
the riverflowsbetween
two hills.
Storingthe wateris not
the purpose.
Storingthe waterin the
rainy seasons to use it
in the summer season
is the purpose.
Since it is the narrow
place, minimal water
will be stored as the
back water.
Place isselectedinsuch
a way that sufficient
water (Capacity of the
reservoir) should be
stored in the reservoir,
so that more water will
be available for usage
in summer.
The water draining
canals begins at the
top of the structure /
wall / dam like thing. A
constant volume of
water will be present
behind the RE all the
time, only the water
which fills above the
level of the bottom of
The water draining
canals are at the
bottom of the dam, so
that all the waterwhich
isstoredcan be utilised
and the dam will be
made free to
accommodate the
water in the rainy
season again.
the draining canal will
flow in to the canal.
The volume of back
water will be less.
The volume of the back
water is more.
These types of
structures will come in
the less populated
area.
The back water will
occupy the more
populated areas and
thus impose lot of
rehabilitation
procedures.
Maintenance is easy as
it is low pressure
system (the water
pressure at the top of
the structure will less,
if some repairwork has
to be done for the
gate),we can make the
level low by allowing
the river to flow in its
natural path.
Maintenance isdifficult
as it is high pressure
system (the water
pressure at the bottom
of the structure will be
high, if some repair
work has to be done
for the gate), lot of
water will flow if the
gate gets damaged and
repairing the same is a
risky procedure.
Sometimes we may
have to leave all the
water before repairing
the gate or need to
wait till the summer
season comes and the
level becomes less
naturally.
People are not at risk if
the gate getsdamaged.
People are risky if the
gate gets damaged.
12.5. GUC (Ganga Upper Canal) 950-930:
The entire course of GUC (Shown in red line);
GUC950-930:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level
in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(GRE ST 950)/(GUC
Start 950)
(300
04’1.96”N)(780
032’
10.41”E)
950 South top of
the GRE is
the point
from where
the GUC
starts
(GUC End 930)(GUT
Start 930)
(300
00’46.62”N)(780
021
’33.37”E)
930 GUC ends at
this point
and from
where the
GUT starts.
The total length of this Canal Reference Line
(CRL) will be will be 113kms. But with the
creationof Directconnector1 and Canal elevator
1 the length of this GUC becomes 39.5kms. So,
we can save about 73 kmsof canal creationstill it
receives the water generated in this catchment
area.
Even though GUC can irrigate the land which is
below900 mtsAMSL fromthe canal called‘GUC’,
but not much agricultural land will be available
between the area which is south to river Ganga
and north to ‘GUC’, thus GUC will just carry the
water till the starting point of ‘GUT’.
Ganga upper canal:
Total length: 113kms.
GUC-DC1 length: 0.92kms.
GUC-CE1 length: 2.43kms.
GUC-DC1 saves: 29kms.
GUC-CE1 saves: 47kms.
So, the actual length of GUC becomes: 40.35kms.
12.6. GUT (Ganga – U – Tube):
This is the starting point of the GUT.
The starting point of the GUT will be present to the west to the GRE, on the hills which are present
south east to the course of the river Ganga.
The entire course of the GUT, which shift the water of the River Ganga from east 930mts AMSL to
west 870mts AMSL of the course of the River Ganga, and traverses beneath the river;
It ends little north to the place, kishanpur in Uttarakhand.
The end openingof the GUT is planned in such a way that it ends at the catchment area of the river
Yamuna and the water will be flowing in to one of the tributaries of the River Yamuna.
GUT
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level
in
meters
AMSL
Descriptio
n.
(GUT Start 930)
(300
00’46.62”N)(780
021’
930 GUT start
33.37”E)
(GUT end 870)
(300
022’39.37”N)(780
04’
45.55”E)
870 GUT end
GUT Length: 54.88 kms.
GUT just acts as the conduct between GUC and
YUC, since it is a closed system, it is not going
to receive any water, other than the water of
the GUC.
GUT – YUC connector:
GUT-YUC Connector:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level
in
meter
s
AMSL
Descripti
on.
(GUT end 870)
(300
022’39.37”N)
(780
04’45.55”E)
870 GUT end.
(YUC Start 800)
(300
023’10.60”N)
(780
03’40.15”E)
800 YUC start.
Length: 2kms.
Thisdirects the water from the end of the GUT
to the flat YUC.
12.7. YUC (Yamuna Upper Canal):
The gap which is present between the GUC end and the YUT will be filled by the YUC.
This is the starting point of the YUC.
This is the entire course of the YUC, which runs on the range of Himalaya hills which are present
north to the river Yamuna, traversing across the tributaries which joins the river Yamuna from the
north.
YUC:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(YUC Start 800) 800 YUC start.
(300
023’10.60”N)
(780
03’40.15”E)
(YUC End 800)
(300
031’56.67”N)
(770
035’25.26”E)
800 YUC End
The length of the YUC will be 85.70 kms.
YUC will receive the water from all its
tributaries of River Yamuna which comes and
joins it, above the level of 800 mts AMSL.
Alongthe course of the YUC, the water from many tributaries of River Yamuna will fill the water to
the YUC, along with the water which is flowing by the river Ganga.
This type of receiving the water from the various
tributaries will continue till the end of the YUC and it ends at the southern inclination of shivalic
range of hills north to the place Majra and paontosahib.
YUC – CE 1 (Yamuna Upper Canal – Canal Elevator) It is an example to shorten the length of the
canal, still it will receive the water from its catchment area.
YUC – CE 1:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(YUC – CE 1 –
North 800)
(300
032’46.77”N)
800 North end of
the YUC – CE 1.
(770
040’19.84”E)
(YUC – CE 1 –
South 800)
(300
032’2.40”N)
(770
039’3.18”E)
800 Southendof the
YUC – CE 1.
Canal elevatorsare the dam like structures, which are constructed across the tributaries, along the
sides of the canal, in such a way that, it receives the water from one end and discharges the water
from the other end and vice versa, it is open to receive the water from proximal side.
YUC – WE – Sutlej 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal – West Extension to R. Sutlej 800): It is possible to
extend the YUC towards west till R. Sutlej or even beyond.
YUC – WE –
Sutlej 800:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(YUC End 800)
(300
031’56.67”N)
(770
035’25.26”E)
800 YUC End
(YUC WE Sutlej
800)
(310
018’20.83”N)
(770
020’15.03”E)
800 YUC can be
extendedtill this
point or even
beyond if
needed.
12.8. YUT (Yamuna U Tube).
It isthe startingpointof YUT at 800mts AMSL, at the southerndeclineof the shivalicrange of hills of
Himalaya north to the place Majra and Poanto sahib.
It movesbetweenJagadri andIndri inthe westandBehath and shaharan pur in the east. The course
of the canal may be made curved to bypass the major city.
The course continues towards the south, between Karnal and Asand on the west and Gangoh and
Panipat on the east.
The lowest point that we come across in course is about 217mts AMSL near Rohtak. The lowest
pointisplacedinsuch the way that the cleaningmaintainacegatesatthe lowestpointwill be placed
facing west and this water will be flowing towards the west in the Rajasthan.
YUT Lowest point 217:
S. N.( YUT Lowest
point 217)
(Latitude) (Longitude)
1(YUT Lowest point (280
053’18.61”N)
217) (760
043’5.60”E)
Thisis a tentative point.Thispointmaychange
towards west after doing micro survey, and if
the Govt. Of Nepal is accepting to Create the
FPC4 at 300mts AMSL, as it is passing through
Nepal and we may have to do another U tube
for FPC4, close to YUT to by pass this
depressed area.
The lowest point in the course of YUT will be 217mts AMSL, which is east to Rohtac, by going
towardsthe westto Rohtac we will get still lower points like 210 to 200 mts AMSL, which is safer to
go for such points so that the cleaning maintainace water will reach the Arabian Sea with ease.
It is also necessary to reserve the space for the U tube that comes in the course of FPC4, and it will
be moving east to YUT.
Thenthe YUT will startclimbingtowardsJaipurhillsbetweenCharkidadri andMahaendragarhonthe
west and Daola and Rewari on the east.
YUT endsat the level of 700mts AMSL north to Neemkatana, inRajasthan,anddischargesits water,
which is the water of the river Ganga and Yamuna together.
We can see the entire course of the YUC, both the straight and curved course, curved course will
bypass all the major cities and towns, and the lowest point of the tube will be towards the west
inclined land in the state Rajasthan.
YUT:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(YUC End 800)
(300
031’56.67”N)
(770
035’25.26”E)
800 YUC End
(YUT End 700)
(270
049’44.91”N)
(750
056’23.27”E)
700 Yamuna U Tube
ends at this
point.
Yamuna U tube length will be 370.00 kms.
YUT just acts as the conduct between YUC and
FPC1, since it is a closed system, it is not going
to receive any water, other than the water of
the YUC.
The place where the YUT ends and the FPC1 begins is shown here.
The YUT end opening is planned in such a way that, the water from it will fall on the declining
surface of the hill, which ultimately will feed one of the water pathways / tributary of the River
Yamuna whichfeedsthe RiverYamunafromsouth.We getabout 200mts of inclinedforceful flow of
water in this place and this can be used for Hydro electrical project.
YUT End 700 – FPC1 Start 500 connector (Yamuna U Tube End 700 to Flat Primary canal 1 start 500
connector):
YUT End 700 –
FPC1 Start 500
connector:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(YUT End 700) 700 Yamuna U Tube
(270
049’44.91”N)
(750
056’23.27”E)
end.
(FPC 1 Start 500)
(270
049’51.06”N)
(750
056’36.71”E)
500 Starting point of
Flat Primary
Canal 1
The length of the connector will be 0.62 kms.
This directs the water from the end of the YUT
to the start of FPC1.
Thus we can bringthe water of RiverGanga and Yamuna,towardsthe south,by passingthe low lying
land between the Himalaya range of hills in the north and Aravalli – Vindya range of hills in the
south.
12.9. FPC1 (Flat Primary Canal 1) 500 Start to end:
We can see the various points of FPC1 starting to the ending, and all the points will have the same
level, that is 500mts AMSL.
FPC1 Start to End
500:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(FPC 1 Start 500)
(270
049’51.06”N)
(750
056’36.71”E)
500 Starting point of
Flat Primary
Canal 1
(FPC 1 End
Chittar 500)
(80
24’5.56”N)
(770
30’10.66”E)
500 The ending
point of Flat
Primary channel
1 at R. Chittar in
TN.
The total length of FPC1 will be 7675.38kms. It
has westandeast extensions.The length of the
west extension will be 967.86 kms and the
length of the east extension will be
3889.07kms. Thus the total length of the FPC1
becomes 12532.31kms.
FPC1 will receive water from the river Ganga,
Yamuna, from all the hills like Aravalli range of
hills (all around, above the level of 500mts
AMSL),vindyarange of hills(fromnorthflowing
rivers),Mahadeohills(fromeastflowingrivers),
maikalaandramgarh hills(all around,above the
level of 500mts AMSL), dandakaranya (above
the level of 500mts AMSL), satpura – sahyadri –
balghat – harishchandra - palkonda range of
hills, Bangalore platue, nigiri – palani –
cardamom hillsbythe eastflowingriversabove
the level of 500mts AMSL.
This is going to supply water to all the lands of
the India, which are less than 500mts AMSL,
except,the areas which are north to Ganga and
Yamuna river, north eastern states and Jammu
& Kashmir.
12.10. FPC 2 (Flat Primary Canal 2) 900 Start to end:
FPC 2 Start to
End 900:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(FPC 2 Start Palar
North end 900)
(130
026’16.11”N)
(780
01’24.60”E)
900 Starting point of
Flat Primary
Canal 2 at R.
Palar. It is the
north end of the
FPC2 at
Karnataka AP
border
(FPC 2 End Palar 900 The ending
South end 900)
(110
53’13.74”N)
(770
17’41.29”E)
point of Flat
Primary channel
2 at R. Palar in
Karnataka TN
border.
The total length of the FPC2 will be
1016.62kms.
It receives the water from the western Ghats
above the level of 900mts AMSL, and
distributes water to the land between 900 to
500mts AMSL, in Bangalore platue.
12.11. PC4 (Primary Canal 4) Start Kupili 340 to end Amo 250:
PC4 Start Kupili
340 to End Amo
250:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(PC 4 Start Kupili
340)
(250
035’23.34”N)
(920
041’4.06”E)
340 Starting point of
Primary Canal 4
at R. Kupili.
(PC 4 End Amo
250)
(260
53’6.90”N)
(890
20’4.53”E)
250 The ending
point of Primary
channel 4 at R.
Amo.
PC4 is a decliningcanal withunidirectional flow
of water, from (PC 4 Start Kupili 340) to (PC 4
End Amo 250), which receives the water from
the Himalayan range of hill, that is the river
Brahmaputra and its tributaries, and will be
able to supplywatertoall the places below the
level of the canal.
12.12. FPC4 (Flat Primary Canal 4) Start250 to end250:
FPC4 Start to
End 250:
(Point)
(Lattitude)
(Longitude)
Level in
meters
AMSL
Description.
(FPC 4 End Amo
250)
250 The ending
point of Primary
(260
53’6.90”N)
(890
20’4.53”E)
channel 4 at R.
Amo becomes
the starting
point of FPC4.
(FPC 4 End
Chittar 250)
(80
24’48.35”N)
(770
30’39.12”E)
250 The ending
point of Flat
Primary channel
4 at R. Chittar in
TN.
FPC 4 – 250 or 300 or other levels will be
decidedonlyafterdiscussingthe issue with the
government of Nepal, as the south border of
Nepal is at the low level, which is less than
100mts AMSL, in most of the south border.
Thus have notgone in detailsof thiscanal,asits
level may change as per the cooperation given
by the government of Nepal.
Details of DCC, CE of himalaya:
12.13. GUC DCC1 and CE1;
GUC DCC 1 (Ganga Upper Canal Direct Canal Connector 1):
S. N.( GUC DCC 1 (Latitude) (Longitude)
point)
1(GUC DCC 1 Start
950)
(300
02’55.56”N)
(780
027’42.83”E)
2(GUC DCC 1 Peak
1155)
(300
02’56.28”N)
(780
027’29.31”E)
3(GUC DCC 1 End
950)
(300
02’51.14”N)
(780
027’9.04”E)
The lengthof thisDCC is 0.92 kms,and with this
we will save 29 kms of GUC creation.
DCC (Direct Canal Connectors are nothing but the can which we going to create through some
elevated area in between. This is done by calculating the cost involved in creating the long canal
versus the DCC. DCC will not reduce the water received by the canal as the rain water ultimately
reaches the canal through the intersecting water pathways.
GUC – CE 1 (Ganga Upper Canal – Canal Elevator 1):
S. N.(GUC – CE 1
point)
(Latitude) (Longitude)
1(GUC – CE 1Start
950)
(300
01’29.97”N)
(780
027’9.37”E)
2(GUC – CE 1
Bottom 575)
(300
01’8.42”N)
(780
026’29.90”E)
3(GUC – CE 1 End
950)
(300
00’47.91”N)
(780
025’52.72”E)
The lengthof the GUC – CE 1 is2.43kms, andwith
this we can save 47kms of GUC creation.
With the GUC – CE, the back water is going to occupy the area below 950mts behind the canal
elevator.
GANGA UPPER CANAL - CANAL ELEVATOR1 shortens the length of creation of the canal.
GANGA UPPER CANAL - CANAL ELEVATOR1;
12.14. YUC 800 Points:
T1 to YUC800:
T2 to YUC800:
T3 to YUC800:
T4 to YUC800:
T5 to YUC800:
S. N.(YUC 800
Points)
(Latitude) (Longitude)
(T1 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
024’57.37”N)
(780
00’28.08”E)
(T2 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
025’3.90”N)
(770
058’22.17”E)
(T3 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
025’50.88”N)
(770
057’9.43”E)
(T4 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
026’48.51”N)
(770
054’48.69”E)
(T5 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
028’3.77”N)
(770
053’29.21”E)
(T6 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
030’47.98”N)
(780
01’58.56”E)
(T7 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
046’39.33”N)
(770
041’10.12”E)
(T8 to Yamuna YUC
800)
(300
047’6.71”N)
(770
017’32.84”E)
YUC T6 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 6 Canal Elevator):
S. N.( YUC T6 CE 800 (Latitude) (Longitude)
point)
1(YUC T6 CE 800 Start) (300
031’1.95”N)
(770
053’49.64”E)
2(YUC T6 CE 535
Bottom)
(300
031’17.08”N)
(770
053’7.91”E)
3(YUC T6 CE 800 End) (300
031’25.51”N)
(770
052’45.23”E)
Length 1.87kms
YUC T7 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 7 Canal Elevator):
S. N.( YUC T7 CE 800
point)
(Latitude) (Longitude)
1(YUC T7 CE 800 Start) (300
033’4.75”N)
(770
049’38.26”E)
2(YUC T7 CE 500
Bottom)
(300
033’7.33”N)
(770
079’19.27”E)
3(YUC T7 CE 800 End) (300
033’10.30”N)
(770
049’3.70”E)
Length 0.94kms
YUC T8 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 8 Canal Elevator):
S. N.( YUC T8 CE 800
point)
(Latitude) (Longitude)
1(YUC T8 CE 800 Start) (300
032’46.77”N)
(770
040’19.84”E)
2(YUC T8 CE 470
Bottom)
(300
032’29.78”N)
(770
039’52.88”E)
3(YUC T8 CE 800 End) (300
032’2.40”N)
(770
039’3.18”E)
Length 2.46kms
12.15. Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start.
Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start, which is the path, where all the elevations and the
depressionscominginthe pathare bypassedwithsuitable methods: The length of this path will be
about five to six hundred kilometres.
SN. Description. Length in
kms
1. GRE - 950 1.69
2. GUC Start 950 to End 930 40.35
3. GUT Start 930 to End 870 54.90
4. GUT End 870 to YUC Start 800 2.00
5. YUC 800(Flat) 85.70
6. YUT Start 800 to End 700 370.00
7. YUT End 700 to FPC1 Start 500 0.62
Total length: 555.26

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S5c12 chapter 12-flat canal system in rcs.

  • 1. Contentsof Section5: Reticularcanal system forInterlinkingIndianRivers. Chapter12Chapter 12: Flatcanal systeminRCS & Detailsof DCC,CE of Himalaya. 12.1-Flat canal system. 12.2-RCS of Indiainthe world. 12.3-GRE (Ganga RiverElevator). 12.4-The difference betweenthe riverelevatorandthe dam. 12.5-GUC (Ganga Upper Canal) 950-930. 12.6-GUT (Ganga– U – Tube). 12.7-YUC (YamunaUpper Canal). 12.8-YUT (YamunaU Tube). 12.9-FPC1 (FlatPrimaryCanal 1) 500 Start to end. 12.10-FPC 2 (FlatPrimary Canal 2) 900 Start to end. 12.11-PC4 (PrimaryCanal 4) Start Kupili 340 to endAmo250. 12.12-FPC4 (FlatPrimaryCanal 4) Start250 to end250. -Detailsof DCC,CE of Himalaya. 12.13-GUC DCC1 and CE1. 12.14-YUC 800 Points. 12.15-Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start. Chapter 12: Primary canal and Flat canal system in RCS. 12.1. Flat canal system. Flat canal system: It is the canal where the starting and ending of the canal are at the same level. Water entering or exiting from the canal will alter the level of water in the canal. We maybe creatingthe flatprimarycanal of the size of 200 mts of breadth and 25 mts of the depth, withthe waterfill able depthof 20mts,withthiseach kilometerof FPCwill be able to accommodate 0.144 TMC of water. FPC: Length, Size and Capacity. Dimension of one Km of actual FPC: L×H×B =1000mts×25mts×200mts Dimension of one Km of fill able FPC: L×H×B =1000mts×20mts×200mts =3300feets×66feets×660feets =143748000 cubic feet. FPC: Length, Size and Capacity. TMC: Thousand million cubic feet.
  • 2. =1,000×10,00,000 cubic feet. =1,000,000,000 cubic feet. Dimension of one Km of fill able FPC:L×H×B =143748000 cubic feet. So, the capacity of One km of fill able FPC =143748000÷1000000000 =0.144TMC. This is an example for flat canal system. Flat canal system needs to get continuous supply of water from the sources where those sources should be able to full fill the water need of the entire nation continuously. For which we need to dependonthe water of the continuously flowing rivers like Ganga, Yamuna and Brahmaputra with the waterof theirtributaries. Some of the methods by which we can bring these water to feed the Flat primary canals are mentioned in the following topics. 12.2. RCS of India in the world. RCS of India in the world.
  • 3. RCS of India in the world. RCS of India in the world. RCS of India in Himalaya:
  • 4. 12.3. GRE (Ganga River Elevator). Even though the origin of the River Ganga is at higher level like 7756mts at Gangothri glacier, it becomes as low as 400 to 500 mts AMSL proximal to Hrushikesh. It is not possible to create canal from the higher place keeping in mind to shift the water to south India to feed the drought prone placesinthe central,northwestandsouthIndia.We alsoknow that most of this drought prone area liesbelowthe level of 600 mtsAMSL inthe central,northwestandsouthIndia.So, to shift the water of R. Ganaga,we needgothe pointin River Ganga where the level of the flow of water higher than 600mts AMSL. Evenif we go to the place where the Gangariver is more than 600 mts AMSL, we may not be able to bringthe waterto the requiredplacesof the Indiabecause there are Himalayanrange of hillspresent on the south of the R. Ganga, and we need to create a long distance canal for many thousandsof kilometres,which is not practical. So, we need to identify a place in the course of the Ganga river,where we canconstruct a wall across the river(Riverelevator/a dam like structure,but it isnot the dam) and the riverto fill the water behind it, thus make its top surface to come up, and create the canal from the top and make the water to flow from the top. This is the proposed place for Ganga River Elevator, which is at the level of 443 mts AMSL at the banks river Ganga in this place. The place we propose toconstructthe GRE, isproximal tothe place Rishikesh, at this place the river will be flowinginthe narrowvalley,sothatelevatingthe river,withminimal lengthof RE, that is less than one kilometre andthere will be lesswaterwill stayasthe back waterinthe valley as this entire valley is narrow, and less population is distributed in this place. Some of the places which comes on the sides of the GRE back water are the Bagi and Teen dhara.
  • 5. The top of the GRE will be atthe level of 950 mts AMSL, and the length of the GRE at the top will be 1.69 kms. GRE (Ganga River Elevator): GRE (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Descri ption. (GRE ST 950) (300 04’1.96”N)(780 032’10.41” E) 950 South top (GRE NT 950) (300 04’49”N) (780 032’41.89”E) 950 North top (GRE NB 443) (300 04’24.34”N)(780 032’25.43 ”E) 443 North botto m (GRE SB 443) (300 04’22.36”N)(780 032’24.06 ”E) 443 South Botto m GRE Length: 1.69 kms at the top. Heading 209.81 degrees. GRE is going to receive the water from all the areas where its tributaries are present which drains in to river Ganga above the level of 443
  • 6. mts AMSL. GANGA RIVER ELEVATOR-950-443-950; 12.4. The difference between the river elevator and the dam. The difference between the river elevator and the dam are as follow. River elevator. Dam / Reservoir. It is constructed across the river. It is also constructed across the river. Select the place where the river valley is narrowest. Select the place where the riverflowsbetween two hills. Storingthe wateris not the purpose. Storingthe waterin the rainy seasons to use it in the summer season is the purpose. Since it is the narrow place, minimal water will be stored as the back water. Place isselectedinsuch a way that sufficient water (Capacity of the reservoir) should be stored in the reservoir, so that more water will be available for usage in summer. The water draining canals begins at the top of the structure / wall / dam like thing. A constant volume of water will be present behind the RE all the time, only the water which fills above the level of the bottom of The water draining canals are at the bottom of the dam, so that all the waterwhich isstoredcan be utilised and the dam will be made free to accommodate the water in the rainy season again.
  • 7. the draining canal will flow in to the canal. The volume of back water will be less. The volume of the back water is more. These types of structures will come in the less populated area. The back water will occupy the more populated areas and thus impose lot of rehabilitation procedures. Maintenance is easy as it is low pressure system (the water pressure at the top of the structure will less, if some repairwork has to be done for the gate),we can make the level low by allowing the river to flow in its natural path. Maintenance isdifficult as it is high pressure system (the water pressure at the bottom of the structure will be high, if some repair work has to be done for the gate), lot of water will flow if the gate gets damaged and repairing the same is a risky procedure. Sometimes we may have to leave all the water before repairing the gate or need to wait till the summer season comes and the level becomes less naturally. People are not at risk if the gate getsdamaged. People are risky if the gate gets damaged. 12.5. GUC (Ganga Upper Canal) 950-930: The entire course of GUC (Shown in red line);
  • 8. GUC950-930: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (GRE ST 950)/(GUC Start 950) (300 04’1.96”N)(780 032’ 10.41”E) 950 South top of the GRE is the point from where the GUC starts (GUC End 930)(GUT Start 930) (300 00’46.62”N)(780 021 ’33.37”E) 930 GUC ends at this point and from where the GUT starts. The total length of this Canal Reference Line (CRL) will be will be 113kms. But with the creationof Directconnector1 and Canal elevator 1 the length of this GUC becomes 39.5kms. So, we can save about 73 kmsof canal creationstill it receives the water generated in this catchment area. Even though GUC can irrigate the land which is below900 mtsAMSL fromthe canal called‘GUC’, but not much agricultural land will be available between the area which is south to river Ganga and north to ‘GUC’, thus GUC will just carry the water till the starting point of ‘GUT’. Ganga upper canal: Total length: 113kms. GUC-DC1 length: 0.92kms. GUC-CE1 length: 2.43kms.
  • 9. GUC-DC1 saves: 29kms. GUC-CE1 saves: 47kms. So, the actual length of GUC becomes: 40.35kms. 12.6. GUT (Ganga – U – Tube): This is the starting point of the GUT. The starting point of the GUT will be present to the west to the GRE, on the hills which are present south east to the course of the river Ganga. The entire course of the GUT, which shift the water of the River Ganga from east 930mts AMSL to west 870mts AMSL of the course of the River Ganga, and traverses beneath the river;
  • 10. It ends little north to the place, kishanpur in Uttarakhand. The end openingof the GUT is planned in such a way that it ends at the catchment area of the river Yamuna and the water will be flowing in to one of the tributaries of the River Yamuna. GUT (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Descriptio n. (GUT Start 930) (300 00’46.62”N)(780 021’ 930 GUT start
  • 11. 33.37”E) (GUT end 870) (300 022’39.37”N)(780 04’ 45.55”E) 870 GUT end GUT Length: 54.88 kms. GUT just acts as the conduct between GUC and YUC, since it is a closed system, it is not going to receive any water, other than the water of the GUC. GUT – YUC connector: GUT-YUC Connector: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meter s AMSL Descripti on. (GUT end 870) (300 022’39.37”N) (780 04’45.55”E) 870 GUT end. (YUC Start 800) (300 023’10.60”N) (780 03’40.15”E) 800 YUC start. Length: 2kms. Thisdirects the water from the end of the GUT to the flat YUC. 12.7. YUC (Yamuna Upper Canal): The gap which is present between the GUC end and the YUT will be filled by the YUC.
  • 12. This is the starting point of the YUC. This is the entire course of the YUC, which runs on the range of Himalaya hills which are present north to the river Yamuna, traversing across the tributaries which joins the river Yamuna from the north. YUC: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (YUC Start 800) 800 YUC start.
  • 13. (300 023’10.60”N) (780 03’40.15”E) (YUC End 800) (300 031’56.67”N) (770 035’25.26”E) 800 YUC End The length of the YUC will be 85.70 kms. YUC will receive the water from all its tributaries of River Yamuna which comes and joins it, above the level of 800 mts AMSL. Alongthe course of the YUC, the water from many tributaries of River Yamuna will fill the water to the YUC, along with the water which is flowing by the river Ganga. This type of receiving the water from the various tributaries will continue till the end of the YUC and it ends at the southern inclination of shivalic range of hills north to the place Majra and paontosahib. YUC – CE 1 (Yamuna Upper Canal – Canal Elevator) It is an example to shorten the length of the canal, still it will receive the water from its catchment area. YUC – CE 1: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (YUC – CE 1 – North 800) (300 032’46.77”N) 800 North end of the YUC – CE 1.
  • 14. (770 040’19.84”E) (YUC – CE 1 – South 800) (300 032’2.40”N) (770 039’3.18”E) 800 Southendof the YUC – CE 1. Canal elevatorsare the dam like structures, which are constructed across the tributaries, along the sides of the canal, in such a way that, it receives the water from one end and discharges the water from the other end and vice versa, it is open to receive the water from proximal side. YUC – WE – Sutlej 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal – West Extension to R. Sutlej 800): It is possible to extend the YUC towards west till R. Sutlej or even beyond. YUC – WE – Sutlej 800: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (YUC End 800) (300 031’56.67”N) (770 035’25.26”E) 800 YUC End (YUC WE Sutlej 800) (310 018’20.83”N) (770 020’15.03”E) 800 YUC can be extendedtill this point or even beyond if needed. 12.8. YUT (Yamuna U Tube). It isthe startingpointof YUT at 800mts AMSL, at the southerndeclineof the shivalicrange of hills of Himalaya north to the place Majra and Poanto sahib.
  • 15. It movesbetweenJagadri andIndri inthe westandBehath and shaharan pur in the east. The course of the canal may be made curved to bypass the major city. The course continues towards the south, between Karnal and Asand on the west and Gangoh and Panipat on the east. The lowest point that we come across in course is about 217mts AMSL near Rohtak. The lowest pointisplacedinsuch the way that the cleaningmaintainacegatesatthe lowestpointwill be placed facing west and this water will be flowing towards the west in the Rajasthan. YUT Lowest point 217: S. N.( YUT Lowest point 217) (Latitude) (Longitude) 1(YUT Lowest point (280 053’18.61”N)
  • 16. 217) (760 043’5.60”E) Thisis a tentative point.Thispointmaychange towards west after doing micro survey, and if the Govt. Of Nepal is accepting to Create the FPC4 at 300mts AMSL, as it is passing through Nepal and we may have to do another U tube for FPC4, close to YUT to by pass this depressed area. The lowest point in the course of YUT will be 217mts AMSL, which is east to Rohtac, by going towardsthe westto Rohtac we will get still lower points like 210 to 200 mts AMSL, which is safer to go for such points so that the cleaning maintainace water will reach the Arabian Sea with ease. It is also necessary to reserve the space for the U tube that comes in the course of FPC4, and it will be moving east to YUT. Thenthe YUT will startclimbingtowardsJaipurhillsbetweenCharkidadri andMahaendragarhonthe west and Daola and Rewari on the east.
  • 17. YUT endsat the level of 700mts AMSL north to Neemkatana, inRajasthan,anddischargesits water, which is the water of the river Ganga and Yamuna together. We can see the entire course of the YUC, both the straight and curved course, curved course will bypass all the major cities and towns, and the lowest point of the tube will be towards the west inclined land in the state Rajasthan. YUT: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (YUC End 800) (300 031’56.67”N) (770 035’25.26”E) 800 YUC End
  • 18. (YUT End 700) (270 049’44.91”N) (750 056’23.27”E) 700 Yamuna U Tube ends at this point. Yamuna U tube length will be 370.00 kms. YUT just acts as the conduct between YUC and FPC1, since it is a closed system, it is not going to receive any water, other than the water of the YUC. The place where the YUT ends and the FPC1 begins is shown here. The YUT end opening is planned in such a way that, the water from it will fall on the declining surface of the hill, which ultimately will feed one of the water pathways / tributary of the River Yamuna whichfeedsthe RiverYamunafromsouth.We getabout 200mts of inclinedforceful flow of water in this place and this can be used for Hydro electrical project. YUT End 700 – FPC1 Start 500 connector (Yamuna U Tube End 700 to Flat Primary canal 1 start 500 connector): YUT End 700 – FPC1 Start 500 connector: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (YUT End 700) 700 Yamuna U Tube
  • 19. (270 049’44.91”N) (750 056’23.27”E) end. (FPC 1 Start 500) (270 049’51.06”N) (750 056’36.71”E) 500 Starting point of Flat Primary Canal 1 The length of the connector will be 0.62 kms. This directs the water from the end of the YUT to the start of FPC1. Thus we can bringthe water of RiverGanga and Yamuna,towardsthe south,by passingthe low lying land between the Himalaya range of hills in the north and Aravalli – Vindya range of hills in the south. 12.9. FPC1 (Flat Primary Canal 1) 500 Start to end: We can see the various points of FPC1 starting to the ending, and all the points will have the same level, that is 500mts AMSL. FPC1 Start to End 500: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (FPC 1 Start 500) (270 049’51.06”N) (750 056’36.71”E) 500 Starting point of Flat Primary Canal 1
  • 20. (FPC 1 End Chittar 500) (80 24’5.56”N) (770 30’10.66”E) 500 The ending point of Flat Primary channel 1 at R. Chittar in TN. The total length of FPC1 will be 7675.38kms. It has westandeast extensions.The length of the west extension will be 967.86 kms and the length of the east extension will be 3889.07kms. Thus the total length of the FPC1 becomes 12532.31kms. FPC1 will receive water from the river Ganga, Yamuna, from all the hills like Aravalli range of hills (all around, above the level of 500mts AMSL),vindyarange of hills(fromnorthflowing rivers),Mahadeohills(fromeastflowingrivers), maikalaandramgarh hills(all around,above the level of 500mts AMSL), dandakaranya (above the level of 500mts AMSL), satpura – sahyadri – balghat – harishchandra - palkonda range of hills, Bangalore platue, nigiri – palani – cardamom hillsbythe eastflowingriversabove the level of 500mts AMSL. This is going to supply water to all the lands of the India, which are less than 500mts AMSL, except,the areas which are north to Ganga and Yamuna river, north eastern states and Jammu & Kashmir. 12.10. FPC 2 (Flat Primary Canal 2) 900 Start to end: FPC 2 Start to End 900: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (FPC 2 Start Palar North end 900) (130 026’16.11”N) (780 01’24.60”E) 900 Starting point of Flat Primary Canal 2 at R. Palar. It is the north end of the FPC2 at Karnataka AP border (FPC 2 End Palar 900 The ending
  • 21. South end 900) (110 53’13.74”N) (770 17’41.29”E) point of Flat Primary channel 2 at R. Palar in Karnataka TN border. The total length of the FPC2 will be 1016.62kms. It receives the water from the western Ghats above the level of 900mts AMSL, and distributes water to the land between 900 to 500mts AMSL, in Bangalore platue. 12.11. PC4 (Primary Canal 4) Start Kupili 340 to end Amo 250: PC4 Start Kupili 340 to End Amo 250: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (PC 4 Start Kupili 340) (250 035’23.34”N) (920 041’4.06”E) 340 Starting point of Primary Canal 4 at R. Kupili. (PC 4 End Amo 250) (260 53’6.90”N) (890 20’4.53”E) 250 The ending point of Primary channel 4 at R. Amo. PC4 is a decliningcanal withunidirectional flow of water, from (PC 4 Start Kupili 340) to (PC 4 End Amo 250), which receives the water from the Himalayan range of hill, that is the river Brahmaputra and its tributaries, and will be able to supplywatertoall the places below the level of the canal. 12.12. FPC4 (Flat Primary Canal 4) Start250 to end250: FPC4 Start to End 250: (Point) (Lattitude) (Longitude) Level in meters AMSL Description. (FPC 4 End Amo 250) 250 The ending point of Primary
  • 22. (260 53’6.90”N) (890 20’4.53”E) channel 4 at R. Amo becomes the starting point of FPC4. (FPC 4 End Chittar 250) (80 24’48.35”N) (770 30’39.12”E) 250 The ending point of Flat Primary channel 4 at R. Chittar in TN. FPC 4 – 250 or 300 or other levels will be decidedonlyafterdiscussingthe issue with the government of Nepal, as the south border of Nepal is at the low level, which is less than 100mts AMSL, in most of the south border. Thus have notgone in detailsof thiscanal,asits level may change as per the cooperation given by the government of Nepal. Details of DCC, CE of himalaya: 12.13. GUC DCC1 and CE1; GUC DCC 1 (Ganga Upper Canal Direct Canal Connector 1): S. N.( GUC DCC 1 (Latitude) (Longitude)
  • 23. point) 1(GUC DCC 1 Start 950) (300 02’55.56”N) (780 027’42.83”E) 2(GUC DCC 1 Peak 1155) (300 02’56.28”N) (780 027’29.31”E) 3(GUC DCC 1 End 950) (300 02’51.14”N) (780 027’9.04”E) The lengthof thisDCC is 0.92 kms,and with this we will save 29 kms of GUC creation. DCC (Direct Canal Connectors are nothing but the can which we going to create through some elevated area in between. This is done by calculating the cost involved in creating the long canal versus the DCC. DCC will not reduce the water received by the canal as the rain water ultimately reaches the canal through the intersecting water pathways. GUC – CE 1 (Ganga Upper Canal – Canal Elevator 1): S. N.(GUC – CE 1 point) (Latitude) (Longitude) 1(GUC – CE 1Start 950) (300 01’29.97”N) (780 027’9.37”E) 2(GUC – CE 1 Bottom 575) (300 01’8.42”N) (780 026’29.90”E) 3(GUC – CE 1 End 950) (300 00’47.91”N) (780 025’52.72”E)
  • 24. The lengthof the GUC – CE 1 is2.43kms, andwith this we can save 47kms of GUC creation. With the GUC – CE, the back water is going to occupy the area below 950mts behind the canal elevator. GANGA UPPER CANAL - CANAL ELEVATOR1 shortens the length of creation of the canal. GANGA UPPER CANAL - CANAL ELEVATOR1; 12.14. YUC 800 Points: T1 to YUC800: T2 to YUC800:
  • 25. T3 to YUC800: T4 to YUC800: T5 to YUC800:
  • 26. S. N.(YUC 800 Points) (Latitude) (Longitude) (T1 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 024’57.37”N) (780 00’28.08”E) (T2 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 025’3.90”N) (770 058’22.17”E) (T3 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 025’50.88”N) (770 057’9.43”E) (T4 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 026’48.51”N) (770 054’48.69”E) (T5 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 028’3.77”N) (770 053’29.21”E) (T6 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 030’47.98”N) (780 01’58.56”E) (T7 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 046’39.33”N) (770 041’10.12”E) (T8 to Yamuna YUC 800) (300 047’6.71”N) (770 017’32.84”E) YUC T6 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 6 Canal Elevator): S. N.( YUC T6 CE 800 (Latitude) (Longitude)
  • 27. point) 1(YUC T6 CE 800 Start) (300 031’1.95”N) (770 053’49.64”E) 2(YUC T6 CE 535 Bottom) (300 031’17.08”N) (770 053’7.91”E) 3(YUC T6 CE 800 End) (300 031’25.51”N) (770 052’45.23”E) Length 1.87kms YUC T7 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 7 Canal Elevator): S. N.( YUC T7 CE 800 point) (Latitude) (Longitude) 1(YUC T7 CE 800 Start) (300 033’4.75”N) (770 049’38.26”E) 2(YUC T7 CE 500 Bottom) (300 033’7.33”N) (770 079’19.27”E) 3(YUC T7 CE 800 End) (300 033’10.30”N) (770 049’3.70”E) Length 0.94kms YUC T8 CE 800 (Yamuna Upper Canal Tributary 8 Canal Elevator):
  • 28. S. N.( YUC T8 CE 800 point) (Latitude) (Longitude) 1(YUC T8 CE 800 Start) (300 032’46.77”N) (770 040’19.84”E) 2(YUC T8 CE 470 Bottom) (300 032’29.78”N) (770 039’52.88”E) 3(YUC T8 CE 800 End) (300 032’2.40”N) (770 039’3.18”E) Length 2.46kms 12.15. Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start. Lengths of GRE – 950 to the FPC1 start, which is the path, where all the elevations and the depressionscominginthe pathare bypassedwithsuitable methods: The length of this path will be about five to six hundred kilometres. SN. Description. Length in kms 1. GRE - 950 1.69 2. GUC Start 950 to End 930 40.35 3. GUT Start 930 to End 870 54.90 4. GUT End 870 to YUC Start 800 2.00 5. YUC 800(Flat) 85.70 6. YUT Start 800 to End 700 370.00 7. YUT End 700 to FPC1 Start 500 0.62 Total length: 555.26