This presentation tells us about the relation between the environment and health of humans and the various changes happening in the air - water - food that we consume due to our own day to day activity. What are the per capita requirement of air - water - food and how increase in the population multiplied by the requirements of air - water - food increase the pressure on the environment with non union and selfish ness in the minds of the population is taking mother earth to her death bed and thus towards the end of all of us. Still there is a time to save all of us if we unite and work with cooperation and coordination.

1. IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT
ON HEALTH OF HUMANS
DR SHIVU P.
PEDIATRICIAN.
GOPALAGOWDA SHANTHAVERI MEMORIAL HOSPITAL. MYSORE,
KARNATAKA.

2. IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENT ON THE HEALTH OF THE
HUMANS
• WE LIVE IN SOLAR SYSTEM.
• SUN GIVES THE OXYGEN THROUGH THE PLANTS, TREES AND OCEAN PLANTS
(PHYTOPLANKTON, KELP, AND ALGAL PLANKTON) BY PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
• WATER AND CARBON DIOXIDE ARE THE BASIC NEED FOR THIS.
• NOW, THE CARBON DIOXIDE IS PRODUCES IN EXCESS BY THE HUGE MASS OF ANIMALS
ESPECIALLY HUMANS.
• 6H2O + 6CO2 ⇠⇢ C6H12O6 + 6O2

3. KINGDOMS ON THIS EARTH
OLD KINGDOMS (LIVING KINGDOM).
• PLANT KINGDOM.
• ANIMAL KINGDOM.
NEW KINGDOM CREATED BY THE MAN (NON LIVING KINGDOM).
• WEALTH KINGDOM ( BUILDING – FACTORIES – VEHICLES – GOLD - PLATINUM SO
ON)

4. 4 ‘I’ – IMPORTANT ROUTES OF ENTRY OF
IMPAIRMENT CAUSING IMPURITIES & INJURIES TO
DISTURB THE HEALTH OF HUMANS IN THIS
ENVIRONMENT
• INHALATION.
• INGESTION.
• INVASION – LOCAL / ANGIO INVASIVE / LYMPHANGIO INVASIVE.
• INJURY – PHYSICAL / CHEMICAL /RADIOLOGICAL.

5. 8 ‘I’ – IMPORTANT CAUSES WHICH IMPAIRS
THE HEALTH OF HUMANS IN THIS
ENVIRONMENT
• INFECTIONS ( VIRAL – BACTERIAL – FUNGAL – ATYPICAL ).
• INFESTATIONS ( PROTOZOAL, HELMINTHIC ).
• INFLAMMATION.
• IMMUNE MEDIATED.
• INJURIOUS ( PHYSICAL – CHEMICAL – RADIATIONAL ).
• IRRITATIONAL METAPLASIA CAUSING NEOPLASIA.
• INBORN ( METABOLIC – ANOMALOUS – SYNDROMIC DUE TO CHROMOSOMAL – GENETIC
DEFECTS ).
• INAPPROPRIATE NUTRITION.

6. COMPOSITION OF AIR
• THE COMPOSITION OF AIR IS NITROGEN (78%), OXYGEN (21%), ARGON (1%),
CARBON-DI-OXIDE (0.03%) AND WATER VAPOUR WITH FEW MORE MINUTE ELEMENTS
THAT WE ARE FORCED TO INHALE TO LIVE, WHICH GIVES LIFE FOR US WITH GOOD
HEALTH, IF THIS AIR IS GOOD.
• THE COMPOSITION OF GAS WE EXHALE ARE 4% TO 5% BY VOLUME MORE CARBON
DIOXIDE AND 4% TO 5% BY VOLUME LESS OXYGEN THAT WAS INHALED. THIS EXPIRED
AIR TYPICALLY COMPOSED OF 78.04% NITROGEN, 13.6% - 16% OXYGEN.
• THIS EXCHANGE HAPPENS BECAUSE OF DIFFUSION THROUGH CONCENTRATION
GRADIENT.

7. PHYSIOLOGY OF LUNGS.
• Air enters our body through the nose, rotates in the paranasal
sinuses, passes through the pharynx, larynx, trachea. Trachea
divides as right and left bronchi before it devides 23 times as
bronchi and bronchioles and ends in the alveoli.
• At the end of each terminal bronchiolar duct there are
approximately 100 alveolar sacs, each containing 20 to
30 alveoli that are 200 to 300 µm in diameter.
• Each alveolar membrane is one cell thick and is in direct
contact with capillaries that are also one cell thick.
• There are about 600 million alveoli in the lungs, with a total
surface area of about 75m2.
• The large alveolar surface area, combined with the thin
membranes, allows gases to diffuse easily across the alveolar

8. PARTIAL PRESSURES OF ATMOSPHERIC GASES
Partial Pressures of Atmospheric Gases
Gas Percent of total composition Partial pressure (mm Hg)
Nitrogen (N2) 78.6 597.4
Oxygen (O2) 20.9 158.8
Water (H2O) 0.04 3.0
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 0.004 0.3
Others 0.0006 0.5
Total composition/total atmospheric
pressure
100% 760.0

9. PARTIAL PRESSURES OF OXYGEN AT DIFFERENT SITES
• PATMO2 – PARTIAL PRESSURE OF OXYGEN IN THE ATMOSPHERE AT SEA LEVEL IS 160 MMHG,
THAT IS 21% AT STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE OF 760 MMHG.
• PAAO2 - THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF OXYGEN IN ALVEOLAR AIR IS ABOUT 104 MM HG.
• PPVO2 - THE PARTIAL PRESSURE OF THE OXYGENATED PULMONARY VENOUS BLOOD IS
ABOUT 100 MM HG.
• PAO2 – IN ARTERIAL BLOOD IS BETWEEN 75 MMHG AND 100 MMHG.
• PVO2 – OXYGEN TENSION IN VENOUS BLOOD AT SEA LEVEL IS BETWEEN 30 MMHG AND 40
MMHG.

10. ABG AND FIO2
• WE CONSIDER FIO2 OF THE AIR AS 0.2.
• IS THE FIO2 AT THE CENTER OF THE CITY WITH PACKED VEHICLES, IN THE VILLAGES AND IN
THE FOREST ARE THE SAME IS THE QUESTIONS TO BE EVALUATED.
• IF THERE IS RELATIVELY MORE CARBON DIOXIDE AND LESS OXYGEN IN THE INSPIRED OXYGEN,
THEN HOW IT IS GOING TO AFFECT THE GAS EXCHANGE AND FROM WHERE THE CARBON
DIOXIDE IS GOING TO BE EXCRETED FROM THE BODY ARE THE QUESTIONS TO BE EVALUATED.
• THE FOLLOWING ARE THE NORMAL RANGE RESULTS OF A BLOOD GAS TEST:
PH: 7.35–7.45.
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF OXYGEN (PAO2): 80–100 MILLIMETRES OF MERCURY (MMHG).
PARTIAL PRESSURE OF CARBON DIOXIDE: 35–45 MMHG.
NORMAL BICARBONATE LEVELS ARE: 24 TO 28 MILLI EQV/L.

11. COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTION GAS
• THE COMPOSITION OF MOST OF THE COMBUSTION GAS IS NITROGEN, WATER VAPOUR
(EXCEPT WITH PURE-CARBON FUELS), AND CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2) (EXCEPT FOR FUELS
WITHOUT CARBON); THESE ARE NOT TOXIC OR NON NOXIOUS (ALTHOUGH CARBON
DIOXIDE IS A GREENHOUSE GAS THAT CONTRIBUTES TO GLOBAL WARMING).
• A RELATIVELY SMALL PART OF COMBUSTION GAS IS UNDESIRABLE, NOXIOUS, OR TOXIC
SUBSTANCES, SUCH AS CARBON MONOXIDE FROM INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION,
HYDROCARBONS FROM UN BURNT FUEL, NITROGEN OXIDES FROM EXCESSIVE
COMBUSTION TEMPERATURES, AND PARTICULATE MATTER (MOSTLY SOOT).
• WE NEED TO ANALYSE THE COMPOSITION OF AIR PRESENT IN THE FOREST OR IN THE
VILLAGE OR IN THE CENTRE OF THE URBAN AREA WITH PACKED SLOWLY MOVING
VEHICLES, LIKE WHETHER ALL THESE AIR ARE THE SAME?

12. CHANGES IN INHALING AIR MIXED WITH COMBUSTION
GAS.
Partial Pressures of Atmospheric Gases and the air mixed with combustion gas.
Gas Percent of total composition Partial pressure (mm Hg)
Air mixed with combustion
gas.
Nitrogen (N2) 78.6 597.4 ↓, relatively.
Oxygen (O2) 20.9 158.8 ↓
Water (H2O) 0.04 3.0
↑, except with pure-
carbon fuels
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 0.004 0.3 ↑
Others 0.0006 0.5 ↑
Total composition/total
atmospheric pressure
100% 760.0

13. EFFECTS OF INHALING AIR MIXED WITH COMBUSTION
GAS.
• IMAGINE IF THE INHALED AIR CONTAINS MORE CONCENTRATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE
AND LESS OXYGEN THEN NATURALLY THE VOLUME OF CARBON DIOXIDE EXCRETING
FROM THE LUNG WILL DECREASE AND IT WILL REMAIN IN THE BLOOD OR THE BODY
HAS TO EXCRETE IT THROUGH OTHER PATHS.
• LESS OXYGEN IN THE INHALED AIR MAY LEAD TO LESS OXYGEN DIFFUSING IN TO THE
BLOOD.
• THAT IS RELATIVELY LESS OXYGEN AND MORE CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE INHALED AIR
MAKE THE LUNG TO GET LESS OXYGEN AND EXCRETE LESS CARBON DIOXIDE FROM THE
BODY.

14. CHANGES IN THE BLOOD FOLLOWING INHALATION OF
POLLUTED AIR.
Partial Pressures and PH
Percentage in normal air (Partial
pressure in mm Hg of normal air).
Air mixed with combustion gas.
Oxygen (O2) 20.9 (158.8) ↓
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 0.004 (0.3) ↑
ABG with normal air inhalation
ABG with air mixed with combustion
gas inhalation.
pH: 7.35–7.45. ↓ or near normal
Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2):
80–100 millimetres of mercury
(mmHg).
↓
Partial pressure of carbon dioxide
(PaCO2):
35–45 mmHg. ↑
Bicarbonate levels: 24 to 28 milli Eqv/L. ↑

15. SUB CLINICAL MANIFESTATION OF INHALATION OF
AIR MIXED WITH COMBUSTION GAS.
• PRESENTLY THE OXYGEN MAY NOT BE VERY LOW OR THE CARBON DIOXIDE
CONCENTRATION MAY NOT BE VERY HIGH TO CAUSE DEATH SUDDENLY, BUT MANY
PEOPLE ESPECIALLY WITH COMPROMISED LUNG OR THE PEOPLE WORKING AT THE
POLLUTED AREA WILL SUFFER WEAKNESS, LOSS OF ENERGY, HEAD ACHE, POOR
WORKING SPEED, POOR CONCENTRATION AND LETHARGY, APART FROM MANY
RELATED DISEASES AND EARLY DEATH THROUGH RESPIRATORY FAILURE –
MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION – CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS AND SO ON.

16. TREES AS AIR PURIFIER
• TREES RENEW OUR AIR SUPPLY BY ABSORBING CARBON DIOXIDE AND PRODUCING
OXYGEN.
• THE AMOUNT OF OXYGEN PRODUCED BY AN ACRE OF TREES PER YEAR EQUALS
THE AMOUNT CONSUMED BY 18 PEOPLE ANNUALLY.
• ONE TREE PRODUCES NEARLY 260 POUNDS OF OXYGEN EACH YEAR.
• ONE ACRE OF TREES REMOVES UP TO 2.6 TONS OF CARBON DIOXIDE EACH YEAR.
• ONE HECTARE (2.47 ACRES) MAY CONTAIN OVER 750 TYPES OF TREES AND 1500
SPECIES OF HIGHER PLANTS.

17. TREES AS DUST PURIFIER
• THE MOISTURE AND THE DEW ON THE LEAVES MAKES THE DUST TO STICK ON IT AND
PREVENTS THE MOVEMENT OF DUST IN THE AMBIENT AIR AND IN TO THE HOUSE.
• TREES GIVES PROTECTION AGAINST THE DUST STORMS.
• ROOTS OF THE TREES PROVIDES POCKETS FOR THE WATER TO STAY, THUS MOISTURE IN THE
SOIL IS PRESERVED AND THE FORMATION OF DUST AND THE AIR BECOMING DRY DECREASES.
• TREES DECREASES THE PROCESS OF EVAPORATION OF WATER FROM THE SOIL OR PRESERVES
SOIL MOISTURE AND THUS THE FORMATION OF DUST.
• TREES PROVIDES SHADE FOR THE VARIETIES OF SMALL PLANTS AND GRASS WHICH GROWS IN
THE SHADE, THESE KEEP THE SOIL MOIST, PREVENTS DRYING AND ALSO THE EROSION OF SOIL.
• TREES ADSORBS THE PARTICULATE MATTER TILL THE RAIN DROPS TAKES IT TO THE SOIL AND
THUS WORKS LIKE A BARRIER WALL BETWEEN THE DUST FORMING ROADS AND THE HOUSES.
• LEAVES TAKES UP CARBON DIOXIDE AND GIVES OXYGEN TO THE ATMOSPHERE.

18. TAKE DUST AS THE SIGN OF GLOBAL WARMING.
WE CAN SEE MORE DUST ADSORBED
OVER THE LEAVES WHICH ARE CLOSE
TO THE ROAD AND LESS DUST
PARTICLES OVERS THE LEAVES WHICH
ARE LITTLE AWAY FROM THE ROAD.
THUS TREES MAKES THE DUST NOT TO
FLY FOR LONG DISTANCE AND THUS
PREVENTS THE PARTICULATE MATTER
ENTERING THE LIVING AREA. WE GET
MORE DUST WHEN THE ATMOSPHERE IS
HOT AND DRY, WHICH IS A SIGH OF
GLOBAL WARMING, DUE TO POOR
SURFACE WATER MANAGEMENT WITH
THIS POPULATION.

19. PREVENT PARTICULATE
MATTER SPREAD
BY GROWING A LANE OF TREES WHICH ACTS LIKE A
WALL AT THE AREAS WHERE THERE IS THE POSSIBILITY
OF GENERATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER WILL
SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCE THE POLLUTION SPREADING
OUTSIDE THE LANE OF TREES AND THE INDOOR AIR
QUALITY BECOMES BETTER FOR THE HOUSES PRESENT
CLOSE TO THE ROADS.
IS THERE SUFFICIENT SPACE FOR THESE TREES - WHO
IMPLANTS THESE TREES – WHO PROVIDES WATER FOR
THESE TREES – WHO PROTECTS THESE TREES FROM
ANIMALS AND HUMANS – WHO LOOKS AFTER THE
LIVELIHOOD OF THE PEOPLE WHO TAKE CARE OF THESE
PLANTS - ARE THE ISSUES TO BE ADDRESSED.

20. PLANTS HELPS
OUR HEALTH
A ORDINARY CEMENT
COMPOUND WALL WILL NOT
ADSORB DUST AND
PARTICULATE MATTER TO
THE EXTENT THE PLANT
COMPOUND DOES, AND FOR
SURE IT IS NOT GOING TO
ABSORB CARBON DIOXIDE
AND RELEASE OXYGEN.
IN THIS ASPECT A
COMPOUND OF PLANTS IS

21. LAND POLLUTION LEADING TO IMPURE SOIL.
• THE DUST GENERATING FROM THE PURE SOIL IS LESS ALLERGIC.
• NOW IT IS DIFFICULT TO SEE THE DUST WITH PURE SOIL, AND MOST OF THE
TIME THESE DUST FROM THE SOIL WILL ALSO CONTAIN HIGHLY ALLERGIC
MATERIALS LIKE POLLENS, SOOT, CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS AS FREE POLLUTANTS
OR SMEARED ON PHYSICAL PARTICULATE MATTER.
• THE COMMON POLLUTANTS ARE PARTICULATE MATTER, CARBON MONOXIDE,
LEAD, NITROGEN OXIDES, GROUND-LEVEL OZONE, AND SULPHUR OXIDES.

22. PARTICULATE MATTER
• PM STANDS FOR PARTICULATE MATTER (ALSO CALLED PARTICLE
POLLUTANT): THE TERM FOR A MIXTURE OF SOLID PARTICLES AND LIQUID
DROPLETS FOUND IN THE AIR.
• SOME PARTICLES, SUCH AS DUST, DIRT, SOOT, OR SMOKE, ARE LARGE OR DARK
ENOUGH TO BE SEEN WITH THE NAKED EYE. OTHERS ARE SO SMALL THEY CAN
ONLY BE DETECTED USING AN ELECTRON MICROSCOPE.
• THERE ARE VARIETIES OF PARTICLE POLLUTANTS HAVING DIFFERENT SIZE –
SHAPE – WEIGHT – WITH DIFFERENT CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL COMPOSITION.
SMALLER PARTICULATE MATTERS TEND TO REMAIN IN THE TROPOSPHERE AND
MAY NOT SETTLE ON THE GROUND ON THEIR OWN:
• PM10 : INHALABLE PARTICLES, WITH DIAMETERS THAT ARE GENERALLY 10
MICROMETRES AND SMALLER; AND
• PM2.5 : FINE INHALABLE PARTICLES, WITH DIAMETERS THAT ARE GENERALLY 2.5
MICROMETRES AND SMALLER.

23. COMPARING PARTICULATE MATTER WITH HAIR.
How small is 2.5
micrometres?
Think about a single
hair from the head. The
average human hair is
about 70 micrometres
in diameter – making it
30 times larger than
the largest fine particle.

24. SOURCES OF PARTICULATE MATTER (PM)
• SOME ARE EMITTED DIRECTLY FROM A SOURCE, SUCH AS
CONSTRUCTION SITES, UNPAVED ROADS, FIELDS, SMOKESTACKS OR
FIRES.
• MOST PARTICLES FORM IN THE ATMOSPHERE AS A RESULT OF COMPLEX
REACTIONS OF CHEMICALS SUCH AS SULPHUR DIOXIDE AND NITROGEN
OXIDES, WHICH ARE POLLUTANTS EMITTED FROM POWER PLANTS,
INDUSTRIES AND AUTOMOBILES.

25. WHAT ARE THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF PM?
• PARTICULATE MATTER CONTAINS MICROSCOPIC SOLIDS OR LIQUID
DROPLETS THAT ARE SO SMALL THAT THEY CAN BE INHALED AND CAUSE
SERIOUS HEALTH PROBLEMS. SOME PARTICLES LESS THAN 10
MICROMETRES IN DIAMETER CAN GET DEEP INTO THE LUNGS AND SOME
MAY EVEN GET INTO THE BLOODSTREAM.
• PARTICLES LESS THAN 2.5 MICROMETRES IN DIAMETER, ALSO KNOWN AS
FINE PARTICLES OR PM2.5, POSE THE GREATEST RISK TO HEALTH.

26. HEALTH EFFECTS OF PM
THE SIZE OF PARTICLES IS DIRECTLY LINKED TO THEIR POTENTIAL FOR CAUSING HEALTH
PROBLEMS. EXPOSURE TO SUCH PARTICLES CAN AFFECT BOTH THE LUNGS AND THE
HEART. NUMEROUS SCIENTIFIC STUDIES HAVE LINKED PARTICLE POLLUTION EXPOSURE TO A
VARIETY OF PROBLEMS, INCLUDING:
• PREMATURE DEATH IN PEOPLE WITH HEART OR LUNG DISEASE
• IRREGULAR HEARTBEAT - NON FATAL HEART ATTACKS
• DECREASED LUNG FUNCTION - AGGRAVATED ASTHMA
• INCREASED RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS, SUCH AS IRRITATION OF THE AIRWAYS, COUGHING OR
DIFFICULTY IN BREATHING.
• PEOPLE WITH HEART OR LUNG DISEASES, CHILDREN, AND OLDER ADULTS ARE THE MOST

27. ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF PM
VISIBILITY IMPAIRMENT.
• FINE PARTICLES (PM2.5) ARE THE MAIN CAUSE OF REDUCED VISIBILITY (HAZE) IN MANY PARTS
INCLUDING MANY OF NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDERNESS AREAS.
ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE.
• PARTICLES CAN BE CARRIED OVER LONG DISTANCES BY WIND AND THEN SETTLE ON GROUND OR
WATER. DEPENDING ON THEIR CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, THE EFFECTS OF THIS SETTLING MAY
INCLUDE : MAKING LAKES AND STREAMS ACIDIC, CHANGING THE NUTRIENT BALANCE IN COASTAL
WATERS AND LARGE RIVER BASINS, DEPLETING THE NUTRIENTS IN SOIL, DAMAGING SENSITIVE
FORESTS AND FARM CROPS, AFFECTING THE DIVERSITY OF ECOSYSTEMS, CONTRIBUTING TO ACID
RAIN EFFECTS.
MATERIALS DAMAGE.
• PM CAN STAIN AND DAMAGE STONE AND OTHER MATERIALS, INCLUDING CULTURALLY IMPORTANT

28. TYPES OF RESPIRATORY POLLUTANTS.
• CARBON MONOXIDE, FORMALDEHYDE, METHYLENE CHLORIDE, NITROGEN
DIOXIDE, TETRACHLOROETHYLENE, CHLORPYRIFOS, LEAD, MERCURY,
METHYLMERCURY, NITROGEN OXIDES, NITROGEN DIOXIDE, GROUND-LEVEL
OZONE, SULPHUR DIOXIDE, PARTICULATE MATTER,
• ACROLEIN, ASBESTOS, BENZENE, CARBON DISULPHIDE, CREOSOTE, FUEL OILS
/ KEROSENE, POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHS), SYNTHETIC
VITREOUS FIBRES, TOTAL PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS,
• ANIMAL / BIRD DANDER – EXCRETA – PROTEINS – SEPARATED, DEAD AND
DECAYING MATERIALS.

29. TYPES OF RESPIRATORY POLLUTANTS.
• AIR POLLUTANTS HAVE COMPLEX CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL FEATURES DEPENDENT
ON THE SOURCES OF POLLUTANTS.
• OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS ARE EITHER DERIVED FROM HUMAN ACTIVITIES, SUCH
AS INDUSTRIAL EMISSIONS, ROAD TRAFFIC, RESIDENTIAL HEATING, SHIPPING, AIR
TRAFFIC, CONSTRUCTION, AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES, WAR AND FIRE ACCIDENTS,
OR FROM NATURAL HAZARDS, SUCH AS EARTHQUAKE, TSUNAMI, VOLCANIC
ERUPTION, SPONTANEOUS FOREST FIRES, AND EXTREME TEMPERATURE.
• ALTHOUGH NATURAL HAZARDS OCCUR INDEPENDENT OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES, THEY
AFFECT THE LIVING ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH, AND LIVES OF HUMANS AS HAZARDOUS
EVENTS.

30. TYPES OF RESPIRATORY POLLUTANTS.
• INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS ARE GENERALLY RELEASED FROM SMOKING, BUILDING
MATERIALS, AIR CONDITIONING, HOUSE CLEANING OR AIR REFRESHING PRODUCTS,
HEATING, LIGHTING, AND WOOD, FUEL, OR COAL USAGE IN COOKING.
• CHEMICALLY, THESE POLLUTANTS CAN BE PRESENTED AS THE VAPOR FORMS OF
INORGANIC POLLUTANTS, SUCH AS OZONE (O3), CARBON MONOXIDE (CO),
NITROGEN DIOXIDE (NO2), AND SULPHUR DIOXIDE (SO2), OR AS THE VAPOR FORMS
OF ORGANIC POLLUTANTS, SUCH AS POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
(PAHS), MONOCYCLIC HYDROCARBONS BENZENE, TOLUENE, XYLENE, AND ALIPHATIC
CHEMICALS.

31. TYPES OF RESPIRATORY POLLUTANTS.
• THE PARTICULATE FORMS OF AIR POLLUTANTS, HOWEVER, USUALLY
CONSIST OF AN INNER CARBON CORE WITH VARIOUS ORGANIC
POLLUTANTS AND/OR HEAVY METALS ON THE SURFACE.
• THE MOST HARMFUL FORMS OF PARTICULATE MATTER (PM) INCLUDE
PM10 (<10 ΜM IN AERODYNAMIC DIAMETER), FINE PARTICLES
PM2.5 (<2.5 ΜM), AND ULTRAFINE PARTICLES (LESS THAN 0.1 ΜM OR
100 NM), WHICH CAN BE RELEASED FROM DIESEL ENGINES,
VOLCANOES, ASBESTOS, UNPAVED ROADS, PLOWING, BURNING FIELDS,
LINT, POLLENS, AND SPORES.

32. AIR POLLUTIONS AND ITS SHORT AND LONG TERM
EFFECTS.
• AIR POLLUTION INCREASES THE RISK OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES, SUCH AS ASTHMA,
RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, AND COPD, IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS.
• MATERNAL EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTANTS MEDIATES BOTH SHORT-TERM AND LONG-TERM
EFFECTS ON THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.
• AS DESCRIBED, EXTENSIVE EPIDEMIOLOGIC AND META-ANALYSIS STUDIES SHOWED THE
ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PRENATAL AIR POLLUTION EXPOSURE AND THE ADVERSE BIRTH
OUTCOMES, INCLUDING PRETERM BIRTH, INTRAUTERINE GROWTH RESTRICTION, LOW BIRTH
WEIGHT, PREGNANCY LOSS, AND DEFECTIVE FOETAL LUNG DEVELOPMENT.
• INVESTIGATIONS ARE REQUIRED FOR BETTER UNDERSTANDING OF CAUSATIVE PATHWAYS IN
THE ENVIRONMENTALLY INDUCED LATE ONSET OF RESPIRATORY DISEASES.

33. AIR POLLUTIONS AND ITS SHORT AND LONG TERM EFFECTS
ON THE DEVELOPING FETUS
THE MATERNAL EXPOSURE
AND DISORDERS FURTHER
IMPACT ON FOETAL LUNG
FUNCTIONAL AND
STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT,
LEADING TO VARIOUS LATE
ONSET RESPIRATORY
DISEASES. ABNORMAL LUNG
DEVELOPMENT, DISRUPTED
IMMUNE RESPONSES, AND
ALTERED EPIGENETIC
REGULATIONS WERE
SUGGESTED AS POTENTIAL

34. COMBUSTION GAS MIXING WITH AIR
IS BECOMING A CONTINUOUS PROCESS.
• WE LIVE IN CITIES AND IN VILLAGES WITH OUR VEHICLES FOR OUR MOVEMENT. WE ARE
NOT LIVING INSIDE THE THICK FOREST ROUTINELY.
• TREES WHICH PRODUCE OXYGEN ARE NOT MOVING WITH US.
• VEHICLES, WHICH PRODUCES HARMFUL GASES MOVE WITH US MOST OF THE TIME.
• AT PRESENT WE GET THE POLLUTED AIR EVEN, IF WE ARE NOT USING THE VEHICLE.
• ENVIRONMENT TRIES TO EQUILIBRATE THESE GASES BY DIFFUSION AND THUS TRY TO
PROTECT US, THIS PROCESS TAKES SOME TIME, BUT BY THAT TIME WE BREATHE THAT
HARMFUL GAS SEVERAL TIMES.
• BY THE TIME ENVIRONMENT EQUILIBRATES AND MAKES THE AIR LESS POISONOUS WE
AGAIN ADD HARMFUL GAS TO THE PLACE WE LIVE. THIS PROCESS IS CONTINUING

35. MODES OF DESTRUCTION OF OXYGEN GENERATOR
• 25 CRORE HOUSES COVERING MORE THAN 3 LAKH SQUARE KILOMETRES OF LAND IN
THE NAME OF BUILDINGS OUT OF 30 LAKH SQUARE KILOMETRES OF TOTAL AVAILABLE
LAND OF INDIA.
• CREATED MORE THAN 70 LAKH KILOMETERS OF ROAD OCCUPYING MORE THAN ONE
LAKH SQUARE KILOMETRES OF LAND OUT OF 30 LAKH SQUARE KILOMETRES OF
TOTAL AVAILABLE LAND OF INDIA.
• THERE WERE THREE LAKH REGISTERED VEHICLES IN THE YEAR 1950 IN INDIA, NOW IT
IS MORE THAN 25 CRORES.
• WE BURN MORE THAN 150 CRORE LITERS OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN A DAY IN
INDIA BY TAKING MORE THAN 300 CRORE LITERS OF CRUDE OIL AND THE OVER
SURFACE CAN COLLAPSE ANY TIME.
• THERE WERE 11 LAKH SQUARE KILOMETERS OF FOREST COVER IN INDIA AT THE TIME

36. GREENHOUSE GASES.
• GASES THAT TRAP HEAT IN THE ATMOSPHERE ARE CALLED GREENHOUSE GASES.
• THESE GASES ABSORBS AND EMITS RADIANT ENERGY WITHIN THE THERMAL INFRARED RANGE,
CAUSING THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT.
• THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT IS A NATURAL PROCESS THAT WARMS THE EARTH’S SURFACE. WHEN THE
SUN’S ENERGY REACHES THE EARTH’S ATMOSPHERE, SOME OF IT IS REFLECTED BACK TO SPACE AND
THE REST IS ABSORBED AND RE-RADIATED BY GREENHOUSE GASES.
• THE ABSORBED ENERGY WARMS THE ATMOSPHERE AND THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH. THIS PROCESS
MAINTAINS THE EARTH’S TEMPERATURE AT AROUND 33 DEGREE CELSIUS WARMER THAN IT WOULD
OTHERWISE BE, ALLOWING LIFE ON EARTH TO EXIST.
• ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT: THE PROBLEM WE NOW FACE IS THAT HUMAN ACTIVITIES –
PARTICULARLY BURNING FOSSIL FUELS (COAL, OIL AND NATURAL GAS), AGRICULTURE AND LAND
CLEARING – ARE INCREASING THE CONCENTRATIONS OF GREENHOUSE GASES. THIS IS THE
ENHANCED GREENHOUSE EFFECT, WHICH IS CONTRIBUTING TO WARMING OF THE EARTH.

37. GREENHOUSE EFFECT
• STEP 1: SOLAR RADIATION REACHES THE EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE - SOME OF THIS IS REFLECTED
BACK INTO SPACE.
• STEP 2: THE REST OF THE SUN'S ENERGY IS ABSORBED BY THE LAND AND THE OCEANS,
HEATING THE EARTH.
• STEP 3: HEAT RADIATES FROM EARTH TOWARDS SPACE.
• STEP 4: SOME OF THIS HEAT IS TRAPPED BY GREENHOUSE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE, KEEPING
THE EARTH WARM ENOUGH TO SUSTAIN LIFE.
• STEP 5: HUMAN ACTIVITIES SUCH AS BURNING FOSSIL FUELS, AGRICULTURE AND LAND
CLEARING ARE INCREASING THE AMOUNT OF GREENHOUSE GASES RELEASED INTO THE
ATMOSPHERE.

38. GREENHOUSE GASES.
GREENHOUSE GASES ARE:
• WATER VAPOR (H2O),
• CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2),
• METHANE (CH4),
• NITROUS OXIDE (N2O),
• GROUND LEVEL OZONE (O3),
• FLUORINATED GASES [CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS (CFCS), HYDROFLUOROCARBONS
(INCLUDES HCFC’S AND HFCS)].

39. VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC’S)
• VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (VOC’S) ARE ORGANIC CHEMICALS THAT HAVE A
HIGH VAPOUR PRESSURE AT ROOM TEMPERATURE. HIGH VAPOR PRESSURE
CORRELATES WITH A LOW BOILING POINT, WHICH RELATES TO THE NUMBER OF THE
SAMPLE'S MOLECULES IN THE SURROUNDING AIR, A TRAIT KNOWN AS VOLATILITY.
• THEY ARE EMITTED AS GASES FROM CERTAIN SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS. VOCS INCLUDE A
VARIETY OF CHEMICALS, SOME OF WHICH MAY HAVE SHORT AND LONG TERM
ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECTS.

40. VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ARE:
• BENZENE,
• ETHYLENE GLYCOL,
• FORMALDEHYDE,
• METHYLENE CHLORIDE,
• TETRACHLOROETHYLENE,
• TOLUENE,
• XYLENE,
• 1,3-BUTADIENE.
• ACETONE,
• ACETIC ACID,
• CARBON DISULPHIDE,
• ALCOHOLS,
• AND SO ON.

41. COMMON SOURCES OF VOC
HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS, INCLUDING:
• PAINTS, PAINT STRIPPERS AND OTHER SOLVENTS
• WOOD PRESERVATIVES
• AEROSOL SPRAYS
• CLEANSERS AND DISINFECTANTS
• MOTH REPELLENTS AND AIR FRESHENERS
• STORED FUELS AND AUTOMOTIVE PRODUCTS
• HOBBY SUPPLIES
• DRY-CLEANED CLOTHING
• PESTICIDE
OTHER PRODUCTS, INCLUDING:
• BUILDING MATERIALS AND FURNISHINGS
• OFFICE EQUIPMENT SUCH AS COPIERS AND PRINTERS, CORRECTION FLUIDS AND CARBONLESS COPY PAPER
• GRAPHICS AND CRAFT MATERIALS INCLUDING GLUES AND ADHESIVES, PERMANENT MARKERS AND
PHOTOGRAPHIC SOLUTIONS.

42. HEALTH EFFECTS ON EXPOSURE TO VOC’S:
• EYE, NOSE AND THROAT, RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION, EPISTAXIS, DYSPNOEA.
• HEADACHES, LOSS OF COORDINATION, NAUSEA, VOMITING.
• VISUAL DISORDERS AND MEMORY IMPAIRMENT.
• DAMAGE TO LIVER, KIDNEY AND CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
• ALLERGIC SKIN REACTION.
• DECLINES IN SERUM CHOLINESTERASE LEVELS.
• FATIGUE.
• SOME ORGANICS CAN CAUSE CANCER IN ANIMALS, SOME ARE SUSPECTED OR KNOWN TO
CAUSE CANCER IN HUMANS.
• THE ABILITY OF ORGANIC CHEMICALS TO CAUSE HEALTH EFFECTS VARIES GREATLY FROM
THOSE THAT ARE HIGHLY TOXIC, TO THOSE WITH NO KNOWN HEALTH EFFECT.

43. STEPS TO REDUCE EXPOSURE TO VOC’S
• INCREASE VENTILATION WHEN USING PRODUCTS THAT EMIT VOCS.
• MEET OR EXCEED ANY LABEL PRECAUTIONS.
• DO NOT STORE OPENED CONTAINERS OF UNUSED PAINTS AND SIMILAR MATERIALS WITHIN THE
SCHOOL.
• FORMALDEHYDE, ONE OF THE BEST KNOWN VOCS, IS ONE OF THE FEW INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS
THAT CAN BE READILY MEASURED.
• IDENTIFY, AND IF POSSIBLE, REMOVE THE SOURCE.
• IF NOT POSSIBLE TO REMOVE, REDUCE EXPOSURE BY USING A SEALANT ON ALL EXPOSED SURFACES OF
PANELLING AND OTHER FURNISHINGS.
• USE INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES TO REDUCE THE NEED FOR PESTICIDES.
• USE HOUSEHOLD PRODUCTS ACCORDING TO MANUFACTURER'S DIRECTIONS.
• MAKE SURE YOU PROVIDE PLENTY OF FRESH AIR WHEN USING THESE PRODUCTS.
• THROW AWAY UNUSED OR LITTLE-USED CONTAINERS SAFELY; BUY IN QUANTITIES THAT YOU WILL
USE SOON.
• KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN AND PETS.

44. THE SMOG DUE TO GROUND LEVEL OZONE WILL TELL
THE EXTENT OF POLLUTION.
• SMOG, FORMED MAINLY ABOVE
URBAN CENTRES, IS COMPOSED
MAINLY OF TROPOSPHERIC
OZONE (O3) + PRIMARY
PARTICULATE MATTER SUCH AS
POLLEN AND DUST +
SECONDARY PARTICULATE
MATTER SUCH AS SULPHUR
OXIDES, VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS, NITROGEN OXIDES
(NOX) AND AMMONIA GAS.

45. VOCS CONTRIBUTE FOR GREENHOUSE GASES
• NITROGEN AND OXYGEN ARE EXISTING IN THE ATMOSPHERE IN PLENTY, 78 AND 21
% RESPECTIVELY. THEY DO NOT FUSE TOGETHER.
• BUT UNDER HIGH TEMPERATURE THEY FUSE ONE ANOTHER AND FORM NITROGEN
OXIDE WHICH HAPPENS COMMONLY IN THE VEHICLE ENGINES, SOME OF THE
INDUSTRIES, AT THE SITE OF METAL WELDING, LIGHTENING AND SO ON. THEY WILL
BE RELEASED IN TO THE TROPOSPHERE.
• IN THE TROPOSPHERE THIS NITROGEN OXIDES FUSE WITH VOC MOLECULES BY
PHOTOCHEMICAL REACTIONS BY THE HEAT OF THE SUNLIGHT AND FOAMS THE
GROUND LEVEL OZONE, A GREENHOUSE GAS WHICH IS INJURIES TO BOTH ANIMALS
AND PLANTS.

46. GLOBAL WARMING AFFECTS THE LUNGS
• GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGE DUE TO INCREASED GROUND-LEVEL OZONE
WHICH IS INHALED, CAUSE AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND DAMAGE TO THE LUNG TISSUE.
• AIR POLLUTION CERTAINLY INTERFERES WITH THE LUNG DEFENCES, THUS FACILITATING
THE DEVELOPMENT OF PULMONARY DISEASES, SUCH AS RHINOSINUSITIS, RESPIRATORY
TRACT INFECTIONS, EXACERBATION OF PULMONARY DISEASE, ALLERGIES AND ASTHMA.
• THE LUNG IS ONE OF THE MOST IMPORTANT ORGANS EXPOSED
TO ENVIRONMENTAL AGENTS.
• EXPOSURE TO AIR POLLUTION INCREASES THE RISK FOR LUNG CANCER, HEART ATTACKS,
STROKE AND IN EXTREME CASES, PREMATURE DEATH.
• EXTREME TEMPERATURE EVENTS (BOTH HOT AND COLD), CHANGES IN AIR POLLUTION,
CHANGES IN ALLERGEN DISPOSITION AND CONSEQUENT ALLERGIES, AND DUST STORMS
AFFECTS THE LUNGS EITHER IN SHORT OR LONG TERM.

47. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN HELPING
TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
• WE DO NOT KNOW SINCE WHEN THESE POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERE ARE
EXISTING AND WHEN, WHERE AND HOW THEY ARE GOING TO GO.
• IT IS DEFINATLY POSSIBLE TO DECREASE THE PRODUCTION OF VOCS, GHG, PM’S
ADDING IN TO THE ATMOSPHERE TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGES. FOR WHICH COMMUNITY COOPERATIVE COORDINATED ACTIVITY WITH
HUMAN TOUCH IS REQUIRED.

48. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN HELPING
TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
• NOW, WE KNOW THESE COMPOUNDS, WE KNOW THE SOURCE, WE KNOW HOW THEY
CAN BE RECYCLED OR HOW TO REDUCE THE QUANTITY OF PRODUCTION OR HOW
TO MODIFY THE PRODUCT WHICH ARE LESS TOXIC TO THE ENVIRONMENT AND
HUMANS.
• TO APPLY THESE PRINCIPLES TO THE MAXIMUM WITH MINIMUM TIME PERIOD,
BEFORE THESE CHANGES INJURES OR DAMAGES OR KILLS ALL OF US, ‘CREATE ONE
MODEL VILLAGE FOR ONE LAKH POPULATION IN ABOUT FOUR SQUARE KILOMETRE
BUILDING WITH THE LAND OF SIX TO EIGHT KILOMETRES OF RADIUS AROUND THE
MODEL VILLAGE TO GROW ALL THAT WE EAT IN TWO THIRD AREA OF LAND AND
THE TREES THAT WE NEVER CUT IN ONE THIRD AREA OF LAND TO ABSORB GHG

49. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN HELPING
TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
GET WATER FOR ALL THESE ACTIVITIES BY ‘EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT OF THE
AVAILABLE SURFACE WATER AT INDIVIDUAL / FAMILY / COMMUNITY / NATIONAL
LEVEL GIVING JUSTICE TO BOTH FLOOD AND DROUGHT AREAS AND CONNECTING
OURSELVES THROUGH CONVENIENT ROAD AND RAILWAY TRACT SYSTEM TO
REDUCE THE LENGTH OF ROADS’ WILL REDUCE THE VOCS / GHG / PM’S TO THE
MAXIMUM IN THIS ENVIRONMENT, WHERE WE LIVE TO RESTORE THE RESPIRATORY
HEALTH IN PARTICULAR AND THE GENERAL HEALTH IN GENERAL WITH
REDUCTION IN GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGES.

50. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN HELPING
TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
• THIS SYSTEM OF CREATING ONE MODEL VILLAGE FOR ONE LAKH POPULATION,
• DECREASES - THE NEED FOR VEHICLES, NEED FOR TRAVEL, VOLUME OF FOSSIL FUEL
USAGE, THE LENGTH AND BREADTH OF THE ROADS, THE AREA CONSUMED BY THE
RESIDENCES AND BUILDINGS, THE DESTRUCTION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURE
LANDS, THE WASTE GENERATION, THE QUANTITY OF LAND FILLING, THE VOLUME OF
LIQUID WASTE, THE WASTES FROM THE LIVESTOCK, THE AGRICULTURAL WASTES,
THE NEED FOR THE PRODUCTS WHICH PRODUCES VOC AS INDOOR POLLUTANT, AIR
– WATER – FOOD – LAND – LIGHT – SOUND POLLUTIONS,
• AND INCREASES – THE NUMBER OF TREES, AIR – WATER – FOOD QUALITY

51. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN
HELPING TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND
CLIMATE CHANGE
• WITH MODEL VILLAGE SYSTEM, UNIVERSAL SUSTAINABLE BIOLOGICAL
TREATMENT SYSTEMS CAN BE INCORPORATED TO DECREASE THE VOLUME OF
VOC ENTERING IN TO THE ATMOSPHERE.
• THERE ARE VARIOUS METHODS AVAILABLE TO REDUCE VOC PRODUCTION LIKE:
• PHYSICOCHEMICAL METHODS: THERMAL OXIDATION (RECUPERATIVE,
REGENERATIVE, CATALYTIC), CONDENSATION, ABSORPTION, ADSORPTION,
CHEMICAL SCRUBBING.
• BIOLOGICAL METHODS: BIO FILTRATION, BIO TRICKLING, BIO SCRUBBING.

52. MANAGE THE EXISTING POLLUTANTS IN HELPING
TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE
CHANGE
• GROWING TREES IN ONE THIRD LAND IN ALL THE MODEL VILLAGES WILL CONVERT THE CO2 IN
TO CARBON MASS AND THUS THE LOAD OF GHG DECREASES PROVIDED, THE TREES GETS
ADEQUATE WATER AND NUTRIENTS FROM THE SOIL AS CARBON DIOXIDE ALONE IS NOT GOING
TO GROW THE TREE.
• IN THE ABSENCE OF WATER IN THE SOIL THE LOAD OF GHG IS NOT GOING TO DECREASE AND
HENCE THE GLOBAL WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGES.
• TALL AND BIG TREES HAS HIGHER MASS OF CARBON AND SUCH TYPES OF TREES ARE SEEN
WHERE THE GROUND AND UNDERGROUND WATER SOURCE ARE ADEQUATE AS COMPARED TO
THE SAME SPECIES OF TREES SEEN IN DIFFERENT PLACE WHERE THERE IS SCARCITY OF WATER.
• SO, EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT / DISTRIBUTION OF THE AVAILABLE SURFACE WATER IS THE KEY
IN REDUCING THE LOAD OF GHG.

53. WELLS & BORE WELLS PROVIDES UNDERGROUND
WATER - UGD & BOX DRAINAGE PREVENTS
RECHARGE OF UNDERGROUND TABLES.
• TREES DEPEND ON THE UNDERGROUND WATER FOR THEIR SURVIVAL.
• AGRICULTURE LAND AND RURAL INDIA HAS 4 TO 5 BORE WELLS PER HECTARE OF LAND.
URBAN AREA MAY HAVE MORE THAN 10 BORE WELLS PER HECTARE OF LAND.
• WE EXTRACT UNDER GROUND WATER EXCESSIVELY AND CONTINUOUSLY MORE THAN
ITS RECHARGE.
• WE MAKE THE SURFACE RAIN WATER, SEWAGE AND SULLAGE WATER TO FLOW IN
CONCREATE BOX DRAINAGE AND UNDER GROUND DRAINAGE SYSTEM THUS THERE IS
NO PERCOLATION AT THE SITE WHERE THE UNDERGROUND WATER IS LESS OR NIL.

54. MORE AND MORE AREAS ARE BECOMING
DESERTS
• WE HAVE PLANTED FEW THOUSAND HECTARE OF PLANT SAMPLINGS FROM THE PAST
FEW DECADES ON ONE SIDE AND WE HAVE DESTROYED FEW LAKH SQUARE
KILOMETERS OF FOREST LAND MANUALLY AND EXTRACTED ALL THE POSSIBLE
UNDERGROUND WATER THROUGH BORE WELLS AND THUS WE MADE THE TREES TO
DIE SPONTANEOUSLY ON THE OTHER SIDE.
• WITH ALL THESE THINGS THE ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE IS INCREASING,
SURFACE WATER AT THE PLACE WHERE THE PEOPLE LIVE IS DECREASING, LANDS ARE
BECOMING DRY WITHOUT THE WATER CONTENT, DRY SOIL IS COVERING MORE AND
MORE AREA AND THUS THE DROUGHT PRONE AREAS ARE INCREASING, WHEN IT
REACHES ITS PEAK THAT AREA GOES FOR DESERTIFICATION.

55. TREES ARE NOT
GETTING THEIR
SHARE OF WATER.
THEY NEED THEIR
WATER.
• 1. EXCESS EXTRACTION OF WATER FROM THE UNDERGROUND TABLE MORE THAN ITS RECHARGE.
• 2. EXCESS UTILIZATION OF WATER DUE TO OVERCROWDING IN THE HOUSE / INCREASED
POPULATION AND ADDING HARMFUL CHEMICALS TO THE WATER.
• 3. THE EXCESS WATER – USED / UNUSED CONTAMINATED WATER ENTERS THE UGD / BOX
DRAINAGE AND WILL NOT CONTRIBUTE FOR UNDERGROUND WATER RECHARGE AT THAT AREA.
4. MORE VEHICLES MAKE THE AIR MORE HOT, INCREASES THE PROCESS OF EVAPORATION,
KEEPS THE LAND AND AIR DRY AND HOT, GENERATION OF MORE VOC, PM’S, GHG LIKE
GROUND LEVEL OZONE CAUSING CHLOROSIS AND NECROSIS OF PLANT TISSUE.
5. SEWAGE WATER CONTAINING HARMFUL CHEMICALS REACHING THE ROOTS OF THE TREES FROM DAMAGED SEPTIC TANK
AND UGD CAUSES CHEMICAL INJURY TO THE TREES.
6. NECROSED AND DEAD PLANT ROOTS AND OTHER STRUCTURES OF THE TREE LOSE THEIR NORMAL FLEXIBILITY AND FALLS
We may not be cutting the trees all the time,
but all of us at all the time are busy in killing
trees / lung space without our knowledge.

56. TREES PREVENTS POLLUTION
• KEEPS THE SOIL MOIST – DECREASED DUST FORMATION – WITH ITS LOWER STEM –
ROOTS – SHADE.
• GIVES HOME FOR MANY PLANTS WHICH GROWS IN THE SHADE, THESE PLANTS WITH
TREE PROTECT THE TOP SOIL WITH MICROBIOTA.
• THE DEW ON THE LEAVES MAKES THE DUST PARTICLES TO GET STICKED TILL THE RAIN
TAKES IT WITH ITS DROPS.
• TAKES CARBON DIOXIDE AND GIVES OXYGEN.
• IF THERE ARE MORE TREES BETWEEN THE HOUSES AND BETWEEN THE ROAD AND
HOUSE, THEN THERE IS LESS CHANCES OF GETTING ALLERGENS.

57. ALLERGEN IS AN ALLERGEN.
POISON IS A POISON.
WHERE EVER IT GOES IT INJURES – KILLS IF
POSSIBLE,
NOT ONLY HUMANS BUT THE ENTIRE ANIMAL
KINGDOM.
• DUSTS FROM THE SOIL OR SAND MAY NOT BE ALLERGIC TO THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
TO THE GREATER EXTENT.
• BUT THEY ARE NOT PURE. THEY CONTAIN MANY ALLERGENS LIKE PARTHENIUM, POLLENS,
PROTEIN PARTICLES OF DEAD – DRIED ANIMALS - BIRDS – INSECTS, SOOT AND
CHEMICALS FROM VEHICLES AND FACTORIES, PAINTS, INSECTICIDES, PESTICIDES,
CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS, HAZARDOUS SLOW AND FAST RELEASING MATERIALS FROM LAND
FILLING AND SO ON.
• A POLLUTANT OR AN ALLERGEN OR A POISON IS NOT GOING TO CHANGE THEIR
PROPERTY WHERE EVER THEY GO LIKE IN TO THE AIR OR TO THE SURFACE WATER OR TO
THE UNDER GROUND WATER OR TO THE LAND AND THEY RETAIN THEIR CHARACTER IN

58. OPTIMUM NUTRITION IS THE NEED TO
MAINTAIN HEALTHY LUNG.
• GOOD BALANCED NUTRITION IS THE NEED FOR THE GROWTH AND
FUNCTIONING OF THE LUNG AND THE BODY.
• IT SUPPORTS THE AGE APPROPRIATE NORMAL GROWTH OF THE LUNG, HELPS TO
MAINTAIN THE NORMAL PHYSIOLOGY OF THE LUNG LIKE OPTIMUM SECRETION
OF SURFACTANT – OPTIMUM SECRETION OF MUCUS – FUNCTIONING OF THE
CILIA – REPAIR OF THE DAMAGED EPITHELIUM AND INTERSTITIUM – TO DEVELOP
THE IMMUNITY IN SUCH A WAY THAT IT GIVES PROTECTION AGAINST ALL THE
PATHOGENS BUT NOT RECOGNIZING ITS OWN TISSUE AS FOREIGN.

59. TO GET OPTIMUM NUTRITION WE NEED 2000 LITERS OF
WATER PER DAY PER PERSON APPROXIMATELY.
(FOOD ARTICLE – QUANTITY IN GRAMS – WATER REQUIRED TO GROW THAT QUANTITY
OF FOOD – AREA IN SQUARE METERS TO GROW THAT QUANTITY OF FOOD).
• CEREALS – 500 GRAMS – 750 LITERS –
500MT2.
• PULSES – 100 GRAMS – 100 LITERS -
200MT2.
• VEGETABLES – 200 GRAMS – 200 LITERS -
400MT2.
• FRUITS – 200 GRAMS – 200 LITERS -
2
• MILK – 200 ML – 200 LITERS - 200MT2.
• SUGAR – 30 GRAMS – 100 LITERS -
100MT2.
• MEAT – 100 GRAMS – 150 LITERS -
200MT2.
• SPICES – 15 GRAMS – 50 LITERS - 100MT2.
• SALT - 5 GRAMS.
• DOMESTIC AND DRINKING – 200 LITERS.

60. TO GET OPTIMUM NUTRITION WE NEED 2000 LITERS OF WATER PER
DAY PER PERSON APPROXIMATELY.
(FOOD ARTICLE – QUANTITY IN GRAMS – WATER REQUIRED TO GROW THAT QUANTITY OF FOOD
– AREA IN SQUARE METERS TO GROW THAT QUANTITY OF FOOD - TOTALS).
• TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE FOOD ITEMS IN GRAMS PER DAY PER PERSON: 1400 GRAMS.
• TOTAL WATER REQUIREMENT PER DAY PER PERSON IN LITERS: 2000 LITERS.
• TOTAL AREA OF LAND REQUIRED TO MEET THE DAILY NEED OF THE FOOD: 2500 MT2.
• TOTAL VOLUME OF AIR REQUIRED TO MEET THE ONE DAY’S BREATHING (500ML ✖️ 20 BREATHS ✖️
60MINUTES ✖️ 24 HOURS): 14400 LITERS.
• TOTAL VOLUME OF OXYGEN REQUIRED TO MEET THE ONE DAY’S BREATHING (100ML ✖️ 20 BREATHS
✖️ 60MINUTES ✖️ 24 HOURS): 2880 LITERS.
• TOTAL WEIGHT OF THE OXYGEN UNDER SATP (0.342 CUBIC METER OF OXYGEN AT 210 C AND 1ATM
WEIGHS 1 POUND): 8.4 POUNDS.
• NUMBER OF BIG TREES NEEDED TO MEET THE DAILY OXYGEN NEED: 12.

61. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE CONSTANT.
• VOLUME OF AIR WE BREATHE IN (500 ML PER BREATH),
• NUMBER OF TIMES WE BREATH (20 TIMES IN A MINUTE),
• AMOUNT OF OXYGEN WE CONSUME (2.88 CUBIC METERS OR 8.4 POUNDS IN A
DAY OR 1050 CUBIC METERS OR 3066 POUNDS IN A YEAR, OXYGEN WEIGHS
1.429 KILOGRAMS PER CUBIC METERS AT STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC
TEMPERATURE AND PRESSURE),
• AMOUNT OF OXYGEN PRODUCED FROM ONE BIG TREE (260 POUNDS IN A YEAR),
• AMOUNT OF CARBON DIOXIDE REMOVED BY THE TREES (2.6 TONS FROM THE
TREES IN ONE ACRE OF THICK FOREST PER YEAR, CARBON DIOXIDE WEIGHS
1.836 KILOGRAMS PER CUBIC METERS AT STANDARD ATMOSPHERIC

62. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE DECREASING. ITS
IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH IN
CHILDREN.
• THE NUMBERS WHICH ARE DECREASING ARE (THE PRESENT AVERAGE VALUES WITH
THEIR UNITS ARE GIVEN IN THE BRACKET) –
• NUMBER OF TREES (25 TREES PER PERSON IN INDIA [INDIA HAS 37 BILLION TREES], 100
TREES PER PERSON IN CHINA, 1500 TREES PER PERSON IN BRAZIL, 9000 TREES PER
PERSON IN CANADA),
• PER CAPITA LAND IN INDIA (2250 SQUARE METRES),
• PER CAPITA AGRICULTURE LAND IN INDIA (1250 SQUARE METRES, PLEASE NOTE THE
MINIMUM REQUIREMENT PER PERSON IS 2500 SQUARE METRES – THAT MEANS THE
LAND OF INDIA IS ALREADY SUPPORTING DOUBLE THE STRENGTH OF POPULATION FOR
ITS CAPACITY),

63. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE INCREASING.
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH IN
CHILDREN.
• NUMBER OF CITIES AND ITS SIZE (THERE ARE 4,000 CITIES AND TOWNS IN INDIA. FORTY-
SIX OF THOSE CITIES HAVE A POPULATION OF OVER 1 MILLION PEOPLE, WHILE ELEVEN OF
THEM HAVE A POPULATION GREATER THAN 3 MILLION AND ARE CONSIDERED
MEGA CITIES).
• TRAFFIC CONGESTION (CONGESTION IN DELHI, MUMBAI, BENGALURU AND KOLKATA COSTS
THE ECONOMY RS 1.5 LAKH CRORE ANNUALLY).
• VOLUME OF SEWAGE WATER.
• LENGTH OF THE ROADS IN INDIA (MORE THAN SIXTY LAKH KILOMETRES IN 2018),
• LENGTH OF THE RAILWAY TRACKS (67,415 KILOMETRES OF ROUTE, 95,981 KILOMETRES OF
RUNNING TRACK, 123,542 KILOMETRES OF TOTAL TRACK AS OF MARCH 2019),
• NUMBER OF HOUSES (MORE THAN 25 CRORE HOUSES IN INDIA IN 2018),

64. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE INCREASING.
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF
HUMANS.
• NUMBER OF REGISTERED VEHICLES (3,06,000 IN 1951 IN INDIA, 25,33,11,000 IN 2017 IN INDIA),
• USAGE OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS (CONSUMPTION VOLUME OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS IN INDIA
IN THE YEAR 2018 IS MORE THAN 200 MILLION METRIC TONS) AND THE CAVITIES WHICH ARE
PRODUCED AT THE PLACES WHERE WE REMOVE THE PRODUCTS FROM THE LITHOSPHERE,
• EMISSION: (EMISSIONS FROM THE TRANSPORT SECTOR ARE A MAJOR CONTRIBUTOR TO CLIMATE
CHANGE — ABOUT 14% OF ANNUAL EMISSIONS INCLUDING NON-CO2 GASES AND AROUND A
QUARTER OF CO2 EMISSIONS ARE FROM BURNING FOSSIL FUELS. SEVERAL
PRINCIPAL EMISSIONS RESULT FROM COAL COMBUSTION, FOR EXAMPLE SULPHUR DIOXIDE (SO2),
WHICH CONTRIBUTES TO ACID RAIN AND RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES. CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2),
WHICH IS THE PRIMARY GREENHOUSE GAS PRODUCED FROM BURNING FOSSIL FUELS (COAL, OIL,
AND NATURAL GAS). FACTORY EMISSIONS CONTRIBUTE GREATLY TO THE RELEASE OF CARBON
DIOXIDE INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. INDUSTRY AND ELECTRICITY

65. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE INCREASING.
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH IN
CHILDREN.
USAGE OF INSECTICIDES AND PESTICIDES.
• VOLUME OF PESTICIDES PRODUCED ACROSS INDIA FROM FINANCIAL YEAR 2015 TO 2019 IS AS
FOLLOWS. IN 2015 – 186 THOUSAND METRIC TONS, 2016 -188 THOUSAND METRIC TONS,
2017 – 214 THOUSAND METRIC TONS, 2018 – 213 THOUSAND METRIC TONS, 2019 – 217
THOUSAND METRIC TONS.
• THIS MEANS THERE IS THE POSSIBILITY OF CONSUMING 160 GRAMS OF THESE POISON PER
YEAR. IF WE DIVIDE THIS QUANTITY BY 365 DAYS AS DIVIDED DOSES THE QUANTITY COMES
AROUND FOUR HUNDRED MILLIGRAMS OF POISON PER DAY PER PERSON THROUGH THE AIR WE
BREATHE, WATER WE DRINK, FOOD WE CONSUME.
• THE CONSUMPTION WAS HUNDRED MILLIGRAMS OF POISON PER DAY PER PERSON TWENTY
YEARS AGO.
• WE SEE THE DEATHS OF THE PEOPLE EVEN WITH THE INHALATION OF ONE TENTH QUANTITY

66. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE INCREASING.
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH ON
HUMANS.
• DEFORESTATION AND DESERTIFICATION (A THIRD OF THE EARTH’S TOTAL LANDMASS
HAS BECOME A VICTIM OF DESERTIFICATION, THREATENING THE LIVELIHOOD OF A
BILLION PEOPLE IN OVER 100 COUNTRIES. SRI. A. C. LAKSHMANA, A RETIRED
CONSERVATOR OF FOREST (IFS) MENTIONED IN HIS BOOK BY NAME ‘CHALLENGES OF A
TROPICAL FORESTER FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT’ AT THE BEGINNING OF
PROLOGUE, THAT, ‘CIVILISATION STARTED WITH THE FELLING OF THE FIRST TREE AND
WILL END WITH THE FELLING OF THE LAST TREE’).

67. NUMBER GAME – THESE ARE INCREASING.
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH IN
CHILDREN.
• ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE (GLOBAL WARMING IS INCREASING UNUSUALLY AND
RAPIDLY. THERE IS INCREASE IN EARTH’S AVERAGE SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE
PAST CENTURY PRIMARILY DUE TO THE GREENHOUSE GASES RELEASED AS PEOPLE BURN
FOSSIL FUELS. THE GLOBAL AVERAGE SURFACE TEMPERATURE ROSE 0.6 TO 0.9 DEGREES
CELSIUS [1.1 TO 1.6° F] BETWEEN 1906 AND 2005, AND THE RATE OF TEMPERATURE
INCREASE HAS NEARLY DOUBLED IN THE LAST 50 YEARS, AND IT IS A MATTER OF
CONCERN).
• ALL THESE THINGS ARE HAPPENING EVEN IF WE SAY ‘WE DON’T WANT THESE CHANGES
TO HAPPEN’ MULTIPLE TIMES AND ITS SEVERITY IS INCREASING DAY BY DAY. THE BIG
QUESTION IS WHEN WE ARE GOING TO SEE THE FULL STOP FOR ALL THESE CHANGES. IS
IT AT THE END OF LIFE ON THIS EARTH WITH THE PRESENT MODE OF PROGRESS?

68. NUMBER GAME –
ITS IMPACT ON THE RESPIRATORY HEALTH OF
HUMANS.
• POLLUTION, POISONS, ALLERGENS, INFECTIONS, OVER CROWDING,
ADULTERATION ARE INCREASING WITH INCREASE IN POPULATION.
• PER CAPITA SPACE, PHYSICAL / SOCIAL DISTANCING BECAUSE OF MORE PEOPLE
IN LESS SPACE ARE DECREASING WITH INCREASE IN POPULATION.

69. IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO EXPECT FEW CHANGES
EVEN WITH RISE IN THE POPULATION.
AS THE POPULATION RISES,
• IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO BREATH LESS TO SAVE AIR FOR OTHERS,
• IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO DRINK LESS TO SAVE WATER FOR OTHERS,
• IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO EAT LESS TO SAVE FOOD FOR OTHERS.
• TREES WILL NOT RELEASE MORE OXYGEN AS THEY CANNOT SEE MORE PEOPLE,
• YIELD FROM THE UNIT AREA OF LAND WILL NOT RISE MANY FOLDS AS THE LAND IS NOT ABLE TO SENSE
MORE PEOPLE,
• NUTRITION IN THE FOOD WILL NOT RISE IN THE ABSENCE OF NUTRIENTS IN THE SOIL AS IT DOES NOT
HAVE THE MIND,
• PLANTS WILL NOT HAVE THE KINDNESS TO GIVE POISON FREE FOOD WHEN THEY ARE GETTING VERITIES
OF POISON AND HARMFUL CHEMICALS AS IT DOES NOT HAVE THE HEART.

70. WORLD POPULATION AND THEIR DAILY
REQUIREMENT.
One
couple
Population in
billions →
One Two Thre
e
Four Five Six Seven 7.6 8.6 9.8 11.2
Time gap in
years →
> 2
lakh
124 33 15 12 12 12 11 10 20 50
Year → 1800 1925 1958 1973 1985 1997 2009 2020 2030 2050 2100
28800
liters
Air in billion
liters →
1440
0
2880
0
4320
0
57600 72000 8640
0
10080
0
10944
0
12384
0
14112
0
16128
0
5760
liters
Oxygen in
billion liters →
2880 5760 8640 11520 14400 1728
0
20160 21888 24768 28224 32256
16.8
pounds
Oxygen in
billion pounds
→
8.4 16.8 25.2 33.6 42.1 50.5 58.9 64 72.4 82.5 94.3
24
trees
Number of
trees in billions
for respiration
→
12 24 36 48 60 72 84 91.2 103.2 117.6 134.4
4000
liters
Water in billion
liters [In TMC]
→
2000
[74]
4000
[148]
6000
[222]
8000
[296]
10000
[370]
1200
0
[444]
14000
[518]
15200
[562]
17200
[637]
19600
[725]
22400
[829]

71. WORLD POPULATION AND THEIR DAILY
REQUIREMENT.
One
couple
Population in billions One Two Thre
e
Four Five Six Seve
n
7.6 8.6 9.8 11.2
Time gap in years > 2
lakh
124 33 15 12 12 12 11 10 20 50
Year 1800 1925 1958 1973 1985 199
7
2009 2020 2030 205
0
2100
1kgs Cereals – in billion kgs→ 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 3.8 4.3 4.9 5.6
0.2kgs Pulses – in billion kgs→ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.76 0.86 0.98 1.12
0.4kgs Vegetables – in billion
kgs→
0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.52 1.72 1.96 2.24
0.4kgs Fruits – in billion kgs→ 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.52 1.72 1.96 2.24
0.1kgs Oil / coconut – in billion
kgs→
0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.38 0.43 0.49 0.56
0.4kgs MILK – in billion kgs→ 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.52 1.72 1.96 2.24
0.06kgs SUGAR – in billion kgs→ 0.03 0.06 0.09 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.21 0.22
8
0.258 0.29
4
0.33
6
0.2kgs MEAT – in billion kgs→ 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.76 0.86 0.98 1.12
0.03kgs SPICES – in billion kgs→ 0.015 0.03 0.04
5
0.06 0.07
5
0.09 0.10
5
0.11
4
0.129 0.14
7
0.16
8
0.01kgs SALT - in billion kgs→ 0.005 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.043 0.04 0.05

72. INDIA’S POPULATION AND THEIR DAILY
REQUIREMENT.
0.238
billion
0.293
billio
n
0.361
billion
0.439
billion
0.548
billion
0.683
billio
n
0.846
billion
1.028
billion
1.210
billio
n
1.390
billion
1.5
billion
1.63
billion
1.09
billion
Year 1871 1901 1947/
1951
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2030 2050 2100
Air in
liters
3427
billion
4219
billio
n
5198
billion
6321
billion
7891
billion
9835
billio
n
1218
2
billion
14803
billion
1742
4
billio
n
2001
6
billion
21600
billion
23472
billion
15696
billion
Oxygen
in liters
685
billion
843
billio
n
1039
billion
1264
billion
1578
billion
1967
billio
n
2436
billion
2960
billion
3484
billio
n
4003
billion
4320
billion
4694
billion
3139
billion
Oxygen
in
pounds
1.99
billion
2.46
billio
n
3.03
billion
3.68
billion
4.60
billion
5.73
billio
n
7.10
billion
8.63
billion
10.16
billio
n
11.67
billion
12.60
billion
13.69
billion
9.15
billion
Number
of trees
for
respirati
on
2.85
billion
3.51
billio
n
4.33
billion
5.26
billion
6.57
billion
8.19
billio
n
10.15
billion
12.33
billion
14.52
billio
n
16.68
billion
18.00
billion
19.56
billion
13.08
billion
Water in 476 586 722 878 1096 1366 1692 2056 2420 2780 3000 3260 2180

73. INDIA’S POPULATION AND THEIR DAILY REQUIREMENT.
Population in billion 0.238 0.293 0.361 0.439 0.548 0.683 0.846 1.028 1.210 1.390 1.5 1.63 1.09
Year 1871 1901 1947
/
1951
1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021 2030 2050 2100
Cereals – in billion kgs 0.119 0.146 0.180 0.219 0.274 0.341 0.423 0.514 0.605 0.695 0.750 0.815 0.545
Pulses – in billion kgs 0.023
8
0.029
3
0.036
1
0.043
9
0.054
8
0.068
3
0.0846 0.1028 0.1210 0.139
0
0.150
0
0.1630 0.109
0
Vegetables – in billion
kgs
0.047
6
0.058
6
0.072
2
0.087
8
0.109
6
0.136
6
0.1692 0.2056 0.2420 0.278
0
0.300
0
0.3260 0.218
0
Fruits – in billion kgs 0.047
6
0.058
6
0.072
2
0.087
8
0.109
6
0.136
6
0.1692 0.2056 0.2420 0.278
0
0.300
0
0.3260 0.218
0
Oil / coconut – in
billion kgs
0.011
9
0.014
6
0.018
0
0.021
9
0.027
4
0.034
1
0.0423 0.0514 0.0605 0.069
5
0.075
0
0.0815 0.054
5
MILK – in billion kgs 0.047
6
0.058
6
0.072
2
0.087
8
0.109
6
0.136
6
0.1692 0.2056 0.2420 0.278
0
0.300
0
0.3260 0.218
0
SUGAR – in billion kgs 0.007
1
0.008
7
0.010
8
0.013
1
0.016
4
0.020
4
0.0253 0.0308 0.0363 0.041
7
0.045
0
0.0489 0.032
7
MEAT – in billion kgs 0.023
8
0.029
3
0.036
1
0.043
9
0.054
8
0.068
3
0.0846 0.1028 0.1210 0.139
0
0.150
0
0.1630 0.109
0
SPICES – in billion kgs 0.003
5
0.004
3
0.005
4
0.006
5
0.008
2
0.010
2
0.0126 0.0154 0.0181 0.020
8
0.022
5
0.0244 0.016
3
SALT – in billion kgs 0.001
1
0.001
4
0.001
8
0.002
1
0.002
7
0.003
4
0.0042 0.0051 0.0060 0.006
9
0.007
5
0.0081 0.005
4

74. THE TRUTH THAT WE NEED TO REALIZE.
THE INFERENCES FROM THE TABLE,
• THE FIRST COUPLE WERE ONLY TWO BUT FULL OF TREES, BUT IT WAS COMPATIBLE.
• NOW, POPULATION IS INCREASING BUT THE TREES ARE DECREASING WHICH IS NOT
COMPATIBLE.
• THE NEED FOR THE AIR / OXYGEN – WATER – FOOD IS INCREASING AS THE POPULATION
IS INCREASING AND IT IS REACHING THE LEVEL OF EXHAUSTION SOON
• INDIA DOES NOT HAVE SUFFICIENT LAND TO SUPPORT THE PEOPLE OF ITS OWN NATION,
SO MORE THAN HALF OF THE PEOPLE OF THE NATION CONSUME FOOD WHICH IS
IMPORTED.
• THE PRESENT TREES PRESENT IN INDIA IS JUST ENOUGH TO MEET THE RESPIRATORY

75. THE TRUTH THAT WE NEED TO REALIZE.
THE INFERENCES FROM THE TABLE,
• SCARCITY OF TREE SPACE / FOREST INCREASES THE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS AND THE
BLOOD BECOMES ACIDIC, THUS THERE IS BURDEN ON THE SYSTEM OF ACID BASE
BALANCE (KIDNEY’S AND LUNG’S).
• SCARCITY OF AGRICULTURE LAND LEADS TO SCARCITY OF FOOD INSIDE THE NATION,
THUS THERE IS MORE DEPENDENCE ON IMPORT WHICH MAY STOP AT ANY TIME AS
THERE IS RISE IN THE POPULATION OF THE EXPORTING NATION.
• SCARCITY OF LAND FOR DIGESTION OF WASTE WILL LEAD TO MORE POLLUTION AND
POLLUTION RELATED DISEASE MORE SO THE RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES. THUS, OUR OWN
EXCRETA AND EMISSION STARTED INJURING OURSELVES AS THEY ARE NOT ABLE TO FIND
OUT A SUITABLE SPACE FOR THEM TO SETTLE AND WE ARE ALSO NOT SHOWING NEEDED

76. THE TRUTH THAT WE NEED TO REALIZE.
THE INFERENCES FROM THE TABLE,
• THE POPULATION OF THE WORLD MAY START DECLINING, MAY BE AFTER 2100, BUT THE
SCARY EXPECTATION IS FOR INDIA WHERE THE DEATH RATE BECOMES MORE FROM 2030
AND MAY REACH ITS PEAK BY 2050 AND MAY CONTINUES TILL 2100. MORE THAN 50
CRORE DEATHS ARE EXPECTED IN 50 YEARS BETWEEN 2050 TO 2100, THAT BECOME THE
DAILY DEATH OF 40000.
• THE MEDICAL PROFESSIONS MAY MAKE DIFFERENT DIAGNOSIS LIKE INFECTION,
INFESTATIONS ( PROTOZOAL, HELMINTHIC ), INFLAMMATION, IMMUNE MEDIATED,
INJURIOUS ( PHYSICAL – CHEMICAL – RADIATIONAL ), IRRITATIONAL METAPLASIA
CAUSING NEOPLASIA, INBORN AND SO ON.
• WE MAY SEE MANY ACUTE OR SUBACUTE EVENTS OF THROMBO INFLAMMATION LEADING

77. THE TRUTH THAT WE NEED TO REALIZE.
THE INFERENCES FROM THE TABLE,
• MANY A TIMES, PEOPLE MAY SUFFER FOR A LONG TIME WITH VARIETIES OF ILLNESSES
LIKE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS, ALLERGIES, HYPERSENSITIVITY DISEASES, IMMUNE MEDIATED
DISEASES, INFLAMMATORY DISEASES, RENAL DISEASES, HEPATIC DISEASES.
• INFECTIONS MAY DECREASE BUT THE DRUG RESISTANT INFECTIONS MAY RISE.
• ALL THESE ARE MAY BE DUE TO LESS LAND FOR LUNGS, LESS LAND FOR GIT,
INADEQUATE IMPORTS, LESS LAND FOR DIGESTION OF EXCRETA LEADING TO INCREASED
AIR POLLUTION, MALNUTRITION, MORE RESPIRATORY ILLNESSES AND VARIETIES OF
DISEASES.

78. PER CAPITA LAND REQUIREMENT
CONSIDERATION IN SQUARE METERS
Developed
countries
Developing
countries with
less population
Developing
countries with
more population
Present per
capita land area
available in India
For breathing 10000 5000 2500 500
For eating 10000 5000 2500 1250
For digestion of
excreta
10000 5000 2500 500
Total per capita
area
30000 15000 7500 2250

79. MANAGE THE SURFACE WATER WELL TO KEEP THE AIR
CLEAN
DECREASED SPACE MEANT FOR BREATHING CAUSES DECREASED CLEARANCE OF AIR
POLLUTANTS LIKE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS – GREEN HOUSE GASES – PARTICULATE
MATTER THUS THERE IS MORE RESPIRATORY INJURIES - MODULATIONS IN THE LUNG TISSUE
IN THE PROCESS OF REPAIR AND CLEARANCE OF INJURY CAUSING AGENTS – MORBIDITY
RELATED TO RESPIRATORY SYSTEM – OVER ALL GROWTH RETARDATION - AND MORTALITY.
• TO KEEP THE AIR FREE FROM DUST KEEP THE LAND MOIST AND COVER IT WITH
GREENERY.
• REPLENISH UNDERGROUND TABLE MORE, THAT IS MORE THAN WHAT WE EXTRACT.
• MAKE THE WATER TO FLOW SLOWLY THUS GIVE MORE TIME FOR THE SOIL TO FACILITATE
THE PROCESS OF PERCOLATION. TREES AND PLANTS, PONDS, PITS, BUNDINGS, CHECK
DAMS AND SO ON WILL HELP IN THIS PROCESS.

80. SPACE &WATER ARE THE NEED TO GET THE FOOD WE
NEED
• DECREASED SPACE FOR FOOD CAUSES MALNUTRITION AND NUTRITION RELATED PHYSICAL GROWTH
RETARDATION – MENTAL GROWTH RETARDATION – MORBIDITY – MORTALITY.
• IT IS THE NUTRIENTS IN THE NUTRITIOUS FOOD THAT IS GOING TO MATTER FOR GROWTH –
DEVELOPMENT – IMMUNITY WHICH IS PROTECTIVE AND NOT SELF INJURIOUS. GETTING MORE YIELD IN
TERMS OF WEIGHT IS NOT GOING TO ENSURE THE NEEDED NUTRIENTS IN THE FOOD. AND WE ALSO
NEED TO UNDERSTAND THERE IS LIMITATION FOR ALL THESE THINGS EVEN FROM THE SIDE OF MOTHER
EARTH.
• REGULAR CONSUMPTION OF FOOD CONTAINING POISON LIKE PESTICIDES – INSECTICIDES WHICH WAS
ABOUT 100MG / DAY / PERSON IN THE YEAR 2000 HAS BECAME 400MG / DAY / PERSON IN THE YEAR
2020 THROUGH THE FOOD WE CONSUME - THROUGH THE WATER WE DRINK – THROUGH THE AIR WE
INHALE IS MAKING THE PEOPLE MORE MORBID AND ADDS TO THE MORTALITY WITHOUT OUR
KNOWLEDGE. WE ALSO CONSUME WATER AND FOOD MIXED WITH CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS – RIPENING
AGENTS – PRESERVATIVES WHICH ARE BECOMING TOXIC IN THE DUE COURSE – HORMONES CAUSING ILL
EFFECTS AND SO ON REGULARLY.

81. SPACE AND CLEAN BEHAVIOR ARE THE NEED TO
KEEP THE ENVIRONMENT AND HUMANS HEALTHY
• WASTE PRODUCED FROM HUMANS IS CAUSING LOT OF DAMAGE TO THE HUMAS AND
THIS DAMAGE INCREASES MANY TIMES IF THERE IS DECREASED SPACE OF LAND FOR
THE DIGESTION OF THE SAME. NOW THE WATER OF OF THE SEA IS ALSO IS GETTING
CONTAMINATED BY THE WASTE PRODUCED BY THE HUMANS AS IT IS NOTICED BY THE
CHANGES IN THE FLORA AND FAUNA OF THE SEA, AND MOST OF THE RIVERS ON THIS
EARTH ARE CONTAMINATED TO THE MAXIMUM AND WILL NOT BE ABLE TO USE
WITHOUT TREATMENT.
• THE TOXIC CHEMICALS RELEASING CONTINUOUSLY FROM THE LAND FILLS IS MIXING
WITH THE SURFACE WATER – UNDERGROUND WATER – SOIL – AIR AND MAKING ALL OF
THEM POISONOUS AND IT IS IN TURN CAUSING INJURY TO THE PLANTS AND ANIMALS.
THUS WE GET DISEASES FREELY BY ANY MEANS LIKE BY BREATHING – DRINKING –

82. WATER VERSUS VEHICLES.
• MANAGE THE SURFACE WATER WELL, CONSERVE WATER AT THE INDIVIDUAL – FAMILY –
LOCAL - NATIONAL LEVEL.
• DISTRIBUTE THE FLOOD WATER TO THE DROUGHT PRONE AREA WITH SIMPLE IRRIGATION
TECHNIQUES,
• WITH BETTER AVAILABILITY OF WATER WE WILL BE ABLE TO GROW ALL THAT WE NEED
LOCALLY AND THE TREES WILL GROW BIGGER AND TALLER CLEARING MORE CARBON
DIOXIDE FROM THE ATMOSPHERE, GREENERY WILL INCREASE,
• DUST AND POLLUTION WILL DECREASE AS THE NEED FOR VEHICLES TO TRANSPORT THE
FOOD ARTICLES FROM PERIPHERY TO THE CENTER AND FROM CENTER TO THE PERIPHERY
DECREASES.
• INCIDENCE OF THE RESPIRATORY DISEASES DECREASES.
• WITH THE MAINTENANCE OF OPTIMUM SOIL MOISTURE WITH PLANT AND TREE COVER, IT

83. WATER VERSUS VEHICLES.
IF WE DO NOT MANAGE THE SURFACE WATER WELL WITH THIS POPULATION THEN,
• WE WILL GROW WHAT EVER IS POSSIBLE AT THE PLACES WHERE EVER POSSIBLE.
• WE WILL USE MORE AND MORE VEHICLES TO TRANSPORT FOOD ARTICLES FROM PLACE TO PLACE CAUSING
MORE POLLUTION DUE TO MORE VEHICLES – MORE BUILDINGS FOR THE STORAGE – MORE WIDENING AND
LENGTHENING OF THE ROADS - CUTTING MORE AND MORE TREES IN THE NAME OF ROADS AND BUILDINGS –
THE TREES WHICH GET ESCAPED FROM CUTTING WILL NOT GROW NORMALLY DUE TO SCARCITY OF WATER
AND POLLUTION – MORE DESTRUCTION OF FOREST AND AGRICULTURE LAND - MAKING THE AIR DRY AND
THUS MORE EVAPORATION AND DECREASE IN THE WATER LEVEL – DECREASE IN THE SOIL MOISTURE WILL
INCREASE THE GENERATION OF PARTICULATE MATTER.
• INCREASE IN THE VEHICLES AND TRANSPORTATION FOR FOOD GRAIN PROPORTIONATELY INCREASES THE
AREA COVERED BY THE DROUGHT AND DECREASES THE OVERALL YIELD OF FOOD GRAIN.
• THERE IS MORE AIR – WATER – FOOD – LAND – LIGHT – SOUND POLLUTION.
• INCREASE IN THE VEHICLES WILL GENERATE MORE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS – GREEN HOUSE GASES –
PARTICULATE MATTER WHICH CAN CAUSE HEALTH IMPAIRMENT / RESPIRATORY DISEASES BOTH IN THE
ANIMALS AND PLANTS - FACILITATING THE FLOOD – DROUGHT – GLOBAL WARMING – CLIMATE CHANGES.

84. SOLUTIONS TO SAVE HEALTH, SAVE EARTH.
• PLANT TREES AROUND THE HOUSE LIKE AN EXTRA COMPOUND.
• DO NOT CUT THE TREES.
• TAKE ALL THE MEASURES TO MAKE THE WATER TO PERCOLATE IN TO THE SOIL TO
GIVE MORE WATER FOR THE TREES SO THAT THE TREE GROWS BIGGER AND TALLER
AND THUS TAKES UP MORE CARBON DIOXIDE IN SIDE ITS BODY AND IT WILL
CONVERT IN TO A CARBON MASS.
• BETTER NUTRITION TO THE CHILDREN WILL MAKE THE CHILDREN TO DEVELOP
BETTER IMMUNITY, WHICH IS BALANCED LIKE IT GIVES GOOD PROTECTION AGAIN
PATHOGEN, BUT NO ALLERGIC AND AUTOIMMUNE MEDIATED DISEASES.
• LOCAL HOSPITAL – LOCAL SCHOOL – LOCAL SHOP SHOULD BE THE THEME BY
UPGRADING ALL THE HOSPITALS, SCHOOLS, SHOPS WITH EQUALITY IN QUALITY –
EQUALITY IN COST, THEN EMISSION FROM THE VEHICLES WILL REDUCE

85. SOLUTIONS TO SAVE HEALTH, SAVE EARTH.
• MAKE HOUSES NEAR THE PLACE OF WORK.
• DO NOT USE VEHICLES FOR SMALL DISTANCES.
• KEEP ONLY ESSENTIAL THINGS THAT WE NEED INSIDE THE HOUSE.
• AVOID USING DUST ACCOMMODATING THINGS LIKE SCREENS – CARPETS –
DECORATION ITEMS AND SO ON.
• CONSUME NUTRITIOUS, POISON FREE DIET.
• AVOID FOOD CONTAINING HARMFUL CHEMICALS / PRESERVATIVES /
HORMONES.
• HAVE REGULAR PLAY TIME THAT FACILITATES OVERALL GROWTH.

86. SOLUTIONS TO SAVE HEALTH, SAVE EARTH.
• GROW TREES WHERE EVER POSSIBLE.
• COVER ALL THE POSSIBLE LAND WITH GREENERY OR GRASS.
• AVOID ROADS WITH MORE POLLUTION / VEHICLES.
• USE INHALED MEDICATION AS PRESCRIBED BY THE DOCTOR TO AVOID INJURY
AND RE MODELLING OF RESPIRATORY ORGAN.

87. SOLUTIONS TO SAVE HEALTH, SAVE EARTH.
• CONTROL POPULATION - ONE CHILD FOR ONE PARENT, MAKE TWO FAMILIES TO STAY
TOGETHER IN ONE HOUSE AFTER THE MARRIAGE OF THEIR CHILDREN MARRIAGE. WITH
THIS WE CAN DECREASE THE PROCESS OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND CONVERSION
OF LANDS AGAINST SOIL PHYSIOLOGY AND IGNITING THE PROCESS OF GLOBAL
WARMING AND CLIMATE CHANGES.
• GET WATER FOR ALL THE DROUGHT PRONE AREAS FROM FLOOD PRONE AREAS.
• GROW TREES IN AT LEAST FOUR LAKH SQUARE KILOMETERS OF LAND IN INDIA.
• GROW ALL WE EAT IN THE LAND WHICH IS WITHIN SIX TO EIGHT KILOMETERS RADIUS
AROUND OUR RESIDENCE WITH THIS WE CAN SAVE FOREST – AGRICULTURE LAND –
PURITY AND FRESHNESS OF AIR – WATER - FOOD.

88. SAVE EARTH AND GET GOOD FOR ALL.
• MOST OF THE COMMON PEOPLE ARE GOOD.
• MOST OF THE LEADERS WHO ADMINISTER THE COMMON PEOPLE ARE ALSO GOOD.
• ALL OF THEM WANTED TO DO GOOD ONLY.
• COMMON PEOPLE MAY FIND DIFFICULTY IN DOING GOOD, LEAVE ABOUT FOR OTHERS, EVEN FOR THEMSELVES.
• LEADERS THINKS AND DOES GOOD TO THE PEOPLE, WHICH DEPENDS ON THEIR WAY OF UNDERSTANDING ON SO
CALLED GOOD WORK, ITS FEASIBILITY IN LONG RUN, RESOURCES FOR THE SAME IN LONG RUN, ITS EFFECTS ON THE
PEOPLE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL RESOURCES IF THEY CONTINUE THE SAME GOOD WORK FOR
LONG TIME.
• MOST OF US GETS EXCITED ON SEEING OR RECEIVING SHORT TERM BENEFITS.
• MOST OF US ARE NOT EVEN THINK OR UNDERSTANDS OR DOES WHICH MAKES ALL OF US GOOD IN LONG RUN WITH
SUSTAINABILITY.
• DOING GOOD EXCESSIVELY TO ALL AT ALL THE TIME AT ALL THE PLACES EVEN FROM THE GOVERNMENT MAKE THE
RESOURCES TO GO FOR EMPTY, AND EVEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT.
• BECAUSE, THERE IS A LIMIT FOR EVERY THING, LATER THINGS MAY TAKE THEIR OWN WAY. THAT WE DON’T KNOW –