The document compares dental amalgam and composite materials, detailing their compositions, classifications, indications, advantages, and disadvantages. Dental amalgam is a metal-based material primarily used for posterior restorations, while dental composites are polymer-based and favored for esthetic applications. Both materials have specific manipulation techniques and cavity preparation requirements, with increasing preference for composite fillings despite some limitations.

1. DENTAL
AMALGM
&
COMPOSIT.
ABCD’S&G.

2. DENTAL AMALGM & COMPOSITE
DENTAL AMALGAM :
Dental amalgam is a metal like
restorative material composed of a
mixture of silver/tin/copper alloy and
mercury.
DENTAL COMPOSITE :
They are highly cross linked polymeric
materials reinforced by a
dispersion of glass,crystalline or
resin filler particles or short
fibers bound to the matrix by
silane coupling agents.

3. COMPOSITION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Amalgam:
Alloy of mercury, silver, tin, and
copper, it may also contain
palladium, zinc , gold to improve
the handling characteristics
Dental Composite:
1-Resin matrix
2-Filler particles
3-Coupling agent .
4-Activator-initiator system
required to convert resin to soft
moldable filling material to hard
durable restoration.

4. CALSSIFACTION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Based on copper content :
1-Low copper alloy -- < 6% copper (conventional alloy) .
2- High copper -- 6-30% copper
(1) admixed alloy (2) single composition alloy
Based on zinc content :
(1) zinc containing alloy -- > 0.01% zinc
(2) zinc free alloy -- < 0.01 zinc.
Based on shape of alloy particles :
(1) lathe cut alloy.
(2) spherical alloy
(3) admixed alloy.
Based on size of alloy particles
(1) micro cut
(2) fine-cut
(3) coarse-cut.
Based on presence of noble metals :
(1) noble metal alloys (palladium, platinum, gold)
(2) non-noble metal alloys

5. COMPOSITION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Composite:
• Based on curing mechanism:
• 1-Chemically activated
• 2-Light activated
• Based on size of filler particles:
• 1-Conventional 8-12 um
• 2-Small particle 1-5 um
• 3-Microfilled 0.04-0.4 um
• 4-Hybrid 0.6-1.0 um.

6. INDICATIONS OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Amalgam:
• Restoration of posterior
teeth(ClassI&II) (Moderate
to large preparations).
• Class V preparations (when
esthetics is not the prime
concern).
• Core build up for badly
broken down teeth in the
posterior teeth.
• Sometimes in distal surface
of canines.
• For moderate caries control.

7. INDICATIONS OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Composite:
• Class I,II,III,IV,V,VI
restorations.
• Foundation or core buildup.
• Esthetic enhancement
procedures-
• Partial veneers and Full
veneers.
• Diastema closure.
• For periodontal splinting.

8. CONTAINDICATIONS OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Amalgam: Dental Composite:
1.High caries incidence and
poor oral hygiene.
2.Teeth with heavy or
abnormal Occlusal stress.
3.If access & isolation
difficulties.
4.Patient allergic or
sensitive to resin
composite.
1-Esthetics.
2- Extensive loss of tooth
structure
3- Small class I and class
II cavities.

9. ADVANTAGES OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Amalgam: Dental Composite:
1-Ease of use.
2- High compressive strength.
3-Excellent wear resistance.
4- long-term clinical results.
5- Economic
6-Can be bonded to tooth structure.
7-Self-sealing ability.
1.Esthetic.
2.Conservation of tooth structure.
3.Insulative.
4.Bonded to tooth structure.
5.Repairable.
6.Can be polished at the same
appointment

10. DISADVANTAGES OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Dental Amalgam: Dental Composite:
1-Lack of esthetics
2- Less conservative
3- Non-insulating
4- Corrosion and galvanism
5- Lack of reinforcement of
weakened tooth structure
1.polymerization shrinkage.
2.time consuming and expensive.
3. More technique sensitive.
4. difficult to finish and polish.
5. increased coefficient of
thermal expansion

11. MANIPULAION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
MANIPULATION OF AMALGAM
1. Selection of alloy and mercury
2. Mercury alloy ratio (Proportioning)
3. Trituration (Mechanical and hand)
4. Mulling
5. Condensation (Hand and mechanical)
6. Pre-carve burnishing
7. Carving.
8. Post-carve burnishing.
9. Polishing .

12. MANIPULAION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Manipulation of composite:
1. Selection of the resin composite
type and shade.
2. Isolation of the field.
3. Pulp protection.
4. adhesive application.
5. Matricing.
6. Wedging.
7. Packing.
8. Contouring and shaping.
9. Polymerization.
10. Finishing and polishing.
11. Maintenance.

13. Cavity preparation of amalgam and
Composite.

14. CAVITY PREPARTION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Cavity preparations for amalgam restorations :
1. 90 degree CSA .
2. The walls must be parallel or perpendicular to
occlusal loads.
3. A definite gingival seat of 1.5-2 mm. in depth for
compound cavities.
4. Rounded internal line angles.
5. Sufficient bulk at the isthmus area
6. Each portion must have its own
independent retention and resistance.

15. CAVITY PREPARTION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Cavity preparations for Composite restorations :
Tooth preparation :
1.Minimal extension.
2.Pulpal and axial walls of
varying depth.
3.Enamel bevel.
4.Butt joint on root surface.
5.Tooth preparation walls must
be rough.


16. CAVITY PREPARTION OF AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Cavity preparations for Composite restorations :
Cavity design preparation:
1-Conventional 2-Beveled conventional 3-modified
4-Box shape 5-Facial/lingual slot
Conventional Beveled conventional Modified (adhesive)

17. AMALGM & COMPOSITE

18. AMALGM & COMPOSITE
Amalgam filling material is still used
everyday by most dentists. It is
considered safe to use and is very
effective in a lot of circumstances.
There are problems with amalgam. The
main ones are it’s appearance and
inability to bond/stick to teeth. White,
composite fillings are therefore
becoming much more widely used and are
the preferred choice for many people..
Composite filling material is a modern
‘white’ choice available as an alternative
to the older amalgam ‘silver’ fillings. It
has many uses and benefits. However, it
has some problems and amalgam is still
better in some circumstances

19. ABCD’S&G.