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Movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado
Elaborado por: Denise Javillo
Movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado
En el movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente
variado existe un cambio en la velocidad y por
consiguiente, tiene lugar una aceleración.
Así como la velocidad nos expresa la rapidez en
el cambio de posición, la magnitud que nos
expresa la rapidez en el cambio de velocidad se
denomina aceleración.
Para obtener el módulo de la aceleración de un
móvil, utilizamos la siguiente ecuación:
𝑎 =
∆𝑣
∆𝑡
La aceleración sobre la partícula es constante ya
que la masa es constante.
Resumen
Representación gráfica del movimiento
La gráfica velocidad-tiempo (v-t) de un
movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente
acelerado (MRUA) o movimiento
rectilíneo uniformemente variado
(MRUV) representa en el eje horizontal
(eje x) el tiempo y en el eje vertical (eje
y) la velocidad.
Observa como la velocidad aumenta (o
disminuye) de manera uniforme con el
paso del tiempo. Esto se debe a la
acción de la aceleración. De nuevo,
podemos distinguir dos casos, tal y
como se muestra en la figura.
La gráfica aceleración-tiempo (a-t)
muestra que la aceleración permanece
constante a lo largo del tiempo.
Aceleración positiva Aceleración negativa
Magnitudes fundamentales del movimiento
t  Intervalo de tiempo (s)
𝑥𝑓  Posición final (m)
𝑥𝑖  Posición inicial (m)
𝑎  aceleración constante (m/𝑠2)
𝑣𝑓  velocidad final (m/s)
𝑣𝑖  velocidad inicial (m/s)

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Movimiento rectilineo uniformemente_variado

  • 1. Movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado Elaborado por: Denise Javillo
  • 2. Movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado En el movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado existe un cambio en la velocidad y por consiguiente, tiene lugar una aceleración. Así como la velocidad nos expresa la rapidez en el cambio de posición, la magnitud que nos expresa la rapidez en el cambio de velocidad se denomina aceleración. Para obtener el módulo de la aceleración de un móvil, utilizamos la siguiente ecuación: 𝑎 = ∆𝑣 ∆𝑡 La aceleración sobre la partícula es constante ya que la masa es constante.
  • 4. Representación gráfica del movimiento La gráfica velocidad-tiempo (v-t) de un movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente acelerado (MRUA) o movimiento rectilíneo uniformemente variado (MRUV) representa en el eje horizontal (eje x) el tiempo y en el eje vertical (eje y) la velocidad. Observa como la velocidad aumenta (o disminuye) de manera uniforme con el paso del tiempo. Esto se debe a la acción de la aceleración. De nuevo, podemos distinguir dos casos, tal y como se muestra en la figura. La gráfica aceleración-tiempo (a-t) muestra que la aceleración permanece constante a lo largo del tiempo. Aceleración positiva Aceleración negativa
  • 5. Magnitudes fundamentales del movimiento t  Intervalo de tiempo (s) 𝑥𝑓  Posición final (m) 𝑥𝑖  Posición inicial (m) 𝑎  aceleración constante (m/𝑠2) 𝑣𝑓  velocidad final (m/s) 𝑣𝑖  velocidad inicial (m/s)