Preso on open education from OpenCon 2016 in Toronto.

1. DRIVING GROWTH AND INNOVATION THROUGH TECHNOLOGY-ENABLED LEARNING

2. David Porter, Ed.D.
CEO, eCampusOntario.ca
November 26, 2016
Beyond Free
Slides reused, remixed, and re-engineered from original slides by David Porter BCIT.ca,
Amanda Coolidge, BCcampus, and Clint Lalonde BCcampus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, this
work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License.
Feel free to use, modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation with attribution.
Harnessing the resonant value in open
and collaborative practices for public good

3. Twitter @dendroglyph

5. The Power of Open
u Open educational
resources (OER) and
open practices have
been used to
redevelop curriculum
resources and lower
the costs of nursing
training programs at
the University of
Swaziland
Image and story by John Lesperance and Venkataraman Balaji
Commonwealth of Learning (http://col.org) 2016

8. Open Lives in Canada, too

10. Why OPEN?
Image by Craig Garner

11. PD-US via Wikimedia Commons
“Everyone has the right to
education. Education shall
be free, at least in the
elementary and fundamental
stages…”
Source: United Nations, 1948,
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Article 26, paragraph 1
Universal
Declaration of
Human Rights
It started in 1948

12. UNESCO
http://www.unesco.org/new/en/communication-and-information/access-to-knowledge/
open-educational-resources/what-are-open-educational-resources-oers/
UNESCO
“Open Educational Resources (OERs) are any type
of educational materials that are in the public
domain or introduced with an open license. The
nature of these open materials means that
anyone can legally and freely copy, use, adapt
and re-share them.”

13. Open (free) Culture
“social movement that promotes the freedom to distribute
and modify creative works in the form of free content by
using the Internet and other forms of media.
Free Culture Movement Wikipedia

14. Grant freedoms instead of imposing restrictions
Sharing is fundamental to teaching
Collaboration is a good thing
Assumptions about Openness

15. “…openness is the sole means by
which education is effected. If a
teacher is not sharing what he or she
knows, there is no education
happening.
In fact, those educators who share
the most thoroughly of themselves
with the greatest proportion of their
students are the ones we deem
successful. Does every single student
come out of a class in possession of
the knowledge and skills the teacher
tried to share? In other words, is the
teacher a successful sharer? If so,
then the teacher is a successful
educator. If attempts at sharing fail,
then the teacher is a poor educator.
Education is sharing.
Education is about being open.”
Openness as Catalyst for an Education Reformation, David Wiley,
EDUCAUSE Review, vol. 45, no. Educational 4 (July/August 2010): 14–20

16. Beyond Free
Benefit #1
Teachers have full legal control
to customize and contextualize
learning resources for their
students

17. The more context a
learning resources
has, the more (and
the more easily) a
learner can learn
from it.
To make learning
resources maximally
reusable, learning
objects should contain
as little context as
possible.
The Reusability Paradox image by Wayne Mackintosh used under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-BY 3.0)
Retrieved from http://wikieducator.org/File:Reusability_paradox.svg#filelinks
Reusability Paradox

18. Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0 Generic license.

19. Sharks are a group
of fish characterized
by a cartilaginous
skeleton, five to
seven gill slits on the
sides of the head,
and pectoral fins
that are not fused to
the head.
This is a modified image based on Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0
Generic license. Shark text from Wikipedia and used under a Creative Commons Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 license. This
modified image is released under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial 2.0 Generic license.

20. Symbiosis is the
close and often
long-term
interaction
between two or
more different
biological species
This is a modified image based on Shark! by guitarfish used under Creative Commons Attribution Non-
Commercial 2.0 Generic license. Symbiosis text from Wikipedia and used under a Creative Commons
Attribution Share-Alike 3.0 license. This modified image is released under a Creative Commons Attribution
Non-Commercial 2.0 Generic license.

21. “Therefore, pedagogical
effectiveness and potential for
reuse are completely at odds
with one another, unless the
end user is permitted to edit
the learning resource.”
Source: The Reusability Paradox, David Wiley, Connexions. http://cnx.org/content/m11898/latest/

22. A simple,
standardized
way to grant
copyright permissions
to your creative
work.

23. Some Rights Reserved
Creative Commons logo by Creative Commons used under under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License

24. 24Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221 March 5, 2014, CC-BY
The 5Rs of openness

25. Image from Copyright in Education & Internet in South African Law http://education-copyright.org/creative-commons/
Used under Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 South Africa license

26. 2003-2012
$10 million invested
153 grants awarded
100% participation across system
83% partnerships
47 credentials developed in whole or part via OPDF
355 courses, 12 workshops, 19 web sites/tools and 396
course components (learning objects, labs, textbooks,
manuals, videos)
100% open license for free and open sharing and reuse
by all BC post-secondary institutions and instructors
BC Online Program Development Fund

27. solr.bccampus.ca

28. solr.bccampus.ca

29. A textbook licensed under an open copyright
license, and made available to be freely used by
students, teachers and members of the public.
Look here à open.bccampus.ca
What’s an Open Textbook?

30. Where do they come from?

31. Visual notes of John Yap announcement, Giulia Forsythe http://www.flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/8094691691/ Used under Creative Commons attribution share-alike license
40 free and open textbooks
available for the highest enrolled
1st & 2nd year post-secondary
subjects in BC
First province in Canada+20 more for SKILLS training

32. The Numbers in BC
151 Open Textbooks
720 Adoptions
31 Institutions
20,312 Students
$1,998,978 - $2,517,217

33. Students: 240
Previous Textbook: $187
OpenStax Textbook: $0
Student savings: $60,000
1 course
1 institution
4 terms
Early Adopter and Adapter
Dr. Takashi Sato Physics KPU

35. Images from Oxfam.org CC-BY and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User:Daniel_Mietchen/Talks/World_Open_Educational_Resources_Congress_2012 /How_Open_Access_and_Open_Science_can_mutually_fertilize_with_Open_Educational_Resources CC-BY
Why is this work happening?
To increase access to higher education by reducing student costs
To improve student learning by removing barriers to resources
To give faculty more control over their instructional resources

36. Students spend up to $1200/year on textbooks
4x rate of inflation over past 20 years
70% students have not purchased textbook for a course
because of price

37. Source: http://thesheaf.com/2013/10/20/an-open-textbook-policy-is-a-must/

38. Source: http://www.wmnf.org/news_stories/usf-student-shows-his-peers-how-to-download-textbooks-online-for-free

39. But, free is
more than just
a good deal

40. There is a direct relationship between
textbook costs and student success
!"!"!"
"!"!
!"!"
"!"
!"
"
60%+ do not purchase textbooks at some point
due to cost
35% take fewer courses due to textbook
cost
31% choose not to register for a course due
to textbook cost
23% regularly go without textbooks due to
cost
14% have dropped a course due to
textbook cost
10% have withdrawn from a course due to
textbook cost
Source: 2012 student survey by Florida
Virtual Campus
Slide: CC-BY Cable Green, Creative
Commons via http://www.project-
kaleidoscope.org/

41. “My textbook is…
…back-ordered
…in the mail
…out of stock
…the wrong edition
…on hold until my student loan arrives
…unnecessary until I decide I want this course”
How often do students start the term
without the resources they need?

42. Beyond Free
Benefit #2
Access to customized
resources improves learning

43. New Data

44. Psychology Department modifies an existing open textbook to
create custom textbook, localized for their students.
Source: One college’s use of an open psychology textbook, John Hilton III, Carol Laman,
Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning Volume 27, Issue 3, 2012
“During the fall semester 2011, 690 students used this book. Compared
with students using a traditional text in the spring of 2011, students
who used the free online textbook scored higher on departmental final
examinations, had higher grade point averages in the class and had
higher retention rates.
Houston Community College

45. Peer Reviewed Resources
My Adventures Adapting a Chemistry Textbook291/365 by thebarrowboy used under a CC-BY

46. Publish Many
Write Once

47. Choices for students

48. Beyond Free
Benefit #3
Opportunities for authentic
learning activities

49. 5.5 million views per month.
ChemWiki most visited chemistry website in the world.
Delmar Larsen now offers extra credit to students who submit
entries. He assigns a rating system to new articles based on the
author's expertise and experience, with articles moving up as
they are edited and vetted.
Sources: ChemWiki takes on costly textbooks UC Davis News, October 2013
UCD Hyperlink Newsletter October 2014

52. Getting from Closed to Open

53. Beyond Free
Benefit #4
Collegial collaboration

54. “We are a group of two dozen mathematicians who wrote a 600
page book in less than half a year. This is quite amazing, since
mathematicians do not normally work together in large groups.”
“..the spirit of collaboration that pervaded our group at the
Institute for Advanced Study was truly amazing.
We did not fragment. We talked, shared ideas, explained things to
each other, and completely forgot who did what.
If we can get mathematicians to share half-baked ideas, not to
worry who contributed what to a paper, or even who the authors
are, then we will reach a new and unimagined level of productivity.
Progress is made by those who dare break the rules.”
Andrej Bauer, University of Ljubljana
Source: The HoTT book, Mathematics and Computation http://math.andrej.com/2013/06/20/the-hott-book/
The HoTT book

55. Source: Open Textbook Publishing, Joe Moxley, World.edu http://world.edu/open-textbook-publishing/
“Rather than working as employees on by-the-piece rates for global
companies like Pearson, faculty members can assume the role of
publishers.
Using free content-management systems like Joomla, Drupal, or
WordPress in conjunction with inexpensive web hosting packages, we
can build communities around our educational materials.”
“We need to realize our power as authors and publishers. Working
collaboratively, we can create dynamic teaching and learning
environments.”
Joe Moxley, University of South Florida

56. Library sprints

57. Textbook sprints

58. Test bank sprints
2 Days
17 Psych Faculty
6 Institutions
850 Questions

59. Source: Simon Bates, UBC

61. Beyond Free
Benefit #5
Demonstration of the service
mission of the institution

63. Beyond Free Benefits
1. Teachers have full legal control to customize and
contextualize learning resources
2. Demonstrate improved learning: using customized
and contextualized learning resources
3. Opportunities for authentic learning
4. Collegial collaboration
5. Demonstrate service mission of the university

64. Image: Don’t reinvent it by Andrea Hernendez used under CC-NC-SA license

66. Rethinking resources
u Addressing student
affordability
u Reinforcing faculty
expertise
u Refining institutional
practices for instructional
resource creation,
management, and
distribution

68. This image is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Unported license. Attribution: Terry Goss
But, beware of sharks in open waters

69. “Openwashing”

70. Openness in education is not a new idea — but it
needs renewed expression in a digital era and broader
application in higher education
Openness is not just a historical development — it is a
social, cultural and economic phenomenon
Fundamentally, education is a human right — let’s
make education openly accessible in all formats for
free
Take away messages

71. Be OPEN!
David Porter • davidp@ecampusontario.ca
Slides reused, remixed, and re-engineered from original slides by David Porter BCIT.ca,
Amanda Coolidge, BCcampus, and Clint Lalonde BCcampus.ca. Unless otherwise noted, this
work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Share Alike License.
Feel free to use, modify, reuse or redistribute any or all of this presentation with attribution.