Slideshow for the period between WWI and WW II

1. Lesson 1

2. End of World War I
Treaty of Versailles:
1. Made Germany pay for the war
2. Limited the German military (100,000
troops)
3. Germany lost land

3. German Reparations
● Totaled 33 billion dollars
● Germany paid for one year, then quit
● Germany suffered inflation (4.2 trillion
marks equaled 1 U.S. dollar)

4. Great Depression
Depression- A period of low economic activity and rising unemployment
● U.S. stock market crashed (prices dropped dramatically)
● Worldwide unemployment (25% in Britain, 30% in Germany)
● Heavy government involvement in economies worldwide
Deficit Spending- When a government pays out more money that it takes in
through taxation and other revenues, thus going into debt

9. U.S. New Deal
● President Franklin D. Roosevelt
● Increased government programs
● Created the Works Progress Administration
(WPA)...this program employed 3 million
people who built bridges, roads, post offices,
and airports
● Created Social Security in 1935

10. Lesson 2

11. Totalitarian State
A government that aims to control the
political, economic, social, intellectual,
and cultural lives of its citizens

12. Fascism
Political philosophy that glorifies the
state above the individual by
emphasizing the need for a strong
central government led by a dictatorial
ruler

13. Totalitarian Rulers
● Benito Mussolini- Italy
● Joseph Stalin- USSR (formerly Russia)
● Adolf Hitler- Germany

17. Russia transforms into the USSR
● Russia renamed in 1922 to the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (USSR)
● Joseph Stalin takes over in 1926
● Stalin’s Five Year Plan (set economic goals for a period of
five years)
● Collectivization- A system in which private farms are
eliminated and peasants work land owned by the
government

18. Lesson 3

19. Adolf Hitler
● Born in Austria in 1889
● Wanted to become an artist, but was rejected by the
academy in Vienna
● Served in WWI on the Western Front
● Joined the German Workers’ Party in 1919
● Took control of the party and renamed it the National
Socialist German Workers’ Party ( NAZI party for short)

21. Hitler Continued
● Helped stage an uprising against the government in 1923.
The revolt failed, and he was imprisoned
● While in prison, he wrote Mein Kampf (my struggle) which
was an account of his political ideology
● In the book, Hitler discusses his anti-semitism (hatred of
Jews) and the idea of a superior race

22. Nazis take Power
● By 1929, the party had 800,000 members
● The Nazis, with Hitler as its leader, took over the government by elections
● The Party took over in 1933 and quickly abolished all other parties
● By 1934, Hitler had firmly established himself as the Fuhrer or “leader”
● The Nazis purged all elements of democracy and began to set up prison
camps (concentration camps) for Jews and anyone else who opposed them

23. The Nazi State
● Nazis wanted to establish an Aryan state of pure race
(white, non-Jew)
● Mass demonstrations and speeches designed to influence
the population
● Used terror to assert control by establishing the SS
● SS kept order and ensured party loyalty through murder
and prison camps

25. Nazi Economy
● Hitler used public works projects and grants to get people
back to work
● A massive rearmament program helped solve the
unemployment problem as unemployment went from 5
million in 1932 to 500,000 in 1937
● The Nazis took full credit for turning the economy around
● The improving economy was an important factor in
leading many Germans to accept Nazi rule

26. Anti-Semitic Policies
● Jews were stripped of their citizenship
● They were required to wear a yellow Star of
David to identify themselves
● The oppression of Jews grew worse over time

29. Anti-Semitic Policies Continued...
● November 9, 1938…(Night of Shattered Glass) The Nazis
burned synagogues and destroyed 7,000 Jewish
businesses
● Thousands were arrested and sent to concentration
camps
● Jews were no longer allowed to own, manage, or work in
retail stores
● Jews were encouraged to leave the country, and the lucky
ones did just that