2. WHAT IS A
CONDITIONAL?
Conditional sentences are natural language
sentences that express that one thing is
contingent on something else.
Conditional structure: If clause + main clause
2 Teacher Carla
3. ZERO
CONDITIONAL
• Used to talk about facts
• E.g.: If I oversleep, I miss the bus
• E.g.: If I don’t study, I don’t learn
• E.g.: If I don’t eat, I feel sick
3 Teacher Carla
If clause Main clause
If + Present simple Present simple
4. FIRST
CONDITIONAL
• It's used to talk about things which might
happen in the future. Things that are possible
to happen.
• E.g.: If I travel this summer, I will go to Disney.
• E.g.: She’ll miss the bus if she doesn’t leave
soon
• E.g.: If I go to London, I’ll be happy.
4 Teacher Carla
If clause Main clause
If + Present simple will / can / may / must +
verb
5. SECOND
CONDITIONAL
5 Teacher Carla
If clause Main clause
If + Past simple would / could / might +
verb
• we can use it to talk about things in the future
that are probably not going to be true.
• we can use it to talk about something in the
present which is impossible, because it's not
true.
•E.g.: If I met the Queen of England, I would
say hello.
• E.g.: She would travel all over the world if
she were rich
• E.g.: If I had his number, I would call him.
6. THIRD
CONDITIONAL
6 Teacher Carla
If clause Main clause
If + Past Perfect tense would/could/might +
have + past participle
• It talks about the past. It's used to describe a
situation that didn't happen, and to imagine the
result of this situation.
•E.g.: If she had studied, she would have
passed the exam
•E.g.: She would have become a teacher if
she had gone to university
• E.g.: If I hadn't eaten so much, I wouldn't have
felt sick
