'Urban Disaster Prevention Policies in Korea' at 2018 UNESCAP Capacity Building Program (Spatial data and Technologies for Urban Planning and Disaster Management)

1. Urban Disaster Prevention
Policies in Korea
2018 KOICA-UNESCAP
Spatial data and Technologies for
urban planning and disaster management
Nov. 2018
Dr. Lee, Byoung Jae
Director, Urban Disaster Prevention & Water Resource Research Center

2. 2018 KOICA-UNESCAP Spatial data and Technologies for urban planning and disaster management
Lecturers
Name: Lee, Byoung Jae
Department: Urban Disaster Prevention &
Water Resource Research Center, KRIHS
Contact: +82-44-960-0211
E-mail: leebj@krihs.re.kr
<Education Background
- BA on Seoul National University (Landscape Architecture)
- MA on State University of New York at Buffalo (Geography)
- Ph.D on State University of New York at Buffalo (Geography)
<Research>
- Disaster Vulnerability Analysis, Disaster Preventive Urban
Planning Consulting Project, 2015
- Urban Design Technique Development Adapting to Climate
Change Driven Heavy Rainfall Disaster, 2011~2014

3. 2018 KOICA-UNESCAP Spatial data and Technologies for urban planning and disaster management
Contents
I. Climate Change and State of Disaster in Korea
II. Urban Disaster Prevention Strategy
III. Disaster Risk Analysis using Spatial Data and Technologies
IV. Urban Disaster Prevention Policies and Practices in Korea

4. Ⅰ. Climate Change and State
of Disaster in Korea

5. 5
1. State of Climate Change and Trend
 The scenario of new climate change scenario will have more impact on
climate change than the existing scenario
 In the case of RCP scenario, climate will change more markedly upward than
SRES scenario as predicted in the 4th IPCC Evaluation Report
 In the case of Korea, it is expected that by 2050 the average temperate will rise from
current 2.0℃ to 3.2℃, while precipitation will increase from current 11.5% to 15.6%
< Expected Average Annual Temperature Changes(RCP8.5)
> Second Half of
21st Century
(2070-2099)
Current
< Expected Average Annual Precipitation Changes(RCP8.5) >
Current Second Half of
21st Century
(2070-2099)

6. 6
 Precipitation intensity increased as the amount of precipitation increased
while the number of days with precipitation decreased; draught to become
more serious as evapotranspiration increases due to temperature rise
 By the end of 21st century, it is expected that Korea’s average temperature
will rise by 4℃, precipitation by 17%, and sea level by 20.9 ㎝ respectively
 The number of heavy rain days is expected to increase and the incidence of
powerful typhoon is also expected to increase (19%→26%)
< Expected Precipitation Change >< Expected Temperature Change >

7. 7
2. State of Korea’s Disaster in Recent Years
 State of Damage Caused by Natural Disaster by Year (1971~2014)
 In comparison to 1970s, the amount of property damage increased by approximately 7.4 times
 The number of human casualties decreased for the same period by approximately 78% (330 → 72
persons), but large scale damages were always accompanied by considerable number of casualties
Source: 2014 Disaster Yearbook (National Emergency Management Agency, 2015).
Note: Amount of damage is the converted amount to 2014 value.
2.75-fold
increase
1.23-fold increase 2.17-fold
increase
Approximately 7.36-fold
increase compared to the
1970s
Human Casualties
Property Damage
One hundred
million WonPerson
Year

8. 8
 Flood Damage and Flooding Area (1983~2014)
(백만원) (ha)
침수면적
추세
수해피해액
추세
(년도)

9. 9
 Characteristics of Disasters Caused by Climate Change
 Frequent occurrences of unprecedented massive disasters across the globe
 In the past, natural disasters like floods and droughts occurred most often, but
now diverse calamities frequently occur such as heat waves, heavy snows, strong
winds, and rising sea levels
 Disasters resulting from climate change have uncertainties about when they will
happen. Therefore, responding measures should be thought of in advance
 In addition, it is also difficult to expect which places will experience disasters
due to climate change
- There are possibilities of occurrence of disasters in vulnerable places not to
mention already affected areas. Therefore, preventive measures against
consequences due to climate change should be made
※ Potential areas with vulnerabilities to heat waves: Regions with high impermeability, and high
density populations, etc.

10. 10
 Main Causes of Damage of Disaster Cases
 The primary cause of disaster cases comes from negative consequences from
localized heavy rains, typhoons and heavy snows triggered by climate change
 The Main reasons to aggravate disasters are: low-lying areas of stream and
coasts, surroundings of areas with steep slopes, utilization & development of
areas with not enough disaster prevention strategies such as densely
populated areas with vulnerabilities to disasters, reckless land use, building
arrangements, and lack of rainwater detention systems and infiltration
systems

11. Ⅱ. Urban Disaster
Prevention Strategy

12. 12
 Land Use without considering Vulnerability
1. Vulnerable Urban Environment

13. 13
 Infrastructure without considering Vulnerability

14. 14
 Increase of Impermeable Area

15. 15
 Gyeongbok Palace
 The drainage system of Gyeongbok Palace, starting from Jip’okchae flows
into Cheonggyecheon passing through Hyangwonji, Gyeonghoeru pond,
and Geumcheon (Eodo)
< Geumcheon & Yeongje Bridge in
front of Geunjeong-mungeum ③ >
< Hyangwonji, a pond in inner court, &
Hyangwonjeong ② >
< Geumcheon flowing past Jip'okchae &
Gyeonghoeru to Geunjeong-mun ① >
<Gyeonghoeru &Pond④>
2. Wisdom of Ancestors in Responding to Heavy Rainfall Disaster
②
④
①
③

16. 16
< Bakseok in front of Geunjeong-jeon , Gyeongbok Palace >

17. 17
 Hahoe Village of Andong
 As it is located on a high plateau at the center, Hahoe Maeul has a natural drainage
system with the west and the south sides flowing directly into Nakdong River.
 To the north of Hahoe, there flows down several streams from the East
Mountain, to constitute at the downstream a large-scale pond.
< Overview of Hahoe Village >
<A Pond at Hahoe Village>

18. 18
 For cities to better adapt and respond to heavy rain disaster caused by
climate change (bigger size, routinization), a Comprehensive Disaster
Prevention System needs to be constructed in which all the constituents
of a city respond in harmony to an impending disaster
 Comprehensive Disaster Prevention System denotes a system that shares
disaster risks in linkage with and in response to urban land use, urban
infrastructure (park, green belt), complexes (i.e., housing complex), buildings,
and citizens in addition to traditional disaster prevention system (river, sewer,
pump station)
 Comprehensive Disaster Prevention System can be constructed more
effectively, utilizing spatial planning such as urban planning and design
- Runoff reduction through enhancement of storage and infiltration capacity of ground
surfaces in addition to risk sharing of enlarged disasters
- Alleviation of loads on traditional disaster prevention system (Secondary effect)
3. Urban Disaster Prevention Strategy in Korea
1) Basic Direction of Disaster Prevention in Response to Climate Change

19. 19
< Measures for Disaster Prevention in Cities based on Disaster Size >

20. 20
 What is PSR Strategy?
 PSR, a modern version of our ancestor’s spatial drainage system (valley - small pond - village(natural &
man-made waterways) – large pond – river), denotes a multilayered urban disaster prevention strategy
that delays runoff of rainwater or stores it ‘’layer after layer” taking characteristics of the scope of direct
and indirect disaster influences into consideration
- Disaster vulnerable site (S), a scope of direct disaster influence, human lives and property should be
protected through land use measures, restriction on installation of urban infrastructure, and LID
application taking disaster risks such as inundation depth into consideration
- In urban responding region (R), which is a scope of indirect disaster influence, impacts within disaster
vulnerable sites (S) should be mitigated by instituting disaster reduction measures such asreduction of
rainwater runoff or surface water delay utilizing urban planning facilities taking slope of the region
and catchment area into consideration
< PSR Strategy Concept >
P ★
S
RS
R
★
P
R
P
S
Grade1 Grade2 Grade3
R
S
P
2) Total Disaster Prevention System Implementation Considering Regional
Disaster Pattern and Characteristic : PSR Strategy

21. 21
 Illustration of PSR-based disaster reducing urban design techniques
1. Flood damage influencing area
division
2. Land use arrangement
3. Disaster vulnerable area(S) measures 4. Urban responding area(R) measures
Low risk areas(R)
Medium risk
areas(S2)
High risk areas(S1)
Low Lands
High Lands
Medium risk
areas(S2)
Low risk areas(R)
Medium risk
areas(S2)
High risk areas(S1)
Construction of
Retention Facility
Elevation of Ground
Level / Buildings Resistant
to Flooding
Low risk areas(R)
Medium risk
areas(S2)
High risk areas(S1)
Residential Districts
Commercial Districts
Sports, Leisure Districts
Open Space
Road Drainage
Permeable Pavement
Wetlands
Green Roof
Rain Barrel
Temporary Retention Pond
Constant Retention Pond
Floodplain
Manmade Wetland

22. 22
① Change the path of runoff through the
road network structure improvement
(Road water blocking board installation
etc.)
② Multilayered runoff delay and retention
by installing ecological waterways and
retention facilities for P-S-R
Flood
Quantity(Q)
Time to reach(t)
Q1
Q2
t1 t2
Before applying
PSR (Present City)
After applying PSR
< Surface Water Runoff Control System Concept Diagram in PSR Strategy >
Before applying PSR
After applying PSR
zP
S
R
P
S
R
Ecological
retention
area
(Small)
Ecological
waterways
(Small)
Ecological
waterways
(Medium)
Ecological
retention
area
(Medium)
Ecological
retention area
(Large)

23. 23
< Trinity River Project (Dallas, USA) > < Example of Erosion Control Facility >
 Measures for Disaster Occurring Point (Point)
 Take structural measures mainly with disaster prevention facilities
- Reinforce dykes, enlarge sewer or storage capacity, expand pump
stations, install erosion control facilities, etc.

24. 24
 Measures for Disaster Vulnerable Site (Site)
 To minimize human casualties, improve land use, restrict installation of
important urban infrastructure, reinforce rainwater drainage, introduce low
impact development techniques, employ adaptive measures for building, etc.
< River basin low land : Green corridor
constructed for disaster prevention >
< Concept Drawing of Super Dyke >
Present After Improvement
< Ecological Waterways> < Ecological retention area > < Piloti Structure >

25. 25
 Measures for Urban Responding Region (Region)
 Customized measures to fit topographical characteristics
- Employ appropriate measures taking inclination and catchment area of
the locality into consideration: Steep-slope lowland type is an area with
steep slope and small catchment area, Gentle-slope lowland type is an
area with gentle slope and large catchment area, whereas Mixed
topography is an area that has characteristics of both the steep-slope
lowland type and the gentle-slope lowland type
< Steep-slope Lowland Type > < Gentle-slope Lowland Type > < Mixed Topography >
R
S
PP
R
S
P
R
S

26. 26
① Steep-slope Lowland Type
 For steep-slope lowland type, surface water control (improvement of road
network, installation of road water blocking board ) and reinforcement of
rainwater drainage facility are required as rain water can pour in short notice
as rate of flow is very high
Small
catchment
area
Changing
runoff paths
Changing
runoff paths
Drainage
facilities
strengthen
Changing runoff
paths
Increasing rainwater
draining capacity
(ssokssok rain
gutter, etc.)
Linear drainage
along the road ,
discharged
directly into
coastal
< Measures for Steep-slope Lowland Type: An Example >

27. 27
② Gentle-slope Lowland Type
 For gentle-slope lowland type, rainwater storage and low impact development
techniques should be introduced utilizing urban infrastructures (park, greet
belt, school, official building) rather than improving drainage facility such as
drainage pipe as rainwater flows in from a wide area even though flow rate is
low
Large catchment area
Sports complex retention
School retention
Retention limit: 30cm
Retention limit: 30cm
Granting rainwater retention
capabilities to Urban Infrastructure
Runoff reduction
through LID, pervious
area increase
< Measures for Gentle-slope Lowland Type: An Example >

28. 28
 Case of the rainwater retention function provided in the complex: Kobaco
training institute in Yangpyeong
Olympic Park
(Stormwater
detention pond)
BEXCO
Suyeong
River
Busan Art
Museum
 Case of the stormwater detention by using the city park: Stormwater
detention pond in the Olympic Park of Centum City, Busan

29. 29
 Case of the rainwater detention using a park or a public square, etc. :
Rotterdam in Netherlands(Waterplan2)

30. 30
 Gangnam Station and its vicinity is repeatedly inundated. Measures should be
introduced strategically since a steep-slope area and a gentle-slope area
meet at this area
 The steep-slope area runs east-west and the gentle-slope area runs north-south
 R should be set in such a way that it would embrace S in consideration of local
topography and catchments
P
S
R
Gangnam
Station
< PSR Marking at Gangnam Station and Its Vicinity >
Legend
S Area
R Area
Elevation
191 - 284
154 - 191
123 - 154
94 - 123
68 - 94
46 - 68
29 - 46
16 - 29
2 - 16
4. Example of PSR Application: Gangnam Station & Its Vicinity

31. 31
Year
Maximum
precipitation
(mm/hr)
Maximum
precipitation
(mm/day)
Flood
damage
(No of
households)
Remark
2001 93 285 7,764
2010 78 261 316
Newbundang subway line
inundated quantity: 62,066㎥
2011 86 340 1,214
Newbundang subway line
inundated quantity: 36,811㎥
2012 60.5 178.5 -
2013 58.5 141.5 -
< Gangnam-daero >
< F4 Underground ,
Gangnam Station >
< Gangnam Station &
vicinity >
< Jinheung Apartment
Junction >
 Inundation occurred five (5) times at Gangnam Station and its vicinity since
2000; after 2010, inundation occurred every year repeatedly
 Five inundations (2001, 2010, 2011,2012 and 2013), of which three (3) resulted
in flood damage.
 Temporary traffic jam due to drain delay in 2012, 2013

32. 32
A A′
•
•
Gangnam Station Bangbang Junction
•
Shin Nonhyeon
Station Yangjae
Station
•
B B′
•
•
Seocho
Station
•
Gyodae
Station
•
Jinheung Apt
Junction
•
Yeoksam
Station
Gangnam
Station
< Analyzing inundated area & vicinity >
 Land Use
 The inundated area at Gangnam St. and its vicinity is a lowland of basin type that
is marked by altitude difference from nearby areas
- Along Gangnam-daero (A~A′), a distance of 500 m from Gangnam St. to Nonhyeon St. and
the Bang bang Junction section in the direction Yangjae St. is a lowland area that has a
wide catchment area of a gentle slope type
- In Seocho St. (B)~Yeoksam St. (B′) section, the area from Gyodae St. to Gangnam St. is
the lowland area, with the section from Yeoksam St. to Gangnam St. being the area of
especially steep slope
A
A′
B
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
①
②
③
B′
1 2 3 3

33. 33
Gangnam-
daero
< State of Use District > < State of Impervious Areas >
 High concentration of residential and transient population feeds the anxiety on
possible human casualties as most of the use district in the inundated area at
Ganganam St. and its vicinity is either a residential area or a commercial area,
especially in the Seocho St.~Gyeodae St. section of Gangnam-daero
 Maximum outflow discharge is increased due to concentrated heavy rain in a
short period of time, caused by a high ratio of lowland impervious area at the
inundated section of Gangnam St. and its vicinity, overloading drainage facilities

34. 34
< State of Urban Infrastructure > < State of Roads Altitude >
 Urban Infrastructure
 Most of the urban infrastructure in the inundated and nearby areas include
schools, parks, and parking lot, but disaster prevention function such as water
retention, etc. is conspicuously lacking
 An analysis on the state of rainwater runoff from surface roads indicates that
runoff water will be concentrated into the inundated area since altitude of the
neighboring streets is higher

35. 35
 For Disaster Occurring Point (P), drainage facilities should be replaced and
their capacity should be enlarged as they are obsolete and inadequate
 For Disaster Vulnerable Site (S), rainwater storage facilities should be
installed as the rainwater flows in from a wide area although the flow rate
is low, especially in Nonhyeon St.- Bangbang Junction
 Road network should be improved (reduction of lanes, ecological waterways, change in
road inclination, installation of water blocking board for 1F stores) and underground
parking lots of large buildings should be used as rainwater storage facility
 Rainwater storage capability should be given to urban infrastructure (park, green
belt, school, official buildings).
< Improved Road Network Reflecting the State of Inclination and Traffic Volume >
Bus-onlylanes
Road slope changes
Ecological
Waterways
EcologicalWaterways
Reducing
lanes One lane to be secured for
Ecological Waterways
Undergrou
ndparking
Undergrou
ndparking
Undergrou
ndparking
Undergrou
ndparking
Water
blocking
door
Water
blocking
door

36. 36
 In Yeoksam St.-Gangnam St. section of Urban Responding Region (R), surface
water flow should be delayed by an apparatus on the steep-sloped road as the
rainwater collects rapidly
 Course of surface water flow should be changed by road water blocking board
on the steep-sloped road and permeable pavement, small retention area and
water blocking board should be installed for shops
- Space should be created to store rainwater on roadside trees along the steep-sloped
highway in Yeoksam St.-Gangnam St. section
< Apparatus for Controlling Surface Water >
Ecological
Waterways
Gangnam
Station
Junction
Yeoksam
Station
Steepslope
Small
retention
area
Small retention
area
Permeable
pavement
Yeoksam
Park
Rainwater
storage facility
Water blocking
boad
Rainwater
storage
facility
Rainwater
storage
facility
Roadwater
blockingboard
Roadwater
blockingboard
Water blocking
boad

37. Ⅲ. Disaster Risk Analysis
using Spatial Data and
Technologies

38. 38
 Current status
 To create a safe city in response to climate changes, a planning system for land use,
infrastructures, parks, green spaces, etc. needs to be provided considering disaster
vulnerable areas, etc. from the planning phase
 Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport revised a urban planning guideline on
December 15, 2011 and introduced the disaster vulnerability analysis while establishing
urban disaster policies because of the Woomyunsan landslides and the Gangnam
Station area flooding
 It was applied to all the urban plans which are established and changed from July 2012
< Occurrence of a variety of disasters due to the impact of climate changes >
1. Disaster Vulnerability Analysis

39. 39
 Multi-Scale Disaster Vulnerability Analysis, Disaster Preventive Urban Planning

40. 40
 Concept of disaster vulnerability analysis
 Disasters to be analyzed for disaster vulnerability according to urban climate
changes are divided into 6 disasters: heavy rains (floods, landslides), heat waves,
heavy snow, high winds, droughts, sea level rise
 In urban climate change disaster vulnerability analysis , the frame of IPCC(2007)
climate change vulnerability analysis is maintained and exposure and sensibility are
considered. In addition, disaster vulnerable areas will be derived through the
relative analysis on a range of minimum space (aggregate of a population census
survey, usually 1/23 of Eup, Myeon, Dong) within a municipality
- The exposure indicates the influence by climate factors such as temperatures, precipitation,
etc., which cause climate disasters
- The sensitivity means a negative impact on urban physical characteristics and urban
components (citizen, infrastructures, buildings) according to disasters resulting from
climate changes
- The results of disaster vulnerability analysis are graded into Ⅰ~Ⅳ grades through the
relative evaluation by an aggregate group
< Concept of urban climate change disaster vulnerability analysis >
Exposure Sensitivity
Urban Potential Vulnerability Adaptation Capacity
Urban Climate Change Disaster Vulnerability

41. 41
Analytical Structure of Disaster Vulnerability according to Urban Climate Change
Procedures of analysis of urban climate change
disaster vulnerability
Analysis and forecast of municipal disaster
damages
Construction of DB by target disaster and
indicator
Proposed direction of urban planning
Selection of disaster type to be analyzed for
vulnerability evaluation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Comment of local
stakeholders (official s,
professionals, residents,
etc.)
Urban comprehensive disaster vulnerability
Analysis of urban climate changes
disaster vulnerability
Current
vulnerability
Current exposure
Current sensitivity
Future vulnerability
Future exposure
Future sensitivity
Comprehensive disaster vulnerability(Plan)
Local stakeholder
consultation
Survey and analysis of
vulnerability
(Citizens)
(Urban Infrastructure)
(Buildings)
 Structure of disaster vulnerability analysis
 Urban climate change disaster vulnerability are
divided into current vulnerability, future
vulnerability, and comprehensive urban
disaster vulnerability

42. 42
< Comprehensive disaster vulnerability analysis >
Current disaster vulnerability Future disaster vulnerability
Future-new disaster vulnerable
area
Comprehensive disaster vulnerability (draft) Comprehensive urban disaster vulnerability
1 2 3
4 5
 How to analyze urban comprehensive disaster vulnerability
 Comprehensive disaster vulnerability (draft) is created by nesting new disaster vulnerable
areas (Grades I, II) focusing on the current disaster vulnerability
 Comprehensive urban disaster vulnerability is fixed by reviewing the rating change, if
necessary, through site investigation for comprehensive disaster vulnerability (draft) and
consultation of experts, government officials, residents, etc

43. 43
 Disaster Vulnerability Analysis Results (National Level)
<Heavy Rainfall: Present> <Heat Wave: Present> <Heavy Snow: Present> <Droughts: Present> <High Winds: Present>
< Heavy Rainfall: Future> <Heat Wave: Future> <Heavy Snow: Future> <Droughts: Future> <High Winds: Future>

44. 44
 Heavy Rainfall
<Present> <Future>

45. 45
 Heat Wave
<Present> <Future>

46. 46
 Heavy Snow
<Present> <Future>

47. 47
 Droughts
<Present> <Future>

48. 48
 High Winds
<Present> <Future>

49. 49
 Sea Level Rise
<Present> <Future>

50. 50
 Disaster Vulnerability Analysis Example (Local Level)

51. 51
2. Simulation System for Flood Preventive Urban Planning

52. 52

53. 53
DEM
1
0
_
S
oi
l
1
0
_
D
E
M
Soil
Land
Use Land
Registr
ation
River
Order
Flow
Direction
Apply the
Heavy
Rainfall
Scenario
10_P
NU
10_L
and
10_S
oil
10_D
EM

54. 54

55. 55
<Site> <Site Inundation Depth>
Inundation
Level
Depth
1 - 0.5m
2 0.5-1.0m
3 1.0m -

56. 56
<Region> <Region Classification>

57. 57
< Detention Type >
DEM변경
CN변경
< Penetration Type >
Point BMP Linear BMP Area BMP
Detention Type Rain Barrel Green Roof
Penetration Type
Rain Garden
Infiltration Basin
Infiltration Trench
Grassed Swale
Vegetated Filter Strip
Porous Pavement
Mixed Type
Bioretention
Constructed Wetland
Dry Pond
Wet Pond
Source : EPA SWMM verion 5.1 Manual, EPA SUSTAIN version 1.2 Manual

58. 58

59. 59

60. 60

61. 61
3. 3D Simulation System for Urban Debris Flows
?
Previous
Research
산지부 결과
도심지 결과
통합 결과
Mt.
Urban
Boundary

62. 62
Human Risk Total RiskPhysical Risk
Case 8.
30년 빈도 24시간 강우 시(Mononobe)
Case 1.
30년 빈도 1시간 강우 시(Huff4)

63. 63
● Urban Debris Management System Interface
<Risk Information Search> <Analysis Result>

64. 64
 Land Use
4. Disaster Risk Sensitive Urban Planning

65. 65
 Infrastructure

66. 66
단독주택 저층 공동주택
 Buildings

67. 67
▲Debris Barrier
Infiltration▼
◀Set Back
Set Back▶
▲Park
Ecological Pond
▼
▲
Open Space
▲Retention
◀ Retention
▼ Building Arrangement
▲
Buffer Green Belt
예상침수위
◀ Building Arrangement

68. Ⅳ. Urban Disaster Prevention
Policies and Practices in Korea

69. 69
 Related disaster risk zone
1. Natural disaster risk zone of the Article 12 of the “Natural Disaster Measure Act”
2. Collapse risk area of the Article 6 of “Act on the steep slope disaster prevention”
3. Landslide susceptible areas of the Article 45.8 of the “Forest Act’
4. Disaster management district of the Article 19 of the “Coastal Management Act”
 Basis of being designated as a disaster preventing zone
 Zones designated for areas needed to prevent storm and flood damages, landslides,
collapse of the ground, and other disasters (Article 37 of National Land Planning Act)
 Disaster preventing zones are mandated (2012) and an enforcement ordinance amendment
(draft) are prepared (2013)
 Act limits for a disaster preventing zone
 Prohibition of building the structures prescribed by urban planning regulations as it is
acknowledged to be deterrent to cataclysm, landslides, collapse, earthquakes, and others
(Article 75 of National Land Planning Act Enforcement Ordinance)
 Status of disaster prevention zone
 As of 2013, 15 zones and 3.443㎢ are designated across the country
1. Disaster Preventing Zone

70. 70
Disaster Occurring Area
Disaster Preventing Zone
Disaster Managing District

71. 71

72. 72
Sample 1. Urban Disaster Preventing Zone

73. 73

74. 74
Sample 2. Natural Disaster Preventing Zone

75. 75

76. 76
 Management and support of disaster preventing zone (guideline)
 Establishment of disaster reduction measures of disaster preventing zone
 (Act limit) prohibiting the construction deterrent to accident prevention Restrictions upon
housing use less than expected flooding level (Pilotti frame construction, low-lying ground
rising, etc.)
 (Incentive) The floor space index is eased by 120% through the deliberation of the city
planning commission considering the loss due to housing use restrictions less than the
expected flooding level and the cost for the disaster reduction measures
 (City Improvement) Disaster risks are resolved through the urban development by
preferentially designating the districts as the target region for "residential environment
improvement projects”, “housing redevelopment projects”, and “housing reconstruction
projects”
방재지구 구역설정(안)방재지구 구역설정(안)

77. 77
 Enhancement of disaster prevention standards (2012) of urban planning
facilities (7 counties, 53 facilities): Regulations on decisions, structures,
and installation of urban, provincial planning facilities
 Major facilities installation is restricted in disaster vulnerable areas
- School, public building, comprehensive medical facilities, roads, under-passes, etc.
 Disaster prevention functions are granted to main infrastructure facilities ,such
as permeable pavement, detention facilities, ecological channels, shelters, etc.
- Permeable pavement: Roads, parking lots, plazas, amusement parks, and public lands
- Detention facilities installation: Public buildings, parking lots, public sites
- Eco-channel installation: Roads, parking lots, squares, amusement parks
- Evacuation facilities installed : Schools, grounds, public buildings
 Detention facilities are installed in city parks
- Pilot projects from April 2013 : 2 places - currently, Yangjae Neighborhood Park in
Seoul, Iro Park in Mokpo
2. Disaster prevention functions in urban infrastructures

78. 78
 Introduction and enforcement of seismic design for infrastructures and
structures in preparation of earthquakes
 Criteria for introducing and applying seismic design by infrastructures
 Structures for seismic design (Article 32 of the Building Code Act/ Articles 56,
58 of the Rules on Structure Standards)
- Structures over the 3rd floor
- Structures over 1,000㎡ in GFA
- Structures over 13m in height
- Structures worth being preserved as a national cultural heritage, etc.
Facility
Introduced
year
Applying
criteria
Facilities
Introduced
year
Applying
criteria
Dam 1979 5.4~6.2 Tunnel 1985 5.7~6.3
Structure
1988(introduc
ed)
2005(raised )
5.5~6.5
6.0~7.0
Railway 1991 5.7~6.4
High-speed
rail
1991 5.5~7.0 Bridge 1992 5.7~6.3
Water gate 2000 5.7~6.1
Undergroun
d structure
2000 5.5~6.0
Airport 2004 5.5~6.0 Subway 2005 5.7~6.3
(Unit : year, Richter)

79. 79
 Problems of urban watersheds
 Limits in traditional river measures ( river-wide
expansion, bank increasing, etc. )
 Lack of cooperation between upper and
downstream municipalities and in various
disaster plans
 Current Status
 Comprehensive watershed plan for connecting
rivers-sewers-city infrastructures in cities
watersheds where habitual flooding occurs
(rivers flowing more than 2 municipalities)
 Demonstration projects for Gyeyang River -
Urban Watersheds (Incheon, Gimpo) where
flooding damages frequently occurred (pilot
project location )
 Expanded to the whole country from 2014
< Pilot project location>
김포시청
경 기 도
고양시
경 기 도
김포시
천 광 역
서 구
인 시
천광역
계양구
인 시
경 기 도
김포시
운양펌프장유역
A=33.8km2
인천국제공항고속도로
운양펌프장(증설)
32m3/S⇒127m3/S
향산2펌프장(증설)
28m3/S⇒103m3/S
향산1펌프장
5.1m3/S(유역외)
유수지 조성
(A=48,000m2)
향산2펌프장유역
A=22.1km2
사우동
가동보
향산가
동보
방
수
로
천변저류지조성
A=303천km2
3. Comprehensive flood control planning for urban sheds

80. 80
 Integrated management of new urban disaster DBs by connecting distributed
urban disaster prevention and analyzing disaster vulnerability through
establishment of urban disaster prevention DB management system
 UPIS connected to an urban disaster prevention DB management system
 An urban disaster prevention DB management system links and uses the urban
relevant information of the Urban Planning Information System(UPIS)
 The Urban Planning Information System (UPIS) provides public service for local
governments, etc. by adding urban disaster –related layers on a standard DB
and related institutions’ DBs and new urban disaster prevention DBs
DB
Integrated
Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure and
Transport
(National Urban Disaster
Prevention Research
Center)
N Division Z Division X Division L DivisionADivision … F Division Y Division TDivision … J Division Z Division H Division …R Division S Division Q Division … O Division C Division B Division …
관련 국가기관
QDivision K Division I Division …
Ministry of Land,
Infrastructure and
Transport
Korea Forest
Service Ministry
National Emergency
Management Agency
Korea
Meteorological
Office
Rural Development
Administration (RDA)
Related National
Agencies
Urban Planning
Information System
4. Urban disaster prevention DB management system

81. 81
 Basis of Center Establishment
 Urban disasters are becoming larger and routinized due to the impact of climate changes
 A dedicated organization needs to be established to systematically perform policy and
technology researches
 On April 6, 2012 the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport established “National
Urban Disaster Prevention Research Center” under Korea Research Institute for Human
Settlements
 Major Role
 This center supports the central government to promote urban disaster prevention
policies and provides technical support and consulting to local governments to create
disaster reduction cities
Urban Disaster Prevention & Water
Resource Research Center
Urban disaster prevention policy and system improvement
support by the central government
Performs urban disaster prevention researches
Supports local government for urban disaster prevention
and performs entrusted projects
Establishes and operates an urban disaster analysis system
Establishes the cooperation networks
5. Urban Disaster Prevention & Water Resource Research Center

82. 2018 KOICA-UNESCAP Spatial data and Technologies for urban planning and disaster management
Q & A

83. 2018 KOICA-UNESCAP Spatial data and Technologies for urban planning and disaster management
THANK YOU!