Reveiw 1- Deals with Background,topic,Need of study &literature review.

1. “COASTAL URBAN FLOOD RISK
MANAGEMENT”
Presented By, Remya Panicker
Under the guidance of Asst. Prof. Sameer Deshkar

2. BACKGROUND
•Increased flood
occurrences & rising
threat to life and property.
•Coastal areas worst
affected due to floods.
•Need for integrating risk
management and
development approaches

3. `
Flood disaster trend in Asia in comparison to
other disasters in last 28 years.
P O
`
R T

4. Kolkata70%
Mumbai-63%
Source:

5. NEED OF STUDY
Inter relation of factors
for coastal urban
vulnerability
Coastal sensitivity w.r.t.
climate change
Why coasts for flood
risk management
study?

6. Coastal
cities
Category

7. Coastal
urban
vulnerability Land pressure
Location
Infrastructure incapacity
Climate
sensitivity
Unpreparedness
Economic growth
Population
growth
Urbanization
Informal
settlements
High Priority
Low Priority
to threat Infrequency
of hazardous
events
•Existing developments
•unawareness
•Lack of clear policies
•Lack of policy
implementation
•Limited knowledge &
study of climate
change impacts.
•High cost of hazard
mapping
•Limited resources
•Allocation of
resources
Poor
governance
SITE: Level of stake
(--) (+)DISTANCEfromphenomena
CLOSE
FAR
RISK MATRIX:

8. AIM & OBJECTIVES
OBJECTIVES:
To study and understand various causes and consequences of floods
on urban developments.
Study existing regulations and plans for flood risk mitigation in
coastal regions
Study various aspects contributing to flood risk resiliency in urban
areas
Study different methods and approaches for resiliency evaluation
Apply CDRI to Kochi and propose an adaptive flood risk
management strategy
AIM: To plan for resilient developments in coastal urban area
through flood risk management approach
GOAL: Sustainable development of coastal urban areas

9. SCOPE & LIMITATIONS
Scope:
•A city level study is intended to analyze the individual resiliency of
the wards.
•A comparative analysis with another coastal city is intended.
•The study does not include the study of future climate induced
changes on the coastal area under consideration.
Limitation:
•Data accuracy and quality.
•To support the city level study, survey of city officials is intended.
Questionnaires to be filled by civic officials and their understanding
of questionnaire is important for accurate analysis.
•The results that will be presented in this work will not be absolute
values but will be broad policy guidance and scope of improvements
in the respective sector of flood disaster related problems.

10. METHODOLOGY
Resilient
development
through Flood
risk
management
Study the causes and
consequences of floods
on urban developments
Study regulations and
plans for coastal areas.
Study aspects of flood
resiliency and
approaches and
methods of resiliency
evaluation
Apply CDRI to Kochi
& Propose an adaptive
flood risk management
strategy
OBJECTIVES
AIM
1
2
3 4
•Overview of flood
Lit.Review-1
Lit.Rev-2,
DataCollection-1
•NDM guidelines
•Kerala SDM
policy,2010,Cochin disaster
management studies,2005
•CRZ & Kerala state
•Resiliency assessment using
5 capital approach
DataCollection-2
Questionnaire filling by local
authorities.
Field study
Comparative ward resiliency
assessment
DataAnalysis
&proposal
Selection of
appropriate
method for
analysis.
Identify
flaws of
existing set
up
Understanding
the
relationship of
floods and
urban
developments
Prepare a
proposal
RESULTS
EndResult
5
•Study role of governance,
communities urban services
and policies in resiliency
building

11. LITERATURE REVIEW
TERMS: FLOODS,flood (vulnerability, exposure, susceptibility and risk)
Disaster management and floods.
Resiliency concept in Disaster management.
CRZ policy.

12. TERMS&CONCEPTS:
Source: Components of disaster risk.
GTZ, Eschborn 2001.

13. FLOOD RISK:
The measure of expected losses (death, injuries, property, livelihoods, economic
activity disrupted or environment damaged) resulting from interactions between
natural or human-induced hazards and vulnerable conditions occurring in a given
area over specific time period. (UNISDR, 2004).
FLOOOD VULNERABILITY:
The conditions determined by physical, social, economic, and environmental
factors or processes, which increase the susceptibility of a community to the
impact of hazards. (UNISDR, 2004).
FLOOD HAZARD:
A potentially damaging flood event that may cause loss of life or injury,
property damage, social and economic disruption or environmental degradation.
Hazards can be single, sequential or combined in their origin and effects. Hazards
may be characterised by their location, intensity, frequency and probability of
occurrence (UNISDR, 2004).
FLOOD DISASTERS:
A damaging flood hazard that adversely affects human populations and the
environment beyond the capacity of the community to cope using its own
resources. (UNISDR, 2004).

14. Incremental impacts on urban
systems:
BUILT ENVIRONMENT:
•Stress on building foundations
•Road washouts
•Stress on storm-water and sewage
systems
•Stress on water treatment systems
•Disruption to shipping and ports
•Increased energy demands
•Increased road surface damage
•Increased demand for water
Impacts on urban residents:
Causes &
Consequences of
floods on urban
developments

15. DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT:
The systematic process of using administrative decisions, organisations,
operational skills and capacities to implement policies, as well as the strategies
and coping capacities of the society and communities to lessen the impacts of
natural hazards and related environmental and technological disasters. This
comprises all forms of activities, including structural and non-structural measures
to avoid or limit the adverse effects of a hazard (UNISDR, 2004).
FLOOD RISK MANAGEMENT:
The management of floodplains through a systematic process requiring risk
assessment, strategic planning, development of risk reduction measures and
implementing activities. The process involves multiple stakeholder and sector
cooperation, with the aim to reduce flood risks in a sustainable manner.

16. What is resiliency?
Resilience is the ability to grow and thrive in the face of challenges and bounce
back from adversity. It is built through a set of core competencies that enable mental
toughness, optimal performance, strong leadership, and goal achievement.
`

17. POLICY: COASTAL REGULATION ZONE
Central Government declared “the coastal stretches of seas, bays, estuaries,
creeks, rivers and backwaters which are influenced by tidal action (in the
landward side) up to 500 metres from the High Tide Line (HTL) and the
land between the Low Tide Line (LTL) and the HTL as Coastal Regulation
Zone.”
200m 300m
COASTLINE
LTL HTL
Prohibition
Restriction &
Regulation
Towards land

18. Prohibited activities: Restricted activities:
•Setting up of new industries
•Manufacture, handling or
storage of hazardous
substances.
•Expansion of fish processing
units
•Dumping or filing of city waste
for land filling
•Land reclamation, land filling
•Construction activities in
ecologically sensitive areas.
•Mining
•Clearance shall be given for any activity
within the Coastal Regulation Zone only if it
requires water front and foreshore
facilities.
•Construction activities related to Defence
requirements for which foreshore facilities
are essential.
•Operational constructions for ports and
harbours and light houses requiring water
frontage;
•Thermal power plants
•All other activities with investment
exceeding rupees five crores.

19. Classification of the CRZ – For the purpose of conserving and protecting the
coastal areas and marine waters, the CRZ area shall be classified as follows,
(i) CRZ-I,–
A. The areas that are ecologically sensitive and the geomorphologic features which
play a role in the maintaining the integrity of the coast,
B. The area between Low Tide Line and High Tide Line;
(ii) CRZ-II,-
The areas that have been developed upto or close to the shoreline.
iii) CRZ-III,-
Areas that are relatively undisturbed and those do not belong to either CRZ-I or II
which include coastal zone in the rural areas.
(iv)CRZ-IV,-
The water area from the Low Tide Line to twelve nautical miles on the seaward side;

20. (v) Areas requiring special consideration for the purpose of protecting the critical
coastal environment and difficulties faced by local communities,-
A. (i) CRZ area falling within municipal limits of Greater Mumbai;
(ii) the CRZ areas of Kerala including the backwaters and backwater islands;
(iii) CRZ areas of Goa.
B. Critically Vulnerable Coastal Areas (CVCA) such as Sunder bans region of
West Bengal and other ecologically sensitive areas identified as under
Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and managed with the involvement of coastal
communities including fisher folk.
ISSUES:
State wise costal assessment and policy modifications.
Clarity in the interpretation of clauses and terms.
A clear time frame for implementation.
Participation of the users in the decisions related to the use and management of
the coast and its resources.

21. Rapid urbanisation requires the integration of flood risk management
into regular urban planning and governance.
Designs for flood management must be able to cope with a changing
and uncertain future.
An integrated strategy requires the use of both structural and non-
structural measures and good metrics for “ getting the balance right”.
It is impossible to eliminate entirely the risk from flooding.
Many flood management measures have co-benefits over and above
their flood management role.
Plan to recover quickly after flooding and use the recovery to build
capacity.
INFERENCES:

22. References:
•UNDP,adpc,2005,”Integrated flood risk management in Asia”
•Abhas K Jha ,Robin Bloch,Jessica Lamond,2011,”Cities and Flooding -A Guide to
Integrated Urban Flood Risk Management for the 21st Century”
•Nicholls, R.J. Hanson, S. Herweijer, C, Patmore,OECD,2005,” Ranking of the
world's cities most exposed to coastal flooding today and in the future “
•Rajib Shaw and IEDM team, "Climate disaster resilience: focus on coastal urban
cities in Asia “

23. Thank you for your
attention!!