Class 12th ch 9 psychology and sports by bhawani pratap singh shekhawat

CBSE 12TH CLASS SESSION 2020-21
BY: BHAWANI PRATAP SINGH SHEKHAWAT
By : Bhawani Pratap Singh Shekhawat , // bhawani912@gmail.com / +91 8005864874 //

CHAPTER – 9
PSYCHOLOGY
AND
SPORTS

CONTENTS
9.1
• PERSONALITY; ITS DEFINITION & TYPES – TRAIT & TYPES (SHELDON & JUNG CLASSIFICATION) &
BIG FIVE THEORY
9.2
• MOTIVATION, ITS TYPE & TECHNIQUES
9.3
• EXERCISE ADHERENCE; REASONS TO EXERCISE, BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
9.4
• STRATEGIES FOR ENHANCING ADHERENCE TO EXERCISE
9.5
• MEANING, CONCEPT & TYPES OF AGGRESSIONS IN SPORTS

9.1 PERSONALITY; ITS DEFINITION & TYPES – TRAIT & TYPES
(SHELDON & JUNG CLASSIFICATION) & BIG FIVE THEORY

MEANING OF
PERSONALITY
❖The Word Personality Is Derived From Latin
Word ‘Persona’ Meaning ‘Mask’.
❖Personality Is Described As Sum Total Of All
Traits And Distinguishing Qualities Of An
Individual.
❖According To Eysenck - “Personality Is The Sum
Total Of The Actual Or Potential Behaviour
Patters Of The Organism.”

DIMENSIONS OF PERSONALITY
PHYSICAL
DIMENSION
MENTAL
DIMENSION
SOCIAL DIMENSION
EMOTIONAL
DIMENSION

PHYSICAL
DIMENSION
❖ Physique As The Primary Aspect Of Personality.
❖ Physical Dimension Of Personality Means How We
Look, Height, Weight, Etc.
❖ Individuals Are Attracted Towards The Person Who
Has Good Physique And Health
❖ Balanced Diet, Physical Exercise And Other
Environmental Factors Improve Physical
Dimension Of An Individual

MENTAL
DIMENSION
❖How We React And Respond
Quickly To Any Situation Or Event
❖It Helps In Learning New Skills,
Adjust In New Circumstances.
❖Development Of Thinking,
Reasoning, Intuition And
Judgement Are Possible Through
Education.

SOCIAL DIMENSION
❖Individuals Take Part In Sports To Satisfy Or
Gain Social Value Like Status Power,
Affection, Inherent Attitude, Tendency,
Interest And Capabilities.
❖One Has To Modify His/Her Behaviour To
Follow The Rules, Customs And Tradition
Of Society.

EMOTIONAL
DIMENSION
❖Every Child Responses Differently
As They Have Different Emotions.
❖Emotional Stability Is Important
Component Of Balanced
Personality.
❖It Helps To Select Different Sports
According To Their Nature, Built,
Temperament Etc.

TYPES OF PERSONALITY
• Type ‘A’ Personality
• Type ‘B’ Personality
• Type ‘C’ Personality
• Type ‘D’ Personality

TYPE ‘A’ PERSONALITY
❖ Very Competitive
❖ Self Critical
❖ High Working Involvement
❖ Highly Excited And Usually Fall Prey Hypertension
❖ Persistence Sense Of Urgency ( Always Struggling
Against The Clock)
❖ Quickly Impatient With Delays
❖ Easily Be Aroused To Anger, Hostility And Aggression
❖ More Prone To Heart Ailments

TYPE ‘B’ PERSONALITY
❖ Not Competitive In Nature
❖ Easy Going And Patient
❖ Usually Do Not Become Angry And Hostile
❖ Able To Express Their Emotion
Appropriately
❖ Able To Cope With Stress Effectively
❖ Not Overachievers And Overambitious In
Life
❖ Usually Quite Satisfied With Their Lives
❖ Successful Persons In Life

TYPE ‘C’ PERSONALITY
❖ PLEASING AND Appeasing Nature
❖ Unable To Express Their Emotions Specially
Anger
❖ Lethargic, Passive, Hopeless And Pessimistic
❖ Sometimes, They Even Deny Their Own
Needs
❖ Fell Alone And Their Loneliness Begins At An
Early Age
❖ May Enhance The Risk Of Cancer Due To
Their Behaviour Pattern

TYPE ‘D’ PERSONALITY
❖ Usually Suffer From High Degree Of Distress
❖ Persistently Suppress Their Feelings
❖ Don’t Share Their Emotions With Other Persons
Because They Always Have A Fear Of Rejection Or
Disapproval
❖ Usually Prone To Heart Ailments
❖ Susceptible To High Blood Pressure, Inflammation And
Depression
❖ Great Risk Of Premature Death
❖ Usually Lead A Poor Quality Of Life

TRAIT AND TYPES
• Endomorph
• Mesomorph
• Ectomorph
A. CLASSIFICATION BY WILLIAM HERBERT SHELDON
• Introverts
• Extroverts
• Ambiverts
B. JUNG’S CLASSIFICATION

A. CLASSIFICATION BY
WILLIAM HERBERT SHELDON
ENDOMORPH
❖ Pear Shaped Body
❖ Short Arms And Legs
❖ Rounded Physique
❖ Limbs Seem To Be Shorter Because Of Adipose Tissue
❖ Upper Parts Of Arms And Legs Are Thicker Than Lower Parts
❖ Hard For Them To Lose Weight
❖ Soft Body
❖ Underdeveloped Muscles
❖ Capacity For High Fat Storage And Become Fat Easily
❖ Sports Which Required Strength Like Weightlifting And Powerlifting Are
Most Suitable For Them

CLASSIFICATION BY WILLIAM
HERBERT SHELDON
MESOMORPH
❖ Athletic And Balanced Body Composition
❖ Increase Their Muscle Size Quickly And Easily
❖ Well-developed Rectangular Shaped Body.
❖ Thick Bones And Muscles
❖ Chest And Shoulder Are Larger And Broader In
Comparison To Waist Line
❖ Excel In Sports Which Required Great Strength, Agility
And Speed

CLASSIFICATION BY WILLIAM
HERBERT SHELDON
ECTOMORPH
❖ Slim Persons Because Their Muscles And Limbs Are
Elongated
❖ Difficulties In Gaining Weight
❖ Flat Chest And Have Less Muscle Mass
❖ Don’t Have Lot Of Strength But They Dominate The
Endurance Sports
❖ Quick Metabolism To Burn Fat
❖ Suited For Aerobic Activities Like Gymnastics.

B. JUNG’S
CLASSIFICATION
INTROVERTS
❖ Shyness
❖ Social Withdrawal
❖ Tendency To Talk Less
❖ Self Centred
❖ Unable To Adjust Easily In Society And Social Situations
❖ Very Sensible
❖ Rigid In Ides
❖ Future Oriented

JUNG’S
CLASSIFICATION
EXTROVERTS
❖ Tendency To Be Friendly, Outgoing, Talkative And Social In Nature
❖ Usually Prefer Social Contacts
❖ Generous, Supportive And Courageous
❖ Happy, Go, Lucky Person
❖ Interested In Present Reality Than Future
❖ Don’t Have Hesitation
❖ Express Their Feeling Openly
❖ Decision Taking And Act Upon It Quickly
❖ Not Affected Easily By Difficulties And Troubles

JUNG’S
CLASSIFICATION
AMBIVERTS
❖ The Combine
Characteristics Of
Introverts And
Extroverts
❖ Only Few Persons Who
Are Pure Ambiverts Or
Pure Introverts

BIG FIVE PERSONALITY
THEORY
The Big Five Personality Traits Are Openness,
Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness,
And Neuroticism.
These Five Factors Are Assumed To Represent
The Basic Structure Behind All Personality
Traits. An Acronym For Remembering These
Factors Can Be Formed By Rearranging The First
Letters Of Each Factor To Form The Word
OCEAN.

OPENNESS
❖Person Who Like To Learn New Things, New
Concept And Enjoy New Experiences Usually
Remain On The Top Of Openness.
❖Common Traits Related To Openness To
Experience Include:
➢ Imagination, Insightfulness, Varied Interests,
Originality, Daringness, Preference For Variety,
Cleverness, Creativity, Curiosity, Perceptiveness,
Intellect, Complexity/Depth

CONSCIENTIOUSNESS
❖ Person Who Have High Degree Of Conscientiousness
Are Reliable And Prompt.
❖ Such Person Remain Organized, Systematic, Laborious
And Complete In All Respects.
❖ Traits Within The Conscientiousness Factor Include:
➢ Persistence, Ambition, Thoroughness, Self-discipline,
Consistency, Predictability, Control, Reliability,
Resourcefulness, Hard Work, Energy, Perseverance And
Planning

EXTROVERSION
❖Extroverts Got Their Energy From Interacting
With Other Individuals, Whereas Introverts
Get Their Energy From Within Themselves.
❖The Traits Associated With Extroversion Are:
➢ Socialness, Assertiveness, Merriness, Outgoing
Nature, Energy, Talkativeness, Ability To Be
Articulate, Fun-loving Nature, Tendency For
Affection, Friendliness And Social Confidence

AGREEABLENESS
❖ Such Individual Are Friendly, Cooperative, Compatible,
Kind And Gentle.
❖ Person With Too Agreeableness May Be More Distant
Or Aloof.
❖ The Following Traits Fall Under The Umbrella Of
Agreeableness:
➢ Altruism, Trust, Modesty, Humbleness, Patience,
Moderation, Tact, Politeness, Kindness, Loyalty,
Unselfishness, Helpfulness, Sensitivity, Amiability,
Cheerfulness And Consideration.

NEUROTICISM
❖ Neuroticism Is Also Called Emotional Stability. This
Dimension Relates To One’s Emotional Stability And
The Degree Of Negative Emotions. Person Who Have
High Neuroticism Usually Experience Emotional
Instability And Negative Emotions. Such Individual
Remain Moody And Tense.
❖ These Traits Are Commonly Associated With
Neuroticism:
➢ Awkwardness, Pessimism, Moodiness, Jealousy, Testiness,
Fear, Nervousness, Anxiety, Wariness, Self-criticism, Lack
Of Confidence, Insecurity, Instability And Oversensitivity.

9.2 MOTIVATION, ITS
TYPE & TECHNIQUES
MOTIVATION
❖ The Word Motivation Is Derived From A Latin
Word “Movere” Meaning “To Change, To Move”
❖ Motivation Is The Force Which Incites Individuals
To Perform Some Activities.
❖ It Is The Inner Urge Of An Individual To Achieve
The Goal.
❖ Types Of Motivation
1. Intrinsic Motivation
2. Extrinsic Motivation

1. INTRINSIC
MOTIVATION
❖It Means, Motivation Within Individuals
❖In This Kind Of Motivation Force Comes
From Within Oneself.
❖It Can Be Seen As To Get Social Approval,
To Display Superiority, For Enjoyment,
Satisfaction, To Show Mastery Over Skills
Etc.

2. EXTRINSIC
MOTIVATION
❖ It Is Known As External Factor Or Force Which
Compels The Sportsperson To Excel
❖ Extrinsic Motivation Plays An Important Role In
Games And Sports To Enhance The Performance
Or In Acquisition Of New Learning.
❖ Reward, Praise, Blame, Punishment Or Cash Prize
In Sports Are The Examples Of Extrinsic
Motivation

TECHNIQUES OF MOTIVATION
Goal Setting
Elaborate Arrangement Of Competition
Spectators
Verbal Comments
Hypnotism
Healthy Sports Environment
Knowledge Of Results
Praise And Blame
Case Prizes, Certificates And Trophies
Motivational Music
Positive Attitude
Positive Self Talk

9.3 EXERCISE ADHERENCE;
REASONS TO EXERCISE,
BENEFITS OF EXERCISE
EXERCISE ADHERENCE
❖Exercise Adherence Refers To Maintaining
An Exercise Regimen For A Prolonged
Period Of Time Following The Initial
Adaptation Phase.
❖Exercise Adherence Is Voluntary, Self-
regulated And Largely A Psychological Issue

REASON TO EXERCISE
Enhance Physical Appearance
Improved Psychological/ Emotional Health
Feel More Energized
Decrease Risk Of Diseases
For Controlling Body Weight
For Long Term Health
For Improve Social Relations
For Improve Physiological Health And Fitness

BENEFITS OF
EXERCISE
Reduce Risk Of Heart Diseases
Help In Keeping Correct Posture
Improves Mood
Boosts Memory
Reduces Depression
Lowers Anxiety
Strengthens Bones And Muscles
Improve Mental Alertness

BENEFITS OF
EXERCISE (CONT.)
Reduces Stress
Enhance Self-esteem
Improves Self-confidence And Body Image
Delays Fatigue
Provides Health Benefits
Helps In Early Recovery From Injury
Improves Flexibility
Feeling Great Overall

9.4 STRATEGIES FOR
ENHANCING ADHERENCE TO
EXERCISE
Simple Exercise In The Beginning
Exercise In The Morning
Concentrate Only On Yourself
Set Appropriate Goal
Take Support Of Others
Than Yourself
Select Interesting Exercises
Be Punctual
Make A Schedule
Be Aware About Your Progress
Variety In Exercise Programme

9.5 MEANING, CONCEPT &
TYPES OF AGGRESSIONS IN
SPORTS
MEANING AND CONCEPT OF AGGRESSIONS
❖ The Behaviour Must Be Directed At Another
Human Being With The Goal Of Causing Some
Form Of Physical Harm.
❖ The Behaviour Must Show A Reasonable
Expectation That The Attempt To Inflict Harm Will
Be Successful.

TYPES OF AGGRESSION
Hostile
Aggression
Instrumental
Aggression
Assertive
Behaviour

HOSTILE
AGGRESSION
❖ For An Individual To Be Showing Hostile Aggression
Their Primary Aim Is To Cause Injury To The Other
Human Being. Their Intent Is On Causing Pain And
Suffering.
❖ Hostile Aggressors Find Reinforcement To Their
Behaviour In The Pain, Suffering And Injuries Caused.
❖ A Good Example Of Hostile Aggression Is A Bowler
Throwing A Bouncer To Deliberately Shake Up The
Concentration Of A Batsman. Some Cricketers Have
Deliberately Done This In The Past With The Intent
Towards Injury.

INSTRUMENTAL
AGGRESSION
❖ Sometimes Aggressive Behaviour In Sports Is
Rewarded With Success.
❖ It Is Also Known As Challenged Aggression.
❖ For Athletes Driven By Instrumental Aggression Their
Goal Is The Realization Of An External Goal: Whether
This Is Fame, Money Or Victory In Performance.
❖ Boxing And Events Such As The Ufc Place A Reward On
Aggression In Terms Of Victory In The Ring Or Financial
Success.

ASSERTIVE
BEHAVIOUR
❖ This Is Define As Behavior That Involves The Use Of Legitimate
Physical Or Verbal Force To Achieve One’s Purpose.
❖ The Intension Is To Establish Dominance Rather Than To Harm
The Opponent.
❖ Any Physical Injury That May Occur Through Assertive
Behaviour Is Accidental And Unintentional.
❖ It Is Related To Four Main Criteria I.E., It Is Goal Oriented, Not
Indented To Harm , Uses Only Legitimate Force And Doesn’t
Break Any Rule Of The Game Or Sport.
❖ Example, Sledging In Cricket To Cause Psychological Discomfort
For The Batsman.

For Any
QUERY feel Free to
contact me!!!
For Any
QUERY feel Free to
contact me!!!

Class 12th ch 9 psychology and sports by bhawani pratap singh shekhawat

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