Up milling, also called conventional milling, involves the cutter rotating against the direction of feed, generating more heat from friction. It is generally used for rough cutting. Down milling involves the cutter rotating in the same direction as feed, generating less heat. It produces a better surface finish and is generally used for finishing operations due to longer tool life. The document provides definitions, differences, advantages and applications of up milling and down milling.

1. September 22,
2018
Up Milling and Down Milling:
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Let’s first understand the Milling Machine which I also written separate articles just check
out. I will drop the link below.
Definition:
This machine perhaps most widely used in manufacturing industries after the lathe
machine.
However, In the case of lathe machine, the tools used there single point cutting tool but In
the case of the milling machine, the tools used are multi-point cutting tools.
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2. The milling is a process of metal-removing by feeding the work past a rotating multipoint
cutter. The diagram is shown below:
This machine can hold one or more, number
of cutters at a time and rotates at high speed
to remove the metal at a faster rate.
The metal removal rate is faster as compared to a lathe machine.
This machine is used to make gears like Spur gears, and also drill the workpiece bore, and
produce slots.
Parts and its brief details:
Base:
It is the foundation part of a milling machine and all other parts are joined on it.
It carries the entire load so it should have high compressive strength and it is made up of
cast iron.
Column:
It is mounted vertically on the base.
It supports the knee, table, etc. Work as housing for all the other driving member.
it is a hollow member which contains driving gears and sometimes motor for the spindle
and the table.
Knee:
It is a casting that supports the saddle and table.
All gearing mechanism is enclosed within the knee.
It is fastened to the column by dovetail ways.
The knee is supported and adjusted by a vertical positioning screw (elevating screw).
The elevating screw is used to adjust the knee up and down by raising or lowering the lever
either with the help of hand or power feed.
Saddle:
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3. It is placed between the table and the knee, and work as an intermediate part between
them.
Can moves transversally to the column face.
Slides over the guideways provided situated
on the knee which is perpendicular to the
column face.
The main function is to provide motion in a
horizontal direction to the workpiece.
It is also made by cast iron.
Up Milling Definition:
This is also called as conventional milling or Climb up milling.
In which the cutter and feed moves in the opposite direction i.e the rotary cutter moves
against the feed.
With reference
to the adjacent
figure, the cutter
rotates in the anti-clockwise direction, while the direction of feed is from right to left.
So, due to this opposite motion, the width of the cutting chips gradually increases from
minimum to maximum.
There is massive friction between the cutter and workpiece which results in generating a
large amount of heat.
Up Milling Advantages:
This is a safe operation because It has no tendency to drag the workpiece into the cutter.
Up Milling Application:
Generally used for milling of casting and forging.
Preparing for Competitive Exam? If Yes, then must go for this book:
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4. The most valuable and trusted Mechanical Objective book by R S Khurmi 5000+
Objective.
Down Milling Definition:
This is also called a Climb down milling.
In case of this milling, the cutter rotates in the same direction as that of the feed.
There is less friction involved between the cutter and the workpiece as both.
Therefore, the cutter
and feed are moving in
the same direction. This
small amount of friction results in the generation of minimum heat.
Here, the thickness of the chip varies from a maximum to minimum during the process.
Down Milling Advantages:
This machine poses a longer tool life.
This machine produces a good surface finish.
Down Milling Application:
This type of machine generally used for finishing the operation like sawing, grooving,
keyway cutting, etc.
Difference Between Up and Down Milling Machine:
Sl.
No
Up Milling Down Milling
1. This machine is also called as
conventional milling.
This is called a climb down milling.
2. The cutting forces act upward. The cutting forces act downward.
3. Mostly used for rough cutting
operations.
This is used for finishing operations.
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5. 4. Due to more tool wear rate, the
durability of the tool is less.
Due to less tool wear rate, the
durability of the tool is more.
5. Tool wear rate is more, as the
direction of the rotary cutter is
against the feed.
Tool wear rate is less, as the direction
of a cutter is the same direction as the
feed.
6. This process is mostly used in the
conventional way of cutting the
surface.
Nowadays, This is a better operation
choice then up milling machine.
Preparing for Competitive Exam? If Yes, then must go for this book:
The most valuable and trusted Mechanical Objective book by R S Khurmi 5000+
Objective.
7. Effective cooling is not required
during cutting action.
Effective cooling is possible during
cutting action.
8. The cutter rotates against the
direction of travel of the workpiece
during metal cutting.
The cutter rotates in the same
direction of travel of the workpiece
during metal cutting.
9. Poor surface finish. Good surface finish.
10. It requires a large amount of force
compared to down milling.
Here, there is a requirement of less
force.
11. This machine is mostly used cutting of
brass, bronze, and ferrous materials.
And whereas this is applicable to
aluminum and aluminum alloys.
12. Chip thickness starts at zero and
increases towards the end of the cut.
Chip thickness is maximum initially
and reduces to zero at the end of the
cut.
Up Milling and Down Milling PDF:
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