2. MODULE 2. UNFOLDING THE
BIOLOGICAL SELF
• This module focuses on two important
representations of the self: the physical and
sexual self. This specifically discusses the
characteristics and the factors that shape and
influence our physical attributes. Also, a thorough
discussion on sexual development and
characterization shall be tackled in this section.
3. UNIT 1.THE PHYSICAL DIMENSION OF
THE SELF
• This unit identifies and explains the
biological and environmental factors that
shape one’s physical self. It will also
delve into socio-cultural issues
associated with physical well-being.
4. UNIT 2.THE SEXUAL DIMENSION OF THE
SELF
• This unit will explain sexual characteristics,
attributes, and orientation of adolescents and
adults. Further, it will tackle gender identity,
sexual behavior and its consequences, and
managing sexual behavior.
5. OBJECTIVE
• At the end of this Unit, students are expected to demonstrate the
following:
• 1. Discuss and elaborate the concepts associated with heredity and
maturation.
• 2. Identify biological and environmental factors that shape the
physical self.
• 3. Analyze and evaluate issues associated with physical well-being.
6. DIAGNOSTICS
Learning Checkpoint Do you AGREE or DISAGREE?
The physical self goes through changes in one’s lifetime.
Our parents and relatives are the sole sources of our genetic make-
up.
Adolescents’ physical development vary.
There are relative standards in beauty
Each individual has a unique DNA.
8. THE PHYSICAL SELF: BIOLOGICAL
BLUEPRINT
Am I Beautiful/handsome?
Do people find me attractive?
What can I do to enhance my
feature?
9. • Body structure, height, weight, skin color,
hair color, and other physical characteristics
do not just develop at random; these are
triggered by genetic transformation and
biological development through heredity.
10. HEREDITY
• Heredity it's defined as the transmission of traits
from parents to offspring.
• The trades are made-up of specific information
embedded within one’s gene, the basic unit of
heredity.
11. • Genotype it refers information embedded within
one‘s gene; not all genotypes translate no one
observed physical characteristics.
• Phenotype it's the physical expression of a
particular trait.
12. • Dominant and recessive are dependent on alleles, which are
alternate version of a particular gene.
• Since human cells carry two copies of chromosomes, they have
two versions of each gene
• Each individual carries 23 pairs chromosome, which are
threadlike bodies in the nucleus of the cell end the storage unit
of genes.
13. • The 23rd pair, also known as the sex chromosomes, determines
the sex of an individual.
• The XY combination indicates a male and the XX combination
indicates a female.
• Within each chromosome it's the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA),
which is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions
specifying the biological development of every individual..
14. MATURATION
• Maturation is known as the completion of growth
of a genetic character within an organism or the
unfolding of an individual’s inherent traits or
potential.
16. FAMILY
• Family, being your first social group, forms a
crucial foundation of your development, including
that of your physical self. Referred to by many
social scientist as the nursery of human nature.
17. • As you grow older, you get exposed to a larger social
group with new practices and standards. As a result, you
may begin engaging in acts that would make you
attractive and acceptable to others (Social Conformity,
Social Norms, Social Standard).
18. • One aspect of physical beauty is a person’s body type.
Contemporary media has portrayed slim bodies as the
ideal body type for women and muscular bodies for men.
Thus, adolescents indulge in activities that would enable
them to achieve these ideal body types.
19. • However, some adolescents may resort to
unhealthy habits just to achieve the ideal body
type.
• It is important to remember that physical beauty is
only skin-deep; that what matters is feeling good
about oneself and embracing a healthy perception
of one’s physical worth.
21. HEALTHY EATING.
Following a healthy diet results in healthy skin, ideal weight, and
better stamina.
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22. EMBRACING A
HEALTHY
LIFESTYLE.
• Physical activities
such as walking,
running, going to
the gym, and
engaging in sports
also contribute to a
healthier body.
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23. MAINTAINING PROPER
HYGIENE.
Taking care of your body by consistently following a hygiene
regimen can also help you feel good about yourself.
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24. BEING CONFIDENT.
• Be secure in yourself, embrace a
positive outlook toward various situations
and problems, and love and accept who
you are.
26. THE BIOLOGY OF SEX
• At birth, the sexual genital (penis for male,
vagina for female) is a biological feature that
distinguishes males from females. Moreover,
during puberty, observable changes in the
human body also known as secondary sexual
characteristics begin.
27. • When physiological changes are triggered
within the adolescent’s reproductive system,
he or she is likely to experience sexual
urges, become more sensitive to sexual
stimuli, and feel sexual arousal.
28. • Humans are likely to engage in sexual
activities to satisfy sexual urges.
However, the kind of sexual activities
they engage in may vary.
29. • A person should be aware of his/her
sexuality and sexual attributes in order to
make responsible decisions. Adolescents
need to realize the importance of having
informed choices.
30. SEXUAL IDENTITY AND GENDER
ORIENTATION.
• Biological sex is one’s assignment
upon birth and is dependent on physical
feature. On the other hand, gender is an
identity that is learned and embraced by
individual.
31. • Gender roles refer to societal expectations of
how men and women should act. Everyone
has a basic idea of gender roles: men are
assumed to be strong and dominant while
women are perceived to be submissive and
demure
32. • Sexual identity and gender orientation
underlie one’s concept of self. A person
expresses his or her sexuality through
individuality; one’s belief and behavioral
lifestyle are based on his or her own
perceptions of sexuality.
33. THE CONSEQUENCES OF SEXUAL SELF.
• Sexual intercourse (copulation) is the
reproductive act in which the male organ (penis)
enters the female’s reproductive tract (vagina).
Adolescents couples who engage in sexual
intercourse are usually overwhelmed by the
sensations they feel during the act.
34. • However, if the woman is fertile during the time of intercourse, pregnancy is
likely to occur and it lasts approximately nine months before the birth of the
child. Having a child entails a big responsibility and should not merely be a
consequence of an impulsive moment. Physical risks to having an early
pregnancy may impact an adolescent’s development, including
miscarriage, emotional stress, and health risks to both mother and infant.
36. 1. Create a short video about your self evolution from being a child to adolescence.
2. Use pictures when telling your life story or anything as substitute if unavailable.
3. Use voice over when telling your story on how you evolved physically, mentally
and emotionally.
4. Be creative, make your video interesting and full of life by incorporating different
emotions and life experiences that help in molding yourself.
Editor's Notes
A crucial aspect of self is one’s physical features. People are often perceived initially by their physical features, including one’s face, bodily structure, height, weight, and fitness. However, more than the physical attributes a person possesses, people should also consider their physical competencies, their valuation of physical worth, and perception of beauty. In this unit, factors that shape one’s physical self, including biological and environmental factors, will be discussed. Toward the end, issues associated with physical health, hygiene, nutrition, standards of beauty, and other socio- cultural factors will be tackled.
Why do you think this questions matter when we are talking about our physical self?
These questions concerning the physical self, which embodies once appearance, what one sees in the mirror how are you and what's up triggers A person's first questions oh another.
However, the physical cell it’s not only limited what can be seen by the naked eye underneath the skin is the dynamic system of biological and chemical processes that contribute once physical features. Hey
The manifestation oh particular traits can be attributed the concepts oh genotype and phynotype.
Genotype can be determined True Blood testing while phenotype can be directly observed. To illustrate, imagine that a man who has fair skin and the woman who has brown skin produced a brown skinned meal of offspring. While you may assume that the newborn inherited only the skin color of his mom, a close examination of his genotype may review that he also got the gene for a fair skin from his dad.
This phenomenon can be attributed the concept of dominant and recessive genes.
The brown skin of the mother what's the dominant gene dad of his dad what's the recessive gene; thus, the former manifested in the child.
The DNA is considered the blueprint of life; thus, no two individuals have the same DNA.
Maturation enables people to walk, run, and talk. It also results in physical changes that are evident in the adolescent stage.
While genetic information determines the extent of your physical feature, it is NOT the only factor that influences the physical self. As you grow up, you are exposed to environmental influences that shape your physical self, including those from your social networks, societal expectations, and cultural practices.
They are responsible for how you take care of your body.
Nutrition ad sustenance was initially established by what was cooked in the home.
Practices on hygiene were first transmitted by your parents.
You become more conscious of your physical appearance.
As time goes on, you begin to take note of your height, weight, facial features, and other physical characteristics in comparison to your peers, especially during adolescence.
Let’s compare.
For girls, what do you usually do?
Choosing the right outfit, wearing the right make-up, and acting more feminine.
For Boys, what do you usually do?
You may have begin to have facial hair,
Learn how to shave,
Go the gym,
And do other similar activities.
There’s been a steady rise of teenagers who have eating disorder. These phenomenon could attribute to the obsession of being thin.
Cosmetic surgery
For males, the changes include the growth of facial and body hair, emergence of Adam’s apple, deepening of voice, muscle development.
For females, the onset of menstruation, and noticeable changes in the hips, breast, and skin underlie the sexual changes during this developmental stage.
Aside from the observable developments in males and females, the release of hormones (testosterone for men and estrogen for females) triggers physiological changes in the reproductive system.
Thus at this stage, males and females start to become capable of procreation: males start producing sperm while females begin producing eggs.
Arousal may be exhibited though penile erection in men and vaginal lubrication or wetness in women.
If sexual arousal is satisfied through sexual intercourse, orgasm would be reached.
During adolescence stage, it is common to watch and read pornographic material, engage in kissing and petting, and perform, masturbation, or the act of stimulating one’s genitals for sexual pleasure.
medical professionals have cited the health benefits of masturbation, including stress relief, better sleep, improved self-esteem, and enhance body image.
It is a better alternative to sexual intercourse, which may result in pregnancy and acquiring sexually transmitted diseases.
The most alarming sexually transmitted disease is the acquired immune deficiency
syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It can be
transmitted by contact between broken skin, wounds, or mucous membranes and HIV-
infected blood or blood-contaminated body fluids.
