1. FUNDAMENTALS OF PLANT BREEDING
3(2+1)
EMASCULATION AND POLLINATION
TECHNIQUES IN REDGRAM
BY TO
BASKAR S Dr.DHIVYAPRIYA D
BATCH-’A’ Asst.Prof.
CB.AG.U4AGR19018 19GPB201
2. RED GRAM
DESCRIPTION
Common name : Pigeon pea
Family : Fabaceae
Scientific name : Cajanus cajan
Chromosome number : 2n=22
FLORAL DESCRIPTION
Bisexual and self pollinated flower
(closer proximity & simultaneous
maturity of stigma and anther).
But, natural cross pollination also
often takes place by insects (honey
bees).
4. EMASCULATION & POLLINATION
Emasculation is a artificial hybridization technique in
which anthers or stamens are removed from one plant and
pollens are collected from other desirable plant and then
pollination (dusting of collected pollen) should be done.
HAND EMASCULATION
Select one or two days latter opened large flower.
Remove the petals and anthers or stamens from female
parent by using forceps.
5. POLLEN COLLECTION
Remove the corolla and collect pollen from the male
parent (bud) before anthesis.
Pollen viability
VIABLE IN BUD REFRIGIRATOR
Temperature 25-28˚C 10˚C
Relative humidity 50% 37%
Time 42hrs 11 days
6. POLLINATION
Pollinate the pollen on stigma of emasculated flower by
using brush.
Pollination should be done immediately after emasculation.
Bag the pollinated flower to prevent out crossing and tag it
for identification.
7. POD DEVELOPMENT
A week after pollination the pods become visible.
STAGES DAYS
complete their development 15-20 days
seed attains physiological maturity 30-35 days
ready for harvest 40 days
Maintenance of records
Female parent
Male parent
Date of emasculation and pollination
Number of buds emasculated and pollinated
Number of buds with pod formation (after a week)
Number of pods matured and harvested.
8. POLLINATION SUCCESS
Flowers fertilized (%) = (No. of pod harvested x 100)/
No. of buds pollinated
HARVESTING AND STORAGE
Seed is harvested at physiological maturity 30-35 days
after pollination. It should be dried to a low moisture
content (about 6%) and stored in fully labelled containers
indicating parentage , season, and year of crossing.