a presentation of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD, most common neurobehavioral disorders of childhood. It is usually first diagnosed in childhood and often lasts into adulthood. Children with ADHD have trouble paying attention, controlling impulsive behaviors (may act without thinking about what the result will be), and in some cases, are overly active.

1. NEURODEVELOPMENTAL LEARNING
DISORDERS: ADHD
• 25 August 2021
• Mr Bafana Tebele (undergraduate)
Bachelor of Education (University of Johannesburg)
Teaching Studies 3B

3. BRIEF
HISTORY OF
ADHD
• EARLY 1900'S: Symptoms of encephalitis
and brain trauma, immoral behavior,
lawlessness, and aggressivenesspost 1950s
– a greater understanding, with the
realization that excessive activity and
restlessness, as well as other symptoms
diagnosed by the DSM, are all signs of
ADD (1980)The current consensus is that
there are two aspects, with symptoms
arising from both Inattention and
Hyperactivity and impulsivity

4. Why should
you know
about ADHD?
• Why Is It So Important to Be Aware of ADHD? Based on
published reports and census data from 2010, it is
estimated that over 10 million persons in the United States
have ADHD.1 ADHD is also one of the most frequent
pediatric conditions. 2 Despite this, there is a great deal of
inaccurate and misleading information regarding the
illness on the internet and in the media. There are also
people with ADHD who have never been diagnosed yet
have problems that are directly related to the symptoms.
most notably in a country like South
Africa with a near failing education
system and a high failure rate, it is very
important that such information is known
to avoid labeling learners as disrespectful,
disruptive and rude whereas they have a
condition.

5. Self
introspection.
a) What would you do if your child
was diagnosed with ADHD?
b) How would you know they have
ADHD?
c) What would you expect a teacher
to do?
• If you were a teacher would you assist a
learner with ADHD? And How?

6. What is ADHD?
• A condition of inattention
and/or hyperactivity-
impulsivity that persists.
Excessive motor activity is
referred to as hyperactivity,
while impulsivity refers to
activities taken without
deliberation and with a
significant risk of harm.
Social intrusiveness can be a
symptom of impulsive
behavior.

7. PREVALENCE OF
ADHDADHD ?
• affects approximately 5% of
children and 2.5 percent of
adults in most
countries.Males are two
times as likely than females
to have it. Females are more
prone than males to have
inattentive characteristics.

8. ADHD
the picture is Yellow, Red, Blue (1925) by
Kandinsky
• How does the picture on the side
make you feel?
• The mind of a person with ADHD
can be depicted as such because it
is abstract, always active, hyper,
restless and impulsive.
• Their world is ruled by Dopamine,
a motivation chemical in the mind
which becomes active whenever
were engaged in activity we like,
to them it is uncontrolled

9. ADHD Causes
the picture is Yellow, Red, Blue (1925) by
Kandinsky
• Anatomy and function of the brain. ADHD may be linked to reduced
levels of activity (dopamine) in the areas of the brain that control
attention and activity level.Heredity and genes. ADHD is very common
in families. A child with ADHD has a one-in-four risk of having an
ADHD parent. Another close family member, such as a brother, is also
prone to suffer from ADHD. In certain circumstances, severe head
injuries might result in ADHD.ADHD is more likely to develop in
children who are born prematurelyPrenatal exposures to substances like
alcohol or nicotine from cigarettes raise the likelihood of developing
ADHD.Toxins in the environment can cause ADHD in very uncommon
circumstances.

10. ADHD “SYMPTOMS”
the picture is Yellow, Red, Blue (1925) by
Kandinsky
• “Hyperactivity and
impulsiveness
• being unable to sit still, especially
in calm or quiet surroundings.
• constantly fidgeting.
• being unable to concentrate on
tasks.
• excessive physical movement.
• excessive talking.
• being unable to wait their turn.
• acting without thinking.
• interrupting conversations.”
• According to the DSM-5

11. TREATMENT
MEDICATION
THERAPHY
DIET
MODIFICATION
SCHOOL
INTERVENTION

12. Daily life with ADHD
• According to research, at least
one child in a school of 30 will
have ADHD.For many children,
high energy levels and short
attention spans are natural parts
of growing up, but for those with
ADHD, hyperactivity and
inattentiveness are excessive and
impair daily functioning.ADHD
can affect a child's academic
performance as well as his or her
ability to build and sustain social
(peer) relationships.ADHD might
make a youngster more likely to
drop out of school or have
behavioral issues.

13. FOOD FOR
THOUGHT
ADHD can be used as a
superpower if you use it properly
and find ways to manage it, it can
help one achieve ones’ dreams
using the focus superpowers it
comes with, LOL.
Any questions and clarifications,
send them through to my email
ghosttebele@gmail.com

14. Thank you very
much for your
time

15. REFERENCES
• Hepburn, J. (2016) NEURODEVELOPMENTAL DISORDERS: Psychopathology and Diagnosis.
Accessed on https://www.slideshare.net/JamesHepburn/neurodevelopmental-disorders-
66569861
• Alex, C. (2014) DSM-5 overview. Accessed on https://www.slideshare.net/cijoalex/dsm-5-
41986351
• Setlhare-Kajee, R. (2019) Addressing Neurodevelopmental Learning Needs 1B, lecture notes.
University of Johannesburg.
• Collison-Ris, K. (2015) Learning Disorders. Accessed on
https://www.slideshare.net/kimmercollisonris/learning-disorders-44976209
• Moon, P. (2015) Learning Disorders. https://www.slideshare.net/NeurologyKota/learning-
disorders-54029998