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1. A brief history of science and
technology
John Hepp
History 398, Spring 2007
History Department
Wilkes University

2. PMy scholarly interests
PThemes
PAncient technology
PAncient science
PThe rise of Western science
PThe Industrial Revolution
PThe rise of big science, big business, big government
Lecture overview
History of science and technology

3. PThe effects of economic and
technological change on
everyday life
PMy projects:
< Middle-class Philadelphia, 1876-
1926
< Modernity at the Centennial
Exposition, 1876
< Industrial images of Philadelphia
and Glasgow, 1800-1960
My scholarly interests
History of science and technology
© University of Pennsylvania Press

4. PHistorically, technology was more
important to everyday life than
science
PAs late as 1900, most inventions
were the result of practical need and
engineering, not scientific research
PScience moved from being an
academic profession to a practical
business around WWI
Themes
History of science and technology
Photo by John H. Hepp, V

5. PPrimitive man
< Tools
< Natural History Museum (Friday)
PEarly civilisation
< Farming
< The British Museum (Saturday)
PEgypt, Greece and Rome
< Engineering
< The British Museum (Saturday)
Ancient technology
History of science and technology

6. PGreece
< “Western science” built on philosophy and mathematics
< Leads to Roman, Byzantine and Islamic science
< British Museum (Saturday) & Science Museum (Tuesday)
PChina
< Advanced non-Western civilisation under state control
< British Museum (Saturday) & Science Museum (Tuesday)
PAmericas
< Astronomy
< Science Museum (Tuesday)
Ancient science
History of science and technology

7. PMedieval technology
< Mostly military
< London (Saturday) and York (Monday)
PThe Scientific Revolution
< Based in Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries
< Rise in literacy coupled with increased contacts with
other traditions
< New methods (experimentation)
< British Library (Sunday) & Science Museum (Tuesday)
The rise of Western science
History of science and technology
Photo by John H. Hepp, V

8. PEngland, 17th and 18th centuries
PTechnology brings about increased production
PIncreasingly science and technology become
interconnected
PSites: London and British Museum (Saturday),
National Maritime Museum (Sunday), National
Railway Museum (Monday), Imperial War
Museum and Science Museum (Tuesday)
The Industrial Revolution
History of science and technology

9. PGlobally, late-19th and 20th centuries
PThe rise of systems (like railways and
electricity)
PThe transfer of science from the academic
to the practical
PSites: London (Saturday), National Railway
Museum (Monday), Imperial War Museum
and Science Museum (Tuesday), BBC
(Wednesday), Abbey Road (Thursday)
The rise of big science, big business, big
government
History of science and technology
London Transport Museum

10. PThe meaning and importance of science has
changed over time
PAlthough most of the world today shares a largely
Western scientific tradition that dates back to the
ancient Greeks, science has increasingly become a
practical art over the last one hundred years
Conclusion
History of science and technology

11. A brief history of science and
technology
John Hepp
History 398, Spring 2007
History Department
Wilkes University