For my advance studies

1. History of Physical
Education
Now and Then

2. THE BEGINNING OF PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
Johann Bernhard Basedow
1723-1790
∗First to recognize the importance of exercise
∗Required a specific uniform for his students to
allow unrestricted movement
∗Offered a camp for 2 months during the
summer for the children
∗Was known as a difficult man to work with
For More Information go to
www.bookrags.com/Johann_Berhard_Basedow

3. A Teacher Is Born
Charles Beck
1798-1866
⋆Friend and follower of Jahn
⋆Was hired to teach Latin and Physical
Education in the form of German gymnastics
⋆Became the first official Physical
Education teacher in America

4. Promoting Physical Education
Diocletian (Dio) Lewis
1823-1866
♣ Did more to promote physical education
than any other single individual
♣ Wanted the feeble, old, fat, frail and
women to have a system they could use
♣ Opened the Normal Institute of Physical
Education in Boston
♣ Invented bean bags and wooden dumbells
♣ Also used music to enhance his exercises
For More Information go to:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diocletian_Lewi
s

5. Dudley Allen Sargent
1840-1924
☺ Invented over 80 machines, using pulleys &
weights
☺ Contributed to anthropometric measurements
- He took these measurements and compared them
with standards at a given age, whereupon a series of
prescribed exercises was given to meet the demands
of each particular case
The Exercise Machine

6. Games and Activities
from 1900-20s
School Time Games
Midnight
Roll Ball
Puss in the Circle
Spider
Huntsman
Brownies and Fairies
Frog in the Sea
The Lost Child
Run for Your Supper
Crows and Cranes

7. Rules
Formation – Two lines of players, the
same number in each line, back to
back and about one yard apart
The Game – One line is designated as
the crows, the other cranes. If the
teacher calls out “cranes” the cranes
will turn and chase them. Those
tagged go over to the other side.
Should the teacher call, “crows the
play is reversed. The side having the
greatest number of players at the end
of the playing times wins.
Crows and Cranes

8. Word Origins
Do you ever wonder where some of
the words we use in physical
education come from?
Exercise – From the Latin words
“ex” & “arcere,” to restrain.
Gymnasium – From the Greek word
“gumnasion” or “gumnazein”
meaning to exercise naked.
Kinesiology – From the Greek words
“kinesis” movement .
Physical Education – From the Latin
words “physica,” physics and
“educatio.”
Physiology – From the Greek words
“phusio,” nature and ology for
branch of learning.
Flexibility – From the Latin word
“flexus”, to bend.

9. Physical Education Comes
to America
◉ 1820s Some American schools integrated P.E. into
their curriculum
◉ After the Civil War, many states required that
schools teach physical education
◉ For the first time, specialized training was offered
for physical education instructors
◉ In another first, colleges offered intercollegiate
sports such as rowing, football, and track and field
◉ The Olympic Games were restored in 1896, after a
1,400-year interlude

10. The Changing Face of
Physical Education
Old PE Looks Like
This
Large groups, limited equipment
Athletes are leaders
Skill related
Teacher directed
Emphasis on competition
Grades based on attendance, dress,
skill, level, fitness scores
New PE Looks Like
This
Small groups; adequate equipment
for active participation
All students have opportunities for
success
Health related
Teacher as coach/guide
Emphasis on cooperation
Grades based on
self-improvement, self-evaluation;
peer assessment, skill rubrics

11. What Constitutes a Quality Physical
Education Program?
- Should Include the Following Three
Things
⊛ Opportunities for students to learn (time,
equipment)
⊛ Meaningful Content (variety,
understanding)
⊛ Appropriate Instruction (inclusion,
practice, assessment)
-Importance at each level:
www.aahperd.org/naspe/pdf_files/pos_pap
er/pe_critical.pdf

12. A PURPOSE IS SERVED
The purpose of physical education is for all
students
♦ To learn and develop fundamental movement skills
♦ To become physically fit to participate regularly in
physical activity
♦ To know the implications of and the benefits from
involvement in physical activities
♦ To appreciate the value of physical activity and its
contributions to a healthy lifestyle

13. Facts About Physical Activity
• The percentage of overweight children has
more than doubled since the early 1970s.
• Physical inactivity and poor diet account for an
estimated 300,000 deaths per year.
Inactive children are more likely to become
inactive adults.
• The cost of overweight and obesity to the U.S.
economy is $117 billion annually in direct and
indirect medical costs.
Tips to getting fit
http://archieves.ob-us.com/obs/english/books/pg/get
fit.htm

14. IMPORTANCE
Why is Physical Education So Important?
Here's Why ...
☼ Reduced Risk of Heart Failure
☼Improved Physical Fitness
☼ Weight Reduction
☼ Good Health Promotion
☼ Self Discipline
☼ Skill Development
☼ Improved Self - Confidence
☼ Stress Reduction
☼ Increase Their Love of School and ☼ ☼
Performance in Academics
☼ Development of Lifetime Skills and
Activities

15. What to Wear?
Most schools require students to change into athletic
clothes of their own while others require a uniform.
Uniform Consist of
White t-shirt
Shorts in the school color
A change of shoes
Uniforms can vary depending
on the school.

16. A Quote to Remember
Physical fitness is not only one of the most
important keys to a healthy
body, it is the basis of dynamic and creative
intellectual activity. The
relationship between the soundness of the
body and the activities of the
mind is subtle and complex. Much is not yet
understood. But we do know what
the Greeks knew: that intelligence and skill
can only function at the peak
of their capacity when the body is healthy
and strong."
- President John Fitzgerald Kennedy

17. References
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Education
http://www.mikespe.com/physed_june_2004.html
http://images.google.com