Industrial training from KSTPS, Kota

1. PRESENTATION ON
KOTA SUPER THERMAL POWER STATION
Poornima Institute Of Engineering &
Technology
GUIDED BY :-
K.R. PRAJAPAT( Dy. HOD)
ARPIT KHANDELWAL(Asst. Prof.)
SUBMITTED BY :-
APOORVA SHARMA
PIET/EE/13/009
VII Semester
Electrical Engg.

2. CONTENTS
O Introduction of power plant
O General layout & Basic Idea
O Coal Handling Plant
O Ash Handling Plant & ESP
O Boiler
O Steam Turbine
O Turbo Generator
O Water Treatment Plant
O Control Room & Switchgear
O Transformer & Switchyard
O Protection
O Salient Features of KSTPS
O Conclusion
O References

3. INTRODUCTION
O The Kota Thermal Power Station is ideally on the left bank of
Chambal River at Up Stream of Kota Barrage.
O Its first unit of capacity 110 MW is commissioned on 17 Jan 1983 and
last one on 2009.
O It is one of highest power generating plant with installed capacity
of 1240 MW.
Favorable conditions
 Availability of large amount of water.
 Location at broad gauge Delhi-Mumbai railway.
 Concentration of load.
 Constant water supply.
 Transmission and grid sub station are quit near.

4. INSTALLED CAPACITY & DESIGN
O The Kota Thermal Power Station is divided into four main circuits :
O KSTPS is designed in following stages...
Stage Unit
Number
Installed
Capacity (MW)
Date of
Commissioning
Status
Stage I 1 110 January 1983 Running
Stage I 2 110 July 1983 Running
Stage II 3 210 September 1988 Running
Stage II 4 210 May 1989 Running
Stage III 5 210 March 1994 Running
Stage IV 6 195 July 2003 Running
Stage V 7 195 May 2009 Running
 Fuel and Ash Circuit.
 Air and Gas Circuit.
 Feed water and Steam Circuit.
 Cooling Water Circuit.

5. Coal and Ash
plant
Air and gas
Feed water
Cooling
tower
GENERAL LAYOUT & BASIC IDEA

7. COAL HANDLING PLANT
O Type of coal – Bituminous
O Everyday 6 to 7 trains (having 58 wagons) of coal are unloaded at
KSTPS .
Sources of coal
•Indian coal – 90%
•GCV ~ 3500
•SECL (South Eastern Coalfields
Limited), NCL (Northern Coalfield
Limited)
•Imported coal – 10%
•GCV ~ 6500
•From Australia or South
Africa

8. GENERAL LAYOUT OF CHP

9. BOILER
O A boiler (or steam generator) is a closed vessel in which water, under
pressure is converted into steam.
O In KSTPS, Natural circulation, tangentially fired, over hanged type,
Water tube boilers are used.
O Oil burners are provided between coal burners for initial start up and
flame stabilization.

10. DESIGN OF BOILER
SPECIFICATIONS OF BOILER
O Type : Direct fired, natural
circulation
O Make : BHEL.
O Capacity. : 375 tonnes per hour.
O Steam Pressure. : 139 Kg./Cm2
O Efficiency : 86.6 %.
O No. of fans in service. -
a) ID fans. : 2 Nos.
b) FD fans. : 2 Nos.
c) PA fans. : 2 Nos.
O Steam Temperature : 540oC.
O No. of coal mills in : 3 Nos.
service.
O No. of soot blowers : 70 Nos.

11. BOILER SYSTEM
Boiler Drum
Its function is to separate water and steam from mixture of steam
& water generated in the furnace walls.

12. BOILER SYSTEM
Economizer
An Economizer extracts a part of heat from the flue gases and
uses it for heating the feed water before it enters into the
steam drum.

13. BOILER SYSTEM
Air Pre-heater
Air Pre heaters are employed to recover the heat from the flue
gases leaving the Economizer & are used to incoming air for
combustion.

14. BOILER SYSTEM
Super heater
A Super heater is a device which removes the last traces of
moisture from the saturated steam leaving the boiler tubes &
also increases the temperature .
 Super heater consists a group of tubes.

15. Air from
atmosphere
Super
heater
I.D.F.
furnace economizer Air preheater
F.D.F.
E.S.P.
BOILER SYSTEM - Draft System
& flow of flue gases
Stack

16. Boile
r
tubes
Boile
r
drum
Super
heaters &
reheater
economiser
condense
r
FWP
turbine
DM water plant
BOILER SYSTEM – Flow of Steam

17. water
wet ash
To coal mill
To furnace
PAFan
FD Fan
A
P
H
ESP
ID Fan
Boiler
ASH HANDLING
Dry Ash
FlyAsh
ASH HANDLING
PLANT
O The Ash from the boiler
is collected in two
forms:
(1.) Bottom Ash(Slurry):
It’s a waste which is
dumped into a Ash
Pond.
(2.) Fly Ash: Fly ash is
separated from flue
gases in ESP(Electro
Static Precipitator).
 Economizer: Reduces
the temperature.

18. ELECTRO-STATIC
PRECIPITATOR
Top fly ash, where the particle size vary from 0.75 microns to 100
micron use gradually use E.S.P. to purify the flue gases due to its
higher efficiency & low running cost etc.

19. Steam is
passed
Through nozzle
Steam now
falls on
Turbine blade
moves
the turbine
Steam Turbine is a machine in
which a shaft is rotated steadily
by impact or reaction of current
or stream of working
substances (Steam , Air, Water,
Gases) upon Blades of a wheel.
Parts of Turbine
A.) Nozzle
B.) Blade
C.) Rotor shaft
STEAM TURBINE

20. STEAM TURBINE
O Turbine system consists
1. HPT
2. IPT
3. LPT
O Regenerating Heating
System consists of
a) HP Heaters
b) LP Heaters
c) Deaerator
d) Condenser
e) CEP & BFP
f) CW System

21. STEAM TURBINE
Steam Flow in a turbine…
O Steam in H.P. Turbine : P = 140 kg/cm2
T = 540’C
O Steam in I.P. Turbine : P = 26 kg/cm2
T = 540’C
O Steam in L.P. Turbine : P = 7 kg/cm2
T = 270’C

22. TURBO GENERATOR
O Designed for continuous operation at the rated output.
O Directly coupled with steam turbine, rotated at high speed of 3000 RPM.
Major parts of stator are
1. Stator frame
2. Stator core
3. Stator bars
4. Stator windings
5. Ventilation system
6. Hydrogen coolers
Major parts of rotor are
1. Rotor frame
2. Rotor Windings

23. COOLING SYSTEM & EXCITATION
SYSTEM FOR ALTERNATOR
O Cooling System -
Hydrogen is used for cooling
medium primarily because of
its superior cooling properties
& low density.
O Excitation system -
1) Rectifier transformer.
2) Nos. of thyristor converters.
3) An automatic voltage
regulator (AVR).
4) Field suppression equipment.
5) Field flashing equipment.

24. WATER TREATMENT PLANT
RAW WATER
CLARIFLO
CULATOR
GRAVITY
FILTER
U/G
STORAGE
TANK
D.M.
PLANT
BOILER
MAKEUP
C.W.
MAKEUP
SOFTENIN
G PLANT
COOLING
WATER
DRINKING
WATER

25. WATER TREATMENT PLANT

26. CONTROL ROOM
FAN CONTROL
DESK
TURBINE DESK
FUEL CONTROL
DESK
GENERATOR
CONTROL DESK
STEAM
PRESSURE &
CONTROL DESK

27. TRANSFORMER
O Transformer is a static device which is used to change the voltage
level keeping the power & frequency same.
O There are about 83 transformers installed at various places in plant
to operate the auxiliaries.
Types of Installed Transformer
(1.) Generator Transformer A - Steps up
(16.5KV to 220KV)
(2.) Generator Transformer B - Steps up
(16.5KV to 400KV)
(3.) Unit Auxiliary Transformer - Steps
down (16.5KV to 6.9KV)
(4.) Station Service Transformer - Steps
down(6.9KV to 0.433KV)

28. TOTAL OUTGOING FEEDERS
PLACES NO. OF FEEDERS
Sanganer 1
Herapura 1
Modak gss 1
Power grid nawta 2
Byawar 2
Sakatpura gss 4

29. MAIN PARTS OF SWITCHYARD
O Bus Bar
O Bus Coupler
O Isolating switch
O Earthing Switch
O Lightning Arrester
O Current & Potential
Transformer (CT&PT)
O Circuit Breaker
O Capacitive Voltage
Transformer (CVT)
O Wave Trap
O Supporting Structures

30. PROTECTION
1. Field Protection
2. Pole Slipping
3. Plane Overload Protection
4. Inter-turn Fault
5. Negative Phase Sequence
Protection
6. Reverse Power Protection
7. Forward Power Protection
8. Under Frequency & Over
Frequency Protection
9. Generator Voltage Protection
10. Rotor Earth Fault Protection

31. CONCLUSION
O The first phase of practical training has proved to be quiet
fruitful. It provided an opportunity for encounter with such
huge machines like wagon tippler .110 MW, 210 MW & 195 MW
turbines and generators.
O The architecture of the power plant the way various units
are linked and the way working of whole plant is controlled
make the student realize that engineering is not just learning
the structured description and working of various machines,
but the greater part is of planning proper management.

32. REFERENCES
O http://www.mapsofindia.com/kota/industries/super-thermal-
power-plant.html
O http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermal_power_station
O www.geocities.com
O http://www.energymanagertraining.com/power_plants/Thermal
PowerPlants.htm
O www.rvunl.com