This document classifies and describes different types of bone tumors. It divides tumors into bone forming tumors, cartilage forming tumors, and bone marrow tumors. Bone forming tumors include benign tumors like osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, as well as malignant tumors like osteosarcoma. Cartilage forming tumors include benign osteochondroma and chondroma, as well as malignant chondrosarcoma. Bone marrow tumors discussed is the malignant Ewing sarcoma, which commonly affects children and young adults. Specific details are provided on characteristics, locations, patient demographics, histology and subtypes for each tumor classification.

1. Classification of bone tumors
Prepaired by:
1-Amin makhdoom
Twitter:ameen_km

2. introduction
The Classification of bone tumors is based on
histological criteria & the diagnosis should based
on histopathological finding and presentations
Tumors affecting bone can be classified as:
1-bone forming tumors
2-cartilage forming tumors
3- bone marrow tumors

3. Benign group:
A- osteoma
B- osteoid osteoma
C- osteoblastoma
Malignant group:
A-osteosarcoma
Benign group :
Chondroma
Osteochondroma
Chondroblastoma
Fibroma
Malignant group:
Chondrosarcoma
Tumors of unknown origin:
Ewing sarcoma
Aneurysmal bone cyst
Giant cell tumors

4. Bone forming tumors:
These tumors produce unminralized osteoid or minrilized woven bone.
1- osteoid osteoma:
Benign tumor
Less than 2 cm
Most common in young men
50% of cases affecting femur or tibia
Arising in the cortex
Accompaned with nocturnal pain
Pain relieved by aspirin

5. 2-osteoblastoma:
• Larger than 2cm
• Arising in the posterior component
of vertebra
• Unresponsive pain to aspirin
• Treatment is by excision
• Malignant transfornation is rare

6. 3-Osteosarcoma:
• malignant tumor that produces osteoid matrix
or minriliazed woven bone
• Most common primary bone tumor following
myeloma and lymphoma
• Male > female
• Arising in metaphysis of long bones of
extrimities

7. Cont.
• It is characteristic by having bimodels:
• 1- 75 % in indiviuals younger than 20
• 2- 25 % in elderly people with(paget
disease, bone fractures,previous
radiation)

8. 4-osteoma :
• Is a benign tumor characterized by a proliferation
of either compact or spongy bones .
• Favored sites: gead &neck
• Male>female
• Common types:
• 1-compact osteoma
• 2-cancellous osteoma
• 3-central osteoma

9. Cartilage forming tumors:
• Benign tumor that exhibits a cartilage gap
• The tumor is attached by a bony stalk
• 85 % of cases are solitary: diagnosed in late
adulscence and early adulthood
• 15 % is part of exostosis syndrom: diagnosed
during childhood
• Male > female by 3 times
1-osteochondroma

10. Cont.
It develops in bones of endochondral origin
Arising in metaphysis espicially around KNEE
Patient usually appeared with:
Slow growing mass
Bowed underlying bones
With rarely progression to malignant

11. 2- chondroma:
• Benign tumor of hyaline cartilage ocurr in
bones of endochondral origin.
• Appear as solitary in metaphyseal region
• Common sites:
• Short tubular bones of hands &feet
• Affecting age in between 20-50

12. Cont.
• It has 2 subtypes:-
• If arrising in medullary cavity, it is called :
• Enchondroma
• If arising in bone surface, it is called:
• juxtacortical chondroma
• Most cases detected as incidental finding
• On X-ray, it shows noduls of artilage

13. 2- chondrosarcoma:
• Malignant tumor that is sub classified into :
1-Conventional
2-Dedifferentiated
3-Clear cell
4-mesenchymal
90 % of cases are conventional
Clear cells &mesenchymal occur in children

14. Cont.
• Affecting age over 40
• Male >female by 2 times
• Arising in axial skeleton (pelvis + shoulders+ ribs )
• Rare involvement of distal extrimites.
• It develops from multiple osteochondroma

15. Bone marrow tumors
• Malignant tumor composed of primptive
round cell with various degree in
neuroectodermal differentiation
• It constitue 10% of primary malignant bone
tumors
• second most common bone scroma in
children
• 80% of cases are younger than 20
Ewing sarcoma