This presentation is done by Cellester Kaye B. Bartolome as one of her projects on ITALIAN REGIONS in her Italian 11 class (AY 2013-2014) at the University of the Philippines under Prof. Emanuela Adesini.

1. SARDINIA
Prepared By: Cellester Kaye B. Bartolome
January ,2013
Italian 11

2. FAST FACTS
• The Italian name for Sardinia is Sardegna, pronounced sar|DEHN|ya.
• Sardinia’s capital city is Cagliari, pronounced KAHL|yah|ree.
• Sardinia is one of Italy’s five autonomous regions.
• There’s one UNESCO World Heritage Site listing on Sardinia –
the ruins of 2nd century B.C.E. structures called “nuraghi.”
• People from Sardinia are called sardi (masc. pl.). Other variations are:
sardo (masc. sing.), sarda (fem. sing.), and sarde (fem. pl.).
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3. GEOGRAPHY
• Sardinia - second largest island in the
Mediterranean Sea
• The nearest land masses are (clockwise from
north) the island of Corsica, the Italian Peninsula,
Sicily, Tunisia and the Balearic Islands.
• To the west of Sardinia is the Sea of Sardinia, a
unit of the Mediterranean Sea; to Sardinia's east is
the Tyrrhenian Sea, which is also an element of the
Mediterranean Sea.
• The coasts of Sardinia (1,849 km long) are
generally high and rocky, with long, relatively
straight stretches of coastline, many outstanding
headlands, a few wide, deep bays, rias, many inlets
and with various smaller islands off the coast. 3

4. WEATHER AND CLIMATE
• has an ancient geoformation and, unlike Sicily and
the mainland of Italy, is not earthquake-prone.
• The island has a typical Mediterranean climate.
Average temperature is between (52 to 63 F).
• During the year there are approximately 135 days of sunshine,
with a major concentration of rainfall in the winter and autumn,
some heavy showers in the spring and snowfalls in the highlands
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5. NURAGIC CIVILIZATION
• From about 1500 BC onwards, villages were built around
the round tower-fortresses called “nuraghi”, which were
often reinforced and enlarged with battlements. The boundaries
of tribal territories were guarded by smaller lookout nuraghi
erected on strategic hills commanding a view of other territories.
• The Nuragic civilization was linked with other contemporaneous
megalithic civilization of the western Mediterranean such
as the Talaiotic culture of the Balearic islands and the
Torrean civilization of southern Corsica.
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6. MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
• The primary sector is focused on goat and sheep rearing, based mainly on
production of milk and cheeses, protected by designation of origin, like
the Pecorino Sardo and the Pecorino Romano.
• Agriculture was modernized under fascism and immediately
after the Second World War, mainly in the Campidano and Nurra
plain, where were realised important works of land reclamation.
There is little fishing (and no real maritime tradition), but the
once prosperous mining industry is still active though
restricted to coal (Carbonia, Bacu Abis), antimony (Villasalto),
gold (Furtei), bauxite (Olmedo) and lead and zinc (Iglesiente, Nurra).
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7. MEANS OF LIVELIHOOD
• The granite extraction represents one of the most flourishing industries
in the northern part of the island. The Gallura granite district is
composed of 260 companies that work in 60 quarries, where 75% of
the Italian granite is extracted.
• The cork district, in the northern part of the Gallura region, around
Calangianus and Tempio Pausania, is composed of 130 companies and
has become the driver of Sardinian economic development. Every year
in Sardinia 200,000 quintals of cork are carved, and 40% of the end
products are exported. Fishing along the coasts is also an important
activity on the island. Portoscuso tunas are exported worldwide, but
primarily to Japan.
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8. CUISINE
• Rock lobster, scampi, bottarga, squid, tuna, sardines and
other seafood figure in Sardinian cuisine, though meat,
dairy products, grains and vegetables constitute the most
basic elements of the traditional diet.
• Suckling pig and wild boar are roasted on the spit or
boiled in stews of beans and vegetables, thickened with bread.
Herbs such as mint and myrtle are used. Much Sardinian
bread is made dry, which keeps longer than high-moisture breads.
Those are baked as well, including civraxiu, coccoi pinatus,
a highly decorative bread and pistoccu made with flour and water only,
originally meant for herders, but often served at home with
tomatoes, basil, oregano, garlic and a strong cheese.
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9. HIGHEST CONSUMPTION
OF BEER
• Sardinia boasts the highest consumption of beer per capita in
Italy, 60 liters per person, that is double if compared with the
national average.
• The discovery of jars containing hops, in some archeological
archaeological sites, evidence that beer was produced since the
copper age.
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10. LANGUAGE
• Alongside Italian (Italiano), the official language
throughout Italy, Sardinian (Sardu) is the most widely spoken
language on the island. Sardinian is a distinct branch of
the Romance language family, and not an Italian dialect.
• Influenced by Catalan, Spanish and indigenous Nuragic elements with
some roots from Phoenician. While it has been significantly supplanted
by Italian for official purposes, in 2006 the regional administration has
approved the use of Limba Sarda Comuna in official documents.
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11. MUSIC
• Sardinia is home to one of the oldest forms of vocal polyphony, generally
known as cantu a tenore. In 2005, Unesco classed the canto a tenore among
intangible world heritage.
• Several famous musicians have found it irresistible, including Frank Zappa,
Ornette Coleman, and Peter Gabriel. The latter travelled to the town of Bitti
in the central mountainous region and recorded the now world-famous
Tenores di Bitti CD on his Real World label. The guttural sounds produced in
this form make a remarkable sound, similar to Tuvan throat singing. Another
polyphonic style of singing, more like the Corsican paghjella and liturgic in
nature, is found in Sardinia and is known as cantu a cuncordu.
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12. THEATER
• Sardinian culture is alive and well, and young people are actively involved
in their own music and dancing. In 2004, BBC presenter Andy Kershaw
travelled to the island with Sardinian music specialist Pablo Farba and
interviewed many artists. His programme can be heard on BBC Radio 3.
Sardinia has produced a number of notable jazz musicians such as
Antonello Salis, Marcello Melis, and Paolo Fresu.
• The main opera houses of the island are the Teatro Lirico in Cagliari and
the Teatro Verdi in Sassari (soon to be replaced by the new Teatro
Auditorium Comunale).
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13. Goffredo Mameli - an Italian patriot, poet, and
writer was a notable figure in the Italian
Risorgimento. He is also the author of the
lyrics of the current Italian national anthem .
Antonio Segni - was an Italian politician who was
the 35th Prime Minister of Italy (1955–1957,
1959–1960), and the 4th President of the Italian
Republic from 1962 to 1964. Adhering to the
centrist Democrazia Cristiana – DC party, he was
the first Sardinian ever to become Prime Minister
of Italy.
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14. Francesco Cossiga - was an Italian politician,
the 43rd Prime Minister and the 8th President of the
Italian Republic. He was also a professor
of constitutional law at the University of Sassari.
Cossiga was born in Sassari in the north
of Sardinia. He started his political career during
World War II.
Antonio Gramsci - was an Italian
writer, politician, political theorist, sociologist, and
linguist. He was a founding member and onetime
leader of the Communist Party of Italy and was
imprisoned by Benito Mussolini’s Fascist regime.
Gramsci was one of the most important Marxist
thinkers in the 20th century.
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15. Paola Antonelli - born in Sassari is a
senior curator in the Department of
Architecture and Design at the Museum of
Modern Art, New York City. She was
recently rated as one of the top one
hundred most powerful people in the world
of art by Art Review.
Elisabetta Canalis is an Italian actress.
appeared on the 13th season of Dancing
with the Stars. In 2011, she is, for Vanity
Fair, the 4th woman most beautiful in the
world. She has been also on 2010 the 7th
most beautiful woman for Maxim and in
top 50 for DT Spain magazine.

16. ATTRACTION SITES
Cagliari
Sardinia’s capital and largest city, city’s Sardinian name means “castle,”
entire historic area known as “Castello” district, 13km of beach
along the sea, home to several beautiful gardens/city parks,
cathedrals, and palaces
Cagliari is a tourist city, and especially in summer a lot of clubs
and pubs are goals for youth and tourists, pubs and night-clubs
are concentrated in the Corso Vittorio Emanuele II,
narrow street in Stampace district, Marina district,
near to the port and Castello district, as for clubs they are mostly
on the Poetto beach (in summer), or in Viale Marconi (in winter).
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23. Sassari –
• Second-largest city in Sardinia,
• has a rich art history,
• home to oldest university
in Sardinia
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25. • Alghero
• Small city on northwest coast,
• near many “nuraghi” ruins,
• home to many churches and Neptune’s Grotto (stalactite cave)
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29. Maddalena Archipelago
• Small group of islands off the northeast coast of Sardinia, between
Sardinia and Corsica.
• It consists of seven main islands and numerous other small islets.
• largest island is Isola Maddalena, includes a national park that was short-listed
for a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2006
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34. -End-