Brief Introduction to Animal Cell Culture

2. o Animal cell cultureisplaying avital rolein thevariousmodern researches.
o Recent developments in the field of biotechnology and molecular biology have
given variousnew dimensionsto thistechnology.
o It has provided a new tool for the better understanding of diagnosis and
molecular biology in many areaslikebacterial, viral and parasitic diseases.

4. o The primary impetus for the development of cell culture was to
study, under the microscope, normal physiological events of cells.
o Haberlandt (1902) stated that the in vitro-culture techniques for
plants primarily to facilitate basic physiological research.
o Ross Granville Harrison (1907) developed a culture to study the
development of nerve fibers using Frog as a source.
o Alexis Carriel (1912) used tissue and embryo extracts as culture
media to keep the fragments of chick embryo heart alive.
o Mammalian cell cultures can be a suitable alternative for the use of
whole animal tests to establish the potential toxicity of compounds.
HeLa (Henrietta Lacks) cells
one of the earliest human cell lines cultured
by George Otto Gey to create
an immortal cell line for medical research.

6. Fibroblastic
Endothelial
Epithelial
Neuronal
70-80% confluence 100% confluence

7. Primary culture
Secondary culture
Sub-culture
Sub-culture
Immortalization
Successive sub-culture
Single cell
Isolation
Clonal cell line
Senescence
Transformed
cell lineImmortalised cell line
Loss of control
of cell growth

8. Tissue engineered Skin
Tissue engineered bone
Blood-Contacting Devices
Recombinant VaccinesMonoclonal
Antibodies
Artificial Organs
 In 1949, Enders discovered that the poliomyelitis virus could be grown from primary
monkey cells in culture.
 The polio vaccine, produced in 1954, was the first human vaccine to be produced using
large-scale cell culture techniques.
 Proteins extracted from biological sources have been important for the substitution
therapy since the 1920s when Best and Banting used insulin to treat diabetes.