Energy can exist in many forms including kinetic, potential, mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical, sound, light, and nuclear. Energy is the ability to do work and can be quantified in joules. It can be transferred from one object or system to another, or converted from one form to another. Common examples of energy conversions include food being broken down into chemical and thermal energy during digestion, light energy being converted to chemical energy during photosynthesis, and electrical energy being transformed into light and sound energy by devices like alarm clocks.

1. Energy

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What is Energy?
 Energy: is the ability to do work
 -expressed in joules
 Energy efficiency – the amount of useful
energy after a conversion – the more
efficient the more energy that can be
used
 Ex: shape of car, shape of plane, houses,
windows

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9 Types of Energy
1. Kinetic Energy is
energy in motion.

4.  Greater the mass of moving
object, greater its kinetic energy
 Faster something is moving, more
kinetic energy it has
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Types of Energy
2. Potential Energy is energy
that is stored
Gravitational Potential Energy is
energy an object has because
of its gravity

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Types of Energy

7. 3. Mechanical Energy
 Total energy of motion and position
of an object
 Kinds of mechanical energy:
potential energy and kinetic energy
 Ex: waterfall, running, wind
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Other Forms of Energy
5. Thermal Energy:
the kinetic energy
due to motion of
particles that
make up the
object (faster the
particles move
the greater the
thermal energy)
Ex. steam

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Other Forms of Energy
2. CHEMICAL
ENERGY:
change in
atom
arrangement
Ex) food
digesting

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Other Forms of Energy
3. ELECTRICAL
ENERGY:
moving
electrons
Ex) amplifier,
electrical
devices

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Other Forms of Energy
4. SOUND
ENERGY:
object’s
vibrations
Ex) guitar strings

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Other Forms of Energy
5. LIGHT ENERGY
(electromagnetic):
vibrations from
electrically
charged particles
Ex) Rainbow
Northern lights
photosynthesis

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Other Forms of Energy
6. NUCLEAR
ENERGY:
energy from
changes in the
nucleus
Ex) fusion
Sun, radiation

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18.  Energy Conversions
 -change from one form of
energy to another (sometimes
more than one)
 1) eating breakfast: kinetic
energy chemical energy,
thermal energy
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19.  2) photosynthesis: light
energy  chemical energy
 3) alarm clock: electrical
energy  light energy, sound
energy
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20.  4) light bulb: electrical energy
 light energy. Thermal
energy
 5) hair dryer: electrical energy
 thermal energy, sound
energy, kinetic energy
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