This presentation is based on building construction layout.

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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
LAYOUT
Department of Civil Engineering

2. 2CONTENTS
Introduction
Site Layout Design
Principles of Planning
Temporary Bench Mark (TBM)
Baseline
Horizontal Controls
Vertical Controls
Building Layout
Trenches
Reduced Level
Framed Building
External Resources

3. 3INTRODUCTION
The term planning of building by an engineer is used to mean the arrangements of all
the units of a building on floors and at all levels and it not only includes the
horizontal layout but also it takes into consideration the height and level to
accommodate the space enclosed by walls,floors and roofs. During building
planning, it is important to keep in mind the general purpose of the building. Each
type of building has its own requirement to suit its purpose in the best possible
manner. There should be proper thinking on the functional or utility aspect of
building. Main consideration of planning are:
Human habitation and their requirements
Climatic condition and effects
Bye-laws for planning and construction
Comfort, Safety, Economy

4. 4SITE LAYOUT DESIGN
Site layout planning is an important task that involves identification of the
temporary facilities which will be needed to support construction
operations.
Site layout planning is about determining the shape and size of TFs.
Proper site layout planning will improve site safety for work force and
public.

5. 5SITE LAYOUT DESIGN
Management must appropriate position all the temporary facilities within
the boundaries of construction sites.
Proper plan for TFs is vital for reducing hazards and accidents on
construction sites.
Proper plan for TFs is vital for increasing site productivity .
To determine the needed TFs on site in any time interval needs a proper
planning.

6. 6PRINCIPLES OF PLANNING
Privacy
Aspect
Prospect
Grouping
Roomminess
Furniture Requirements
Circulations
Sanitation
Economy
Flexibility

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ASPECT
• Aspect refers to the planned arrangements of the doors and windows of
external walls to get sunlight breeze a good view of the scenery outside.

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PROSPECT
 A Building is said to have prospect when it presents a good and pleasing
appearance when seen from outside. It is used to mean the external view as
certain room of the buildings.
 Exterior wall painting and window should be provided in an attractive
manner. Projected windows permit more light and air inside the rooms.

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For residental building and planning privacy is important is important
considerations.
For more privacy centre door location should be avoided.
GROUPING
Grouping refer to be easy communication and utility of various rooms.
Kitchen and dining room should be close to each other.
Storeroom should be adjacent to kitchen.
Kitchen and toilet black not exposed to drawing room.
PRIVACY

11. 11ROOMMINESS
• Roomminess refer to an arrangement of getting the maximum advantage
forms the minimum or limited dimensions of room.
• Small room should have low ceiling height .
FURNITURE REQUIREMENT
• During building planning the size of furniture to be required for functional
utility of the rooms should be considered.

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CIRCULATION
Circulation refer to provided throuph passage between rooms in building.
It is necessary to permit horizontal circulation throuph passage, corridors
lobbies and ramps in building.
LIGHTING
Natural and artificial lighting is provided in building planning by proper
ventilation sunlight.
 Can give good lighting.

13. 13ORIENTATION OF BUILDING
The settings of plan of building on it sites with reference to the directions
is known as orientation.
The long walls of the buildings should be placed towards north and south.
The short walls should be placed towards east and west.
SELECTION OF SITE
The selection of the site has an important bearing on the planning as well
as designing a building.
A building has to be planned depending on the location and the geometry
of the site.

14. 14SOME CONSTRUCTION LAYOUT PICTURES

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17. VIDEO 17

18. 18
TEMPORARY BENCH MARK (TBM)
.• The TBM is a fixed point on a
site to which all levels are
related and should be established
at an early stage. Where possible
the TBM should relate to an
ordnance bench mark. On the
site it could relate to any
permanent fixture such as a
manhole cover or firmly driven
post.

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BASELINE
• Typically the first layout task is
establishing a baseline to which all the
setting out can be related. The baseline is
a straight reference line in respect to
which the building corner are located on
the ground. It often coincides with the
building line which is the boundary of
the area, or the other boundary of a road
or curb often demarcated by the local
authority

20. 20HORIZONTAL CONTROLS
• These are the points that have
known coordinates with respect
to a specific point. Other points
such as layout corners can then
be located. Plenty of control
points should be used so that
each point of the plan can be
precisely located on the ground.

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VERTICAL CONTROLS
• These enable design points to be positioned
at their correct levels.The verical control
points are established relative to specified
vertical datum ofter a timber post set in
concrete.
• Horizontal and vertical controls are
generally established during the levelling
phase using a theodolite or similar
instrument. For more information, see
surveying instruments.

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LAYOUT OF BUILDING
Types of Residental Buildings
Detached building
Semi detached building
Low rise or high rise building
Types of Industrial Buildings
Canteen
Clock Room
Drinking water
Entrance
Parking
Sanitary Block

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LAYOUT OF RESIDENTAL BUILDING
SEMI DETACHED BUILDING HIGH RISE BUILDING

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DETACHED BUILDING ROW HOUSE BUILDING

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INDUSTRIAL PLAN FACTORY LAYOUT

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TRENCHES
• A trench is a type of excavation
or depression in the ground that is
generally deeper than it is wide
(as opposed to a wider gully,
or ditch), and narrow compared
with its length (as opposed to a
simple hole).

27. 27REDUCED LEVEL
• Reduced Level in surveying refers to
equating elevations of survey points
with reference to a common assumed
datum. It is a vertical distance
between survey point and adopted
datum plane. Thus it is considered as
the base elevation which is used as
reference to reckon heights or depths
of other important places.

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• Framing, in construction, is the fitting
together of pieces to give a structure support
and shape. Framing materials are
usually wood, engineered wood, or structural
steel. The alternative to framed construction is
generally called mass wall construction,
where horizontal layers of stacked materials
such as log building, masonry, rammed
earth, adobe, etc. are used without framing
FRAMED BUILDING

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