Modular construction involves prefabricating building components at a factory and transporting them to the construction site. It offers advantages over conventional construction like cost savings of up to 35%, speedier installation, less waste of materials, and reusability/relocatability of components. Modular coordination is an important concept in modular construction that standardizes dimensions and positioning of building elements in relation to basic modular units for efficiency and industrialization.

1. MODULAR
CONSTRUCTION
Submitted to Submitted by
Ar.Nitin mahajan Kiran jeet kaur
Building construction 1346451, 9th
sem.

2. MODULAR CONSTRUCTION
Modular vs. Standard Construction (Conventional)
A modular building is a pre-engineered structure that is flexible enough to satisfy
virtually any requirement... tougher than standard drywall
construction, expandable, can be relocated and completely re-usable.
One obvious advantage that modular construction has over conventional
construction is cost. Not only can one save up to 35% on the initial construction
costs like labor and materials, but there are other
benefits as well.
With increasing industrialization to the building industry, steadily larger parts of
buildings are made up of prefabricated components, delivered to the building site
from the factories.
Evidently, some sort of dimensional coordination of these component themselves
and with the design are of paramount importance.
The full benefit of the industrialization is impossible without standardization. No
effective standardization is possible in the building industry, without dimensional
coordination.

3. • Modular coordination is a concept of coordination of dimension and space in
which buildings and components are dimensioned and positioned in terms of
basic unit or module.
• It is internationally accepted by the International Standard Organization and
many other countries including Malaysia.
WHAT IS MODULAR COORDINATION
• A module: a basic dimension
which could for example
form the basis of a planning
grid in terms of multiples
and submultiples of standard
module.
• Provide guide to building
component sizing: this can
reduce as much as possible
the needs to further trim
and shape the materials to fit
together in construction;
thus, reducing wastage of
labor and material.

4. THE MODULE DEVELOPED HAS THE
FOLLOWING CHARACTERISTICS
Industrialization friendly i.e. able to cater
for manufacturing, transportation and
assembly requirements.
Small enough in term of size in order to
provide the necessary flexibility in design.
Large enough to promote simplification of
the number of sizes for various
components.
Internationally accepted to ensure that it
can be mass produced to cater for global
market.
Ergonomic i.e. able to improve people
efficiency by providing adequate space for
human livings and working conditions.

5. It provides a practical and coherent: method
for coordinating- the position and dimension of
elements, components and spaces in the
planning and design of buildings.
To improve productivity in the building industry
through industrialization. MC can facilitate the
achievement of industrialization.
Provide guide to building component sizing:
this can reduce as much as possible the needs
to further trim and shape the materials to fit
together in construction; thus, reducing wastage
of labour and material.
Mass production of building components
factories: thus, ensuring good and consistent of
workmanship and quality.
WHY MODULAR CONSTRUCTION ?
To permit standardization, which
encourages the use of standardized building
components for the construction of different
types of building; to simplify site operation by
rationalizing setting out, positioning and
assembling of building components at the
site.
To ensure dimensional coordination
between installation (equipment, storage
units, other fitted furniture etc) as well as with
the rest of the building.
To encourage open systems: the
interchangeability of components, whatever
their material, form or method of manufacture

6. Aim and Basics of Modular Coordination
AIMS
• To achieve dimensional compatibility between building dimensions, span, or
spaces and the sizes of components or equipment by using related modular
dimensions.
• Making the planning simpler & clearer by distinct indication of location of the
building component in the building, both in respect to each other & a modular
grid.
• Simplification of site work.
• Limiting the member of sizes of building component so that the linkage is based
on modular measurement.
• Facilitating cooperation between designers, manufacturers, suppliers & builders.
• Providing practical and logical construction methods for the coordination of the
position & dimension of elements, components & spaces in a building design,
which will contribute to
first - increased design freedom.
second - improve balance between quality and cost of the manufacturing
the component.
• Creating a basis for rationalization of both general & special building drawings for
modular building components & assembling details.

7. BASICS OFMODULE
• The basic module is known as 1M which is equivalent to 100mm.
1M = 100mm
There are three type of MODULE :-
(I) Basic Module (II) Multi Module (III) Sub Module
Basic Module
• It is the fundamental unit of size in modular coordination and for general
application to building & components .The size of basic Module is taken as
100mm denoted by “M”
It is considered to be large enough to effect some variety reduction in range of
component size and is small enough to provide a flexible unit of measurement
for the purpose of design.
Multi Module
• Certain whole multiples of basic module usually expressed in as “M” with
numeric prefix as 2M , 3M, 4M etc are referred to as multi module.
Sub Module
Certain submultiples of basic module which are whole simple fractions shall be
chosen when absolutely necessary for an increment smaller than the basic
module. For practical considerations, this sub modular increment shall be
expressed as “M” with fractional prefix as
1/5M, 1/4M, 1/3M,etc

8. MODULAR REFERENCE SYSTEM
• The term modular reference systems is
the three dimensional system of
orthogonal space coordinates within the
positions and sizes of components,
elements and installations can be related
by references to points, lines, or planes.
• A system of points, lines and planes
grids.
• Used mainly during planning / design
stage.

9. CONTROLLING REFERENCE SYSTEM
• Reference planes can be identified which locate the main vertical and horizontal
elements of construction, e.g. floor, walls, and columns.
• Horizontal Controlling dimensions • Vertical Controlling dimensions
Traditionally, modular theory has
distinguished between boundary planning
and axial planning. In practice, however,
such a clear-cut distinction may not exist
In the vertical section that modular
floor plane is the reference plane from
which modular dimensions are taken.

10. POSITIONING OF COMPONENTS AND SPACE
(a) Boundary reference (b) Axial reference
(c) Interaxial reference (d) Flush reference
• Boundary reference
• coordinates the position of the building
components.
• determines the nominal size of
components.
• placement of component within two
Parallel modular Coordinating grids or
planes so that it fills the space`
• Axial reference
• coordinates the position of a
components by placing the
component so that the middleaxis
coincides with a modular
coordinating grid

11. • Interaxial reference
• coordinates the position
and dimension of
building component by
a reference.
• Flush reference
• coordinates the position of
components by placing one
surface of the component flush
on to a modular coordinating
grid or plane

12. POSITIONING OF BUILDING
COMPONENTS
• Designing with components
must be conceptualized early in design
stage.Bearing on choice of planning grids and
approaches.
• Structural components
Columns
Beams
Floor slabs
Walls
Staircases and lift cores
• Non structural components
Cladding
Partition
Doors
Windows
• Finishes
Ceiling finishes
Floor finishes
Wall finishes

13. • Non-monolithic 3-D components
• components are dimensioned
within the horizontal and vertical
planning modular increments.
• The load bearing and self bearing
parts if any, are on the outside of the
modular planes.
• Columns
• basic dimensions –
3M / multiples of 3M.
• dimensions fit into modular grid
planning structural grid.
• dimensions are for finished
dimensions.

14. • Beams
• Beam depth are in the increments of M
• floor zone with false ceiling
- beams accommodated in floor zone
- beams depth only affect services, not
walls / partition below
• floor zone without false
ceiling
- distance between base
of beam and floor slab must
be modular to accommodate
the components below.

15. • Walls
• precast load bearing walls
• length of walls determined by planning
grid
• dimensions - finished wall dimensions
• in cases wall do not fill the whole wall
zone, where structure allows, wall
should be lined with one side of the
zone to minimize number of adaptation
pieces.
• Door
• dimensions - for door sets
• controlling spaces be preferred
dimensions – to
allow the doors be fitted without undue
adjustments (adaptation pieces fitted in
walls or
partitions)

16. • Windows
• dimensions - for window sets
• sill reference plane may coincide with
floor reference plane.
• window head reference plane may
coincide with ceiling reference plane.
• Lift Cores
• external dimensions
be modular to relate
to other elements
• more than one lift -
whole assembly is
treated as a single
element.

17. REASONS TO CHOOSE MODULAR
CONSTRUCTION OVER CONVENTIONAL
CONSTRUCTION
FEATURE ADVANTAGES BENEFITS
Pre-Engineered
Ease of Coordination
Appearance
Speedy Installation
No Mess
Low Maintenance
Durability
Adaptability
Sound Resistance
Accelerated depreciation
No need for an engg/architect.
Ability to supply single source installation through
factory-trained distributor network.
Attractive integrated systems manufactured to your
exact.
Fewer disruptions to plant operations
No need to seal off areas against dust.
Pre-finished walls require little maintenance beyond
occasional surface cleaning.
Reinforced cavity & tough quality facings decrease
chances of damage.
Quickly & easily relocatable,expandable & reusable.
Fire & Sound panels provide superior sound
deadening.
Depreciation is over 7 years vs. 31- 1/2 years for
conventional construction.
No hidden design costs.
Buying is simple with local support &
assistance.
Consistent high quality in both appearance
& design.
Maintains plant productivity during building
installation.
Eliminates additional labor costs &
minimizes plant disruption.
Eliminates costly painting & other
maintenance & repairs.
Long lasting product will perform for years
without deterioration.
Provides maximum flexibility to meet your
company's needs.
Noise level reduction produces a more
productive work environment.
Quicker return on investment.