Pathology of Drug Abuse

1. PATHOLOGY OF
DRUG ABUSE
By :AdnanHailat

2. INTRODUCTION
Definition:
Habitual and harmful use of
psychoactive substances.
Involves intricate interactions
between pharmacological
effects and physiological
responses

3. INTRODUCTION
Commonly Abused Substances:
Opioids: Respiratory depression, sedation,
addiction.
Stimulants: Cardiovascular issues,
paranoia, addiction.
Depressants: Central nervous system
depression, impaired coordination.
Hallucinogens: Altered perception and
mood.
Cannabis: Impaired memory, coordination.

4. Impact on the Central Nervous
System:
Drug abuse detrimentally impacts
the central nervous system, causing
disturbances in neurotransmission,
cognitive impairment, mood
disorders, and potential
neurodegeneration. The negative
consequences include an elevated
risk of addiction, psychiatric
disorders, and structural brain
changes, underscoring the severe
and multifaceted impact on
neurological health.

5. Impact on Cardiovascular
system :
Stimulant drug abuse, notably
cocaine, poses serious
cardiovascular risks, increasing
blood pressure, heart attack
susceptibility, and causing
heart damage. Chronic abuse
leads to infectious
complications, atherosclerosis,
and peripheral vascular
disease, necessitating prompt
intervention for health
preservation

6. Impact on
Respiratory System :
Opioids cause respiratory
depression and overdose risk,
stimulants result in respiratory
issues from smoking, and
depressants induce respiratory
depression. Hallucinogens have
minimal direct impact, while
cannabis causes respiratory
issues when smoked.

7. Hepatic and Renal Impact:
Hepatotoxic substances, like alcohol
and certain drugs, contribute to liver
damage, while nephrotoxic drugs can
impair kidney function. Chronic
abuse heightens the risk of cirrhosis,
liver failure, and kidney disease,
emphasizing the importance of
addressing substance misuse for
overall organ health.

8. Gastrointestinal Consequences:
Long-term use of NSAIDs and
excessive alcohol can cause stomach
problems like inflammation, ulcers,
and bleeding. Opioids commonly lead
to constipation. Using these
substances as prescribed and seeking
medical help for persistent issues is
crucial.

9. Psychiatric and Behavioral
Complications:
Substance misuse can contribute to
mood disorders, anxiety, psychosis, and
increased risk of suicide. Behavioral
consequences include impaired impulse
control and aggression.
Addressing substance abuse is essential
for managing these complex psychiatric
and behavioral challenges

10. Treatment and
Intervention:
Medical detoxification manages
withdrawal, therapeutic
interventions include
behavioral therapies,
medication-assisted treatment
supports recovery, and
community support involves
participation in support groups
and rehabilitation programs.

11. Drug abuse's impact extends beyond individual
health to societal and public health concerns.
Addressing the intricate interplay between drugs and
the body is crucial for effective prevention,
intervention, and treatment
CONCLUSION

12. Thanks for
listening!