microbiology tuberculosis presentation..
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•26 views
Tuberculosis is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs but can impact other parts of the body. It is a major problem in developing countries. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, fatigue, weight loss, and fever. TB is usually spread through close contact with an infected person and can be diagnosed through chest x-rays, sputum tests, and skin tests. Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics taken for several months, and adherence to the regimen is important to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Drug-resistant TB poses a challenge as it does not respond to standard antibiotics and requires more complex treatment. Preventing TB spread involves vaccination, treating latent infections,
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
How To Prevent Tuberculosis Symptoms Treatment and Vaccination.pdf
Preventing tuberculosis (TB) involves a multifaceted approach that includes vaccination, early detection, and appropriate treatment. Here's a detailed description of strategies to prevent TB symptoms, along with information on treatment and vaccination
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a contagious infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which usually affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when people with the active respiratory disease cough, sneeze or speak. Common symptoms include weakness, weight loss, fever, night sweats and cough. Diagnosis involves a medical history, physical exam, tuberculin skin test or blood test, chest x-ray and microbiological tests. Treatment requires multiple antibiotics taken for several months and directly observed therapy is recommended to prevent drug resistance and ensure adherence.
Tuberculosis
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB), including its causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment. Some key points:
- TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and kills over 1.6 million people worldwide each year. It is a major global health problem, especially in developing countries.
- Pulmonary TB affects the lungs and is the most common type. Extra-pulmonary TB can affect other organs. Diagnosis involves sputum smear, culture, chest x-ray, and tuberculin skin testing.
- Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Directly observed therapy is recommended to ensure patient adherence
9 tuberculosis tanweiping
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mainly affects the lungs, but can spread to other organs. It is transmitted through airborne droplets when infected people cough, sneeze or speak.
- China has the second largest tuberculosis epidemic in the world after India, with over 1.3 million new cases reported each year. Risk factors include poverty, malnutrition, HIV infection, and living/working conditions like overcrowding.
- Tuberculosis infection can either remain latent or progress to active disease. Diagnosis involves tuberculin skin tests, chest x-rays, sputum smears, and culture tests. Standard treatment uses a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid and
Tuberculosis 2.pptx
1. Tuberculosis is caused by inhaling Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which usually implant in the lungs. The immune system tries to contain the infection by surrounding it with immune cells.
2. Symptoms of active TB infection include fatigue, weight loss, fever, cough and night sweats. Diagnosis involves tests of sputum, chest x-rays, and Mantoux skin tests.
3. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen over 6-9 months using DOTS (directly observed therapy), to ensure complete treatment and prevent drug resistance. Nursing care focuses on promoting airway clearance, medication adherence, activity, nutrition, and preventing spread.
Tuberculosis ppt
Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Major risk factors include close contact with an active case, immunocompromised status, and living in crowded conditions. TB progresses through primary, latent, and active stages. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen administered under direct observation for 6-12 months. Complications may include spread to other organs. Nursing care focuses on airway clearance, treatment adherence, nutrition, and preventing spread.
Recommended
How To Prevent Tuberculosis Symptoms Treatment and Vaccination.pdf
Preventing tuberculosis (TB) involves a multifaceted approach that includes vaccination, early detection, and appropriate treatment. Here's a detailed description of strategies to prevent TB symptoms, along with information on treatment and vaccination
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a contagious infection caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which usually affects the lungs. It spreads through the air when people with the active respiratory disease cough, sneeze or speak. Common symptoms include weakness, weight loss, fever, night sweats and cough. Diagnosis involves a medical history, physical exam, tuberculin skin test or blood test, chest x-ray and microbiological tests. Treatment requires multiple antibiotics taken for several months and directly observed therapy is recommended to prevent drug resistance and ensure adherence.
Tuberculosis
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB), including its causes, types, diagnosis, and treatment. Some key points:
- TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and kills over 1.6 million people worldwide each year. It is a major global health problem, especially in developing countries.
- Pulmonary TB affects the lungs and is the most common type. Extra-pulmonary TB can affect other organs. Diagnosis involves sputum smear, culture, chest x-ray, and tuberculin skin testing.
- Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Directly observed therapy is recommended to ensure patient adherence
9 tuberculosis tanweiping
- Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and mainly affects the lungs, but can spread to other organs. It is transmitted through airborne droplets when infected people cough, sneeze or speak.
- China has the second largest tuberculosis epidemic in the world after India, with over 1.3 million new cases reported each year. Risk factors include poverty, malnutrition, HIV infection, and living/working conditions like overcrowding.
- Tuberculosis infection can either remain latent or progress to active disease. Diagnosis involves tuberculin skin tests, chest x-rays, sputum smears, and culture tests. Standard treatment uses a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid and
Tuberculosis 2.pptx
1. Tuberculosis is caused by inhaling Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which usually implant in the lungs. The immune system tries to contain the infection by surrounding it with immune cells.
2. Symptoms of active TB infection include fatigue, weight loss, fever, cough and night sweats. Diagnosis involves tests of sputum, chest x-rays, and Mantoux skin tests.
3. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen over 6-9 months using DOTS (directly observed therapy), to ensure complete treatment and prevent drug resistance. Nursing care focuses on promoting airway clearance, medication adherence, activity, nutrition, and preventing spread.
Tuberculosis ppt
Tuberculosis is a worldwide public health problem caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Major risk factors include close contact with an active case, immunocompromised status, and living in crowded conditions. TB progresses through primary, latent, and active stages. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen administered under direct observation for 6-12 months. Complications may include spread to other organs. Nursing care focuses on airway clearance, treatment adherence, nutrition, and preventing spread.
Sam higgimbottom institute of agriculture technology and sciences
This document discusses tuberculosis (TB) disease management. It defines disease management and lists conditions it covers, including TB. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which usually infect the lungs. Only 10% of latent TB infections progress to active disease without treatment. Symptoms include coughing, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves tests like chest x-rays, skin tests, and sputum analysis. Standard TB treatment follows the DOTS strategy and uses antibiotics like isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide for 6-8 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Side effects of the drugs can include liver problems and vision issues.
Anti TB drugs
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB), including:
- TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and commonly affects the lungs. It can spread through the air.
- Risk factors include HIV coinfection, poverty, and immunosuppression. Diagnosis involves sputum examination and skin testing.
- Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid and rifampin over 6-9 months to prevent drug resistance. Directly observed treatment is recommended to help patients complete therapy.
Pharmacotherapy of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is spread through airborne droplets. It most commonly affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Symptoms include cough, fever, night sweats and weight loss. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays and tuberculin skin tests. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem, especially in developing countries and among HIV-positive individuals.
Seminar file
The document discusses host-directed therapies (HDTs) for treating tuberculosis (TB). HDTs target host factors like cytokines and immune cell functions, rather than the TB pathogen itself. This approach is beneficial because current TB drugs have limitations and targeting host responses can reduce pathogen proliferation and hyper-inflammation. TB remains a significant global health problem, with about 9.2 million new cases estimated in 2006, especially in India. New and multi-drug resistant strains continue to emerge due to limitations of existing TB treatments.
Pathogenesis of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is the most prevalent communicable infectious disease on earth and remains out of control in many developing nations.
Tuberculosis
Intro to TB
epidemiology of TB
Structure of Mycobacterium TB
pathogenesis of TB
Immunosuppression by Mycobacterium TB
types of TB
Clinical manifestation
Diagnosis
Treatment
tuberculosis-150808111627-lva1-app6891.pptx
Tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It can spread through droplets in the air from coughing or sneezing. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, fatigue, and fever. TB is classified as pulmonary or extra-pulmonary depending on the affected area. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays, and the tuberculin skin test. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months. Preventive measures include BCG vaccination, isolation, and proper ventilation. Drug-resistant forms like MDR-TB and XDR-TB are major challenges. Co-infection with HIV increases the risks of TB infection and
tuberculosis .pptx
1. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and usually attacks the lungs. It spreads through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or speak.
2. The pathogenesis of TB begins when M. tuberculosis enters macrophages and avoids destruction by inhibiting phagolysosome fusion. This allows the bacteria to replicate within macrophages. The immune system eventually mounts a TH1 response to activate macrophages to contain the infection.
3. Primary TB develops in those exposed for the first time and causes the formation of granulomas in the lungs and lymph nodes. Without treatment, the infection can spread throughout the body and cause secondary pulmonary TB or miliary TB.
tuberculosis (2).pptx
1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis enters macrophages and replicates within phagosomes, inhibiting phagolysosome fusion.
2. A TH1 immune response is mounted after 3 weeks of infection to activate macrophages. IFN-γ is critical for macrophage activation.
3. Granulomatous inflammation forms caseating and non-caseating tubercles containing central necrosis, epithelioid cells, and lymphocytes. Tuberculosis may not elicit granulomas in immunosuppressed individuals.
med & soc ppt.pptx
The document discusses three communicable respiratory diseases: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and Tuberculosis (TB). ARIs are caused by viruses and bacteria that infect the upper and lower respiratory tract. SARS is a viral respiratory illness caused by the SARS coronavirus that emerged in 2002-2003. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. The document provides details on the characteristics, causes, symptoms, and treatments of each disease.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. It spreads through inhaling droplets from an infected person when they cough or sneeze. India has a high burden of TB cases, with 0.37 million people dying from the disease annually. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen administered under direct observation to prevent drug resistance, with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide given for 2 months followed by continued treatment for at least 4 more months. Nursing care focuses on monitoring for symptoms, ensuring treatment adherence to prevent spread, and managing nutrition to aid recovery.
tuberculosis D.Pharm.pptx
Tuberculosis is a contagious infection that mainly affects the lungs and is caused by various Mycobacterium species, most commonly M. tuberculosis. It can spread through close contact with infected individuals. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, weight loss, and fatigue. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays, and tuberculin skin tests. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen over several months. Preventive measures include BCG vaccination, isolation, and improved ventilation. Drug-resistant forms like MDR-TB and XDR-TB are increasing global problems, and co-infection with HIV increases the risks of TB infection and active disease.
Bio303 Lecture 2 Two Old Enemies, TB and Leprosy
In this lecture I will focusing on another of the most serious infectious threats to humanity, tuberculosis, outlining its evolutionary origins, impact on human health and wealth and the steps taken to control and treat this infection. I will also discuss a related mycobacterial infection, leprosy and recent progress in its control.
tuberculosiscompletednew-170308134731.pptx
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly infects the lungs. It can be treated with antibiotics. TB is spread through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While latent TB means the immune system has contained the infection and the person is not infectious, active TB means the person is sick and can spread the disease. Standard TB treatment involves a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol over a period of 6-9 months.
communicable disease topic for Nurses.pptx
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. It remains a significant global public health threat despite being preventable and curable. TB is transmitted through airborne droplets when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. Diagnosis involves tests like chest x-rays, sputum smear microscopy, and culture. Treatment requires a combination of antibiotics over at least six months under direct observation to prevent drug resistance. Preventive measures include vaccination, infection control, and addressing social determinants of health.
Tuberculosis overview
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly infects the lungs. It can be treated with a combination of anti-TB drugs. TB is spread through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While latent TB means the immune system has contained the infection, active TB means the person is sick and can spread the infection. Treatment involves a combination of first-line drugs like isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol over a period of 6-9 months.
What is tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease of the lungs that is spread through the air when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. It remains a major public health issue, especially in Bangladesh where it kills about 70,000 people annually. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, chest pain, fatigue, and night sweats. While TB usually affects the lungs, it can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics daily for 6-9 months under medical supervision. Preventive measures include vaccination, good nutrition, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding overcrowded living conditions.
Tuberculosis
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB). It discusses that TB infects around 9 million people and causes 1.5 million deaths annually, making it a major global health problem. Key topics covered include the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis; epidemiology of TB including increasing rates of drug-resistant and HIV-associated TB; risk factors; clinical presentation; diagnosis using smear microscopy, culture, radiography and other tests; treatment of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB; prevention through contact investigation and vaccination; and challenges to eliminating TB. The presentation emphasizes the continued burden of TB worldwide despite available diagnostic tools and treatments.
Tb
Robert Koch discovered the tuberculosis bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1882. TB remains a major global health problem, infecting one third of the world's population and causing millions of deaths each year, primarily in developing countries. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, tuberculin skin test, chest x-ray, and bacteriological confirmation through sputum smear and culture. Treatment requires long courses of multiple antibiotics to cure TB disease and prevent drug resistance, with directly observed therapy essential to ensure patient adherence and cure.
Tuberclosis pharmacotherapy
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem. The document discusses TB, including its epidemiology in Pakistan. It describes the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of active TB. TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Diagnosis involves sputum smear, culture and chest x-ray. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over 6-9 months using drugs like isoniazid and rifampin under direct observation. Drug resistant TB poses a challenge to effective treatment.
More Related Content
Similar to microbiology tuberculosis presentation..
Sam higgimbottom institute of agriculture technology and sciences
This document discusses tuberculosis (TB) disease management. It defines disease management and lists conditions it covers, including TB. TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria, which usually infect the lungs. Only 10% of latent TB infections progress to active disease without treatment. Symptoms include coughing, chest pain, and weight loss. Diagnosis involves tests like chest x-rays, skin tests, and sputum analysis. Standard TB treatment follows the DOTS strategy and uses antibiotics like isoniazid, rifampin and pyrazinamide for 6-8 months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Side effects of the drugs can include liver problems and vision issues.
Anti TB drugs
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB), including:
- TB is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and commonly affects the lungs. It can spread through the air.
- Risk factors include HIV coinfection, poverty, and immunosuppression. Diagnosis involves sputum examination and skin testing.
- Treatment involves a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid and rifampin over 6-9 months to prevent drug resistance. Directly observed treatment is recommended to help patients complete therapy.
Pharmacotherapy of Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and is spread through airborne droplets. It most commonly affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. Symptoms include cough, fever, night sweats and weight loss. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays and tuberculin skin tests. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months to cure the infection and prevent drug resistance. Tuberculosis remains a major global health problem, especially in developing countries and among HIV-positive individuals.
Seminar file
The document discusses host-directed therapies (HDTs) for treating tuberculosis (TB). HDTs target host factors like cytokines and immune cell functions, rather than the TB pathogen itself. This approach is beneficial because current TB drugs have limitations and targeting host responses can reduce pathogen proliferation and hyper-inflammation. TB remains a significant global health problem, with about 9.2 million new cases estimated in 2006, especially in India. New and multi-drug resistant strains continue to emerge due to limitations of existing TB treatments.
Pathogenesis of tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is the most prevalent communicable infectious disease on earth and remains out of control in many developing nations.
Tuberculosis
Intro to TB
epidemiology of TB
Structure of Mycobacterium TB
pathogenesis of TB
Immunosuppression by Mycobacterium TB
types of TB
Clinical manifestation
Diagnosis
Treatment
tuberculosis-150808111627-lva1-app6891.pptx
Tuberculosis is an infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that mainly affects the lungs. It can spread through droplets in the air from coughing or sneezing. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, fatigue, and fever. TB is classified as pulmonary or extra-pulmonary depending on the affected area. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays, and the tuberculin skin test. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over several months. Preventive measures include BCG vaccination, isolation, and proper ventilation. Drug-resistant forms like MDR-TB and XDR-TB are major challenges. Co-infection with HIV increases the risks of TB infection and
tuberculosis .pptx
1. Tuberculosis is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and usually attacks the lungs. It spreads through airborne droplets when people with active TB cough, sneeze or speak.
2. The pathogenesis of TB begins when M. tuberculosis enters macrophages and avoids destruction by inhibiting phagolysosome fusion. This allows the bacteria to replicate within macrophages. The immune system eventually mounts a TH1 response to activate macrophages to contain the infection.
3. Primary TB develops in those exposed for the first time and causes the formation of granulomas in the lungs and lymph nodes. Without treatment, the infection can spread throughout the body and cause secondary pulmonary TB or miliary TB.
tuberculosis (2).pptx
1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis enters macrophages and replicates within phagosomes, inhibiting phagolysosome fusion.
2. A TH1 immune response is mounted after 3 weeks of infection to activate macrophages. IFN-γ is critical for macrophage activation.
3. Granulomatous inflammation forms caseating and non-caseating tubercles containing central necrosis, epithelioid cells, and lymphocytes. Tuberculosis may not elicit granulomas in immunosuppressed individuals.
med & soc ppt.pptx
The document discusses three communicable respiratory diseases: Acute Respiratory Infections (ARI), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), and Tuberculosis (TB). ARIs are caused by viruses and bacteria that infect the upper and lower respiratory tract. SARS is a viral respiratory illness caused by the SARS coronavirus that emerged in 2002-2003. Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. The document provides details on the characteristics, causes, symptoms, and treatments of each disease.
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs. It spreads through inhaling droplets from an infected person when they cough or sneeze. India has a high burden of TB cases, with 0.37 million people dying from the disease annually. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen administered under direct observation to prevent drug resistance, with isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide given for 2 months followed by continued treatment for at least 4 more months. Nursing care focuses on monitoring for symptoms, ensuring treatment adherence to prevent spread, and managing nutrition to aid recovery.
tuberculosis D.Pharm.pptx
Tuberculosis is a contagious infection that mainly affects the lungs and is caused by various Mycobacterium species, most commonly M. tuberculosis. It can spread through close contact with infected individuals. Symptoms include persistent cough, chest pain, coughing up blood, weight loss, and fatigue. Diagnosis involves sputum tests, chest x-rays, and tuberculin skin tests. Treatment involves a multi-drug regimen over several months. Preventive measures include BCG vaccination, isolation, and improved ventilation. Drug-resistant forms like MDR-TB and XDR-TB are increasing global problems, and co-infection with HIV increases the risks of TB infection and active disease.
Bio303 Lecture 2 Two Old Enemies, TB and Leprosy
In this lecture I will focusing on another of the most serious infectious threats to humanity, tuberculosis, outlining its evolutionary origins, impact on human health and wealth and the steps taken to control and treat this infection. I will also discuss a related mycobacterial infection, leprosy and recent progress in its control.
tuberculosiscompletednew-170308134731.pptx
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly infects the lungs. It can be treated with antibiotics. TB is spread through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While latent TB means the immune system has contained the infection and the person is not infectious, active TB means the person is sick and can spread the disease. Standard TB treatment involves a combination of antibiotics like isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol over a period of 6-9 months.
communicable disease topic for Nurses.pptx
- Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that primarily affects the lungs but can spread to other organs. It remains a significant global public health threat despite being preventable and curable. TB is transmitted through airborne droplets when an infected individual coughs or sneezes. Diagnosis involves tests like chest x-rays, sputum smear microscopy, and culture. Treatment requires a combination of antibiotics over at least six months under direct observation to prevent drug resistance. Preventive measures include vaccination, infection control, and addressing social determinants of health.
Tuberculosis overview
Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that most commonly infects the lungs. It can be treated with a combination of anti-TB drugs. TB is spread through airborne droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. While latent TB means the immune system has contained the infection, active TB means the person is sick and can spread the infection. Treatment involves a combination of first-line drugs like isoniazid, rifampin and ethambutol over a period of 6-9 months.
What is tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a bacterial disease of the lungs that is spread through the air when people with active TB cough, sneeze or spit. It remains a major public health issue, especially in Bangladesh where it kills about 70,000 people annually. Common symptoms include persistent coughing, chest pain, fatigue, and night sweats. While TB usually affects the lungs, it can spread to other parts of the body if left untreated. Treatment requires taking multiple antibiotics daily for 6-9 months under medical supervision. Preventive measures include vaccination, good nutrition, covering coughs and sneezes, and avoiding overcrowded living conditions.
Tuberculosis
This document provides an overview of tuberculosis (TB). It discusses that TB infects around 9 million people and causes 1.5 million deaths annually, making it a major global health problem. Key topics covered include the causative agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis; epidemiology of TB including increasing rates of drug-resistant and HIV-associated TB; risk factors; clinical presentation; diagnosis using smear microscopy, culture, radiography and other tests; treatment of drug-sensitive and drug-resistant TB; prevention through contact investigation and vaccination; and challenges to eliminating TB. The presentation emphasizes the continued burden of TB worldwide despite available diagnostic tools and treatments.
Tb
Robert Koch discovered the tuberculosis bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1882. TB remains a major global health problem, infecting one third of the world's population and causing millions of deaths each year, primarily in developing countries. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical exam, tuberculin skin test, chest x-ray, and bacteriological confirmation through sputum smear and culture. Treatment requires long courses of multiple antibiotics to cure TB disease and prevent drug resistance, with directly observed therapy essential to ensure patient adherence and cure.
Tuberclosis pharmacotherapy
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health problem. The document discusses TB, including its epidemiology in Pakistan. It describes the etiology, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of active TB. TB is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Diagnosis involves sputum smear, culture and chest x-ray. Treatment requires a multi-drug regimen over 6-9 months using drugs like isoniazid and rifampin under direct observation. Drug resistant TB poses a challenge to effective treatment.
Similar to microbiology tuberculosis presentation.. (20)
Sam higgimbottom institute of agriculture technology and sciences
Sam higgimbottom institute of agriculture technology and sciences
More from AdnanHailat
the Lactose Intolerance deficiency .pptx
Lactose intolerance is caused by a deficiency of the enzyme lactase, which breaks down lactose in the small intestine. This leads to undigested lactose accumulating in the intestine and causing gas, bloating, diarrhea and abdominal discomfort. It occurs when dairy products like milk, cream, yogurt and cheese are consumed. It is diagnosed through clinical evaluation of symptoms and laboratory tests measuring lactose absorption. Management involves following a low-lactose diet with lactose-free dairy and obtaining calcium and vitamin D from non-dairy sources.
the Pathology of Drug Abuse biochemistry
Drug abuse has wide-ranging negative impacts on the body. It affects the central nervous system by disrupting neurotransmission and increasing risks of cognitive issues, mood disorders, and brain changes. Stimulant abuse like cocaine poses serious cardiovascular risks like increased blood pressure and heart attack susceptibility. Opioids cause respiratory depression and overdose risk. Substance abuse also impacts the liver, kidneys, stomach and intestines. It can contribute to mood disorders, anxiety, and psychosis as well. Effective treatment requires medical detoxification, therapeutic interventions, medication-assisted support, and community involvement to address substance abuse's complex effects on health.
Histology of tooth
The document discusses the anatomy of teeth. It states that teeth are composed of enamel, dentine, and pulp. The majority of the hard tissue in teeth is dentine, a specialized calcified tissue derived from mesenchyme. The dentine in the root is covered by cementum, another calcified tissue derived from mesenchyme. Teeth are connected to bone by the periodontal ligament, which embeds the tooth in the alveolar ridge.
Mitosis
Meiosis is a germ cell division process that results in the formation of gametes and ensures the diploid number of chromosomes is restored during fertilization. It consists of one round of DNA replication followed by two successive cell divisions. In the first meiotic division, homologous chromosomes pair up and separate, reducing the number of chromosomes by half to form two haploid cells. The second meiotic division then separates the chromatids, resulting in four haploid daughter cells each containing a single set of chromosomes. Meiosis produces genetic variation between generations and is essential for sexual reproduction.
Hemoglobin.pptx
Hemoglobin transports oxygen in the blood and its function is regulated through complex interactions between its subunits and small molecule effectors. It exists as an α2β2 tetramer, with each subunit containing an iron-containing heme group that can bind oxygen. The binding of oxygen or protons causes hemoglobin to shift conformations between relaxed (R) and tense (T) states. This allosteric transition, along with effects of 2,3-BPG and CO2 in tissues, allows hemoglobin to efficiently load and release oxygen in the lungs and peripheral tissues respectively. Mutations in hemoglobin can impair this function and cause diseases like sickle cell anemia.
existentialism-091212181547-phpapp02.pdf
This document discusses existentialism and its key philosophers. Existentialism emphasizes individual existence, personal freedom, and authentic choice. It holds that reality is subjective, truth is relative, and we learn through authentic choices. The main philosophers discussed are Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, and Sartre. Sartre argued that existence precedes essence, meaning we exist first and define our own essence through choices. An authentic life requires independently choosing our path and accepting responsibility for consequences.
media Manipulation.pptx
This document discusses fighting social media manipulation with machine learning. It defines various forms of digital manipulation like trolling, astroturfing, and impersonation. It also discusses how political groups and some countries have weaponized social media. The document then explains how machine learning can be applied to help detect deepfakes and other manipulated media through techniques like supervised and unsupervised learning. It concludes by thanking the reader.
Biochemistry lipids
This document discusses heterocyclic compounds and pyridine. Heterocyclic compounds contain rings composed of carbon and other heteroatoms like nitrogen, sulfur, or oxygen. Pyridine resembles benzene but has one CH unit replaced by nitrogen. This makes pyridine polar, miscible with water, and a weaker base than aliphatic amines. The document also summarizes properties of five-membered heterocycles like furan and pyrrole, and discusses lipids, fats, oils, and soaps.
Galvanic Cells Biochemestry.pptx
Galvanic cells are electrochemical cells that convert the chemical energy of spontaneous redox reactions into electrical energy. They contain an oxidation half-cell and a reduction half-cell separated by a salt bridge or porous membrane. In a galvanic cell, zinc metal oxidizes and loses electrons which flow through an external circuit to the copper ion reduction half-cell. The spontaneous electron flow produces an electric current useful for powering devices. Galvanic cells provide the foundation for generating spontaneous electric current from chemical reactions and are an important component of batteries used widely in modern technology.
Lung - Anatomy.pptx
The lungs are located in the chest cavity on either side of the heart. Their main functions are to extract oxygen from the air and transfer it into the bloodstream, and to release carbon dioxide from the bloodstream out of the body. The lungs are made up of epithelial cells that line the airways and produce mucus. They also contain other cell types. The left lung has two lobes while the right lung has three lobes to make room for the heart. Within the lungs are bronchioles and alveoli where gas exchange takes place through diffusion between the air and blood.
More from AdnanHailat (14)
Recently uploaded
Advanced Java[Extra Concepts, Not Difficult].docx
This is part 2 of my Java Learning Journey. This contains Hashing, ArrayList, LinkedList, Date and Time Classes, Calendar Class and more.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...National Information Standards Organization (NISO)
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
PCOS corelations and management through Ayurveda.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
CACJapan - GROUP Presentation 1- Wk 4.pdf
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)Academy of Science of South Africa
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
Top five deadliest dog breeds in America
Thinking of getting a dog? Be aware that breeds like Pit Bulls, Rottweilers, and German Shepherds can be loyal and dangerous. Proper training and socialization are crucial to preventing aggressive behaviors. Ensure safety by understanding their needs and always supervising interactions. Stay safe, and enjoy your furry friends!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in Education
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS Template 2023-2024 by: Irene S. Rueco
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdRecently uploaded (20)
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold Method
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
বাংলাদেশ অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা (Economic Review) ২০২৪ UJS App.pdf
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
RPMS TEMPLATE FOR SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024 FOR TEACHER 1 TO TEACHER 3
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
microbiology tuberculosis presentation..
- 1. Tuberculosis By : Adnan Hailat
- 2. Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly contagious bacterial infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It primarily affects the lungs but can also impact other parts of the body. And it’s a major problem in developing countries .
- 3. Understanding TB Symptoms TB symptoms can include persistent cough,chest pain, fatigue,weight loss, and fever.It's crucial to recognize these signs for early intervention and management of the disease.
- 4. Where does it come from? Closed contact with someone having active tuberculosis infection HIV infection Cancer and organ transplant surgery Diabetic mellitus Chronic renal Failure
- 6. Diagnosing TB Accurate diagnosis of TB involves chest X-rays, sputum tests, and skin tests like the Mantoux test.Early detection is vital to prevent the spread of the disease.
- 7. Treatment Approaches Tuberculosis treatment typically involves a combination of antibiotics, such as isoniazid, rifampin, and ethambutol, taken for several months. Adherence to the prescribed regimen is vital to ensure complete eradication of the infection and prevent drug resistance..
- 8. Drug-Resistant TB The emergence of drug- resistant TB poses a significant challenge. Drug-resistant tuberculosis occurs when the bacteria no longer respond to standard antibiotics. requiring more prolonged and complex drug regimens. Prevention involves strict adherence to medication schedules and global efforts to curb antibiotic misuse
- 9. Preventing TB Spread Preventing tuberculosis involves vaccination (BCG), identifying and treating latent infections, and ensuring proper ventilation in crowded settings. Public health measures, education, and early detection contribute to controlling the spread, fostering a comprehensive approach to tuberculosis prevention
- 10. Global Impact of TB TB continues to have a profound impact on global health, particularly in developing countries.Addressing TB requires international collaboration, increased funding, and sustained research efforts.
- 11. Thanks!