this is the presentation on the android software stack which includes all the levels of the software stacks.

1. ANDROID SOFTWARE STACK
Arjun S B

2. Content
■ Android Software Stack
■ Linux Kernel
■ Libraries
■ Android Runtime
■ Application Framework
■ Applications

3. Android Software Stack
■ Android OS consist of different layers of software.
■ Each layer groups several programs.
■ Each programs has its own service to provide.
■ Android architecture is a form of the software stack which consist of the
four layers.
■ Android consist of a Linux kernel and collection of C, C++ libraries.
■ These services exposed from the application framework.

4. Android Software Stack

5. ■ Android was created on the open source kernel of Linux.
■ It is the heart of the Android architecture that exist at the root of the android
architecture.
■ It is responsible for device drivers, power management, memory
management, device management and resource access.
Linux Kernel

6. ■ Security
– Linux kernel handle the security between the application and the system.
■ Memory Management
– Providing the freedom to develop our apps.
■ Process Management
– It manage the process well, allocates resources to processes whenever they need.
■ Network Stack
– It handle the network communication.
Linux Kernel

7. Libraries
■ Running on the top of the kernel.
■ It was developed with various features.
■ It consist of various C/C++ libraries with numerous of open source tools.
■ Some of the open source tools are,
– The Android Runtime, Open GL, WebKit, Media Framework, Secure
Socket Layer (SSL), etc.,

8. Libraries
■ The Android Runtime
– It consist of core libraries of Java and ART
■ Open GL (Graphics Library)
– Cross language, cross-platform Application Program Interface (API) is used to
produce 2D, 3D computer graphics.
■ WebKit
– This is a open source web browser engine.
– It provide all the functionality to display web content and to simplify page
loading.

9. Libraries
■ Media Framework
– These libraries allow us to play audio, video and record audio, videos.
■ Secure Socket Layer (SSL)
– These libraries are there for internet security.

10. ■ Android runtime layer is a subset or part of the libraries layer.
■ It is the third section of the architecture.
■ It provide one of the key components which is called Dalvik VM.
■ It is act as a JVM which is specially designed for Android.
■ It consumes less memory and provides fast performance.
Android Runtime

11. Application Framework
■ The application framework layer provides many high-level services to
application in the form of the Java.
■ Android framework includes the following key services.

12. Application Framework
■ Activity Manager
– Control all aspects of the application lifecycle.
– Control all the activity stack.

13. Application Framework
■ Content Provider
– Allow applications to push and share the data with other application.

14. Application Framework
■ Resource Manager
– It provide access to non-code embedded resources such as strings,
color setting and user interface layouts.

15. Application Framework
■ Notification Manager
– Allow application to display alert to the user.
– Allow application to display notification to the user

16. Application Framework
■ Location Manager
– Provide access to the location services allowing an application to
receive an updates about location changes..

17. Applications
■ Android application can be found in the top of the layer.
■ At the application layer we can write our own application and install it and
use it.
■ These applications are interact with the users.
■ Example : Games, Message, Contacts, etc.,

18. Reference
■ https://www.javatpoint.com/android-software-stack
■ https://www.tutorialspoint.com/android/android_architecture.htm
■ https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/android-system-architecture/
■ https://dzone.com/articles/android-software-stack-and