a presentation useful for the tenth graders in the CBSE stream.

1. LIFE LINES OF NATIONAL ECONOMY
PRESENTED BY:
a abdul shumz kv kanjikode
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 1

2. OBJECTIVES
 To explain the importance of transport
and communication in the ever shrinking
world.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 2

3. MODES OF TRANSPORT
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 3

4. INTRODUCTION
 It plays an important role in day to day life .
 Production becomes easy by transport,
communication and trade as processing site is
linked with the sites of raw material.
 Developed transport, communication and trade
help goods and services being distributed in the
local, national and international markets.
 It ensures movement of people, materials and
communication & also movement of ideas, and
skill from one region to another.
 So, the development of efficient transport and
communication network reflects the development
of economy and the country as a whole.These
means are called lifelines of a nation‘s economy.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 4

5. •In the modern world, no country
can prosper without the co-
operation and help of other
countries .
•For this movement of goods and
materials (trade) is essential
among the countries .
• Trade provides with our
necessities and also add to our
amenities and comforts.
•Transport, communication and
trade are essential for economic
integration, social interaction and
defence of the country as well as
other countries.abdul shumz kv kanjikode 5

6. TRANSPORT NETWORK
MEANS OF TRANSPORT
LAND WATER AIR
ROADWAYS RAILWAYS PIPELINES
INLAND
WAYS
OVERSEAS
WAYS
DOMESTIC
AIRWAYS
INTERNATIONAL
AIRWAYS
PUBLIC
UNDERTAKING
PRIVATE
AIRLINES
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 6

7. ROADS
 NETWORK OF ROADS IN INDIA - 33.2 lakh km.
 On the basis of nature & surfacing - 1.
Metalled (pucca)- 57% 2. Unmetalled (kuchcha) -43%
On the basis of construction & maintenance –
(a.) Golden Quadrilateral Super Highway :
(i) NHDP Phase- I :- 5,846 km., six lane,
CONNECTING-Delhi ,Mumbai,Chennai and Kolkata
(ii) NHDP Phase- II :- 7300 km.
* NS Corridors – Srinagar to Kanyakumari
* EW Corridors – Silchar(Assam)-Porbandar(Gujarat)
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 7

8. (iii) Port connectivity and other
projects - 1,157 km.
(iv) NHDP Phase – III:- 4,015km.,
4 lane ,
-National Highway Authority of India (NHAI)
is the implementing agency for NHDP
programme.
-NHAI is implement 4 laning of 603 km.
Special Accelerated Road Development
Programme in the North Eastern Region
(SARDP-NE) ,
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 8

9. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 9

10. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 10

11. -(b.) NATIONAL HIGHWAYS -- As on March 31,2006 -
65,569 km.
* 2% of the total length of the road network
CPWD constructs and maintains National Highways.
35%-single lane, 53%-2lane & 12%-4 lane or more.
(c.) STATE HIGHWAYS -- 1.28 lakh km.
97%of the length of state highway is metalled.
The State Highways are constructed and maintained by
State Government.
(d.) DISTRICTS ROADS – 4,70,000 km.
Districts authorities constructs and maintain the District
Roads
(e.) OTHER ROADS - mostly kuchcha roads, 26,50,000 km.
(f.) BORDER ROADS - Border Road Development Board ,
World’s highest Roads from Manali (H.P.) to Leh of Ladakh
(J&K)
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 11

12. ROAD DENSITY - The lowest density
– 10 km.per 100 sq.km in J.&K.
The highest density – 375 km.per 100
sq.km. in Kerala
The national average of road density – 75
km. per 100 sq. km.
PROBLEMS FACED BY ROAD
TRANSPORT – 1.Inadequate
2 .43% of road are unsurfaced.
3. Highly congested in cities & Bridges
are narrow.
4.Roadside amenities are not sufficient
&Emergencies services are poor.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 12

13. RAILWAYS
Introduced by British Govt. in 1853 - 34 km. between Mumbai toThane
Railway Network in India
(As on March 31,2004)
1. Route
Length : 63,221 km
 2.Railway Station :7,031
 3. Railway Engines :7,817
 4. Coaches :36,510
 5.Wagons :2,28,170
 6. RunningTrack :1,07,969 km.
 7. ElectrifiedTrack :17,500 km.
 8. Zones :16
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 13

14. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 14

15. PROGRESS MADE BY INDIAN RAILWAYS
SINCE INDEPENDENCE
1. The total length of railway network as on March, 2002
was 63028 km.
(i) Broad Gauge (1.67 metre) - 45622 km. (70%)
(ii) Metre Gauge (1 metre) - 14364 km. (24.6%)
(iii) Narrow Gauge(0.77 metre) - 3136 km. (5.36%)
As on March, 1951 – 53596 km. - 18% increase
2. Additional Lines on the already existing busy routes–
total running track had increased from 59,315 km. to
1,07,969 km. in 2001.
3. Electrification of route – By March,2006 the Indian
railways had got 17500 km. of
railway route electrified.(26% of total route)
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 15

16. Purposes of Electrification –
(i) relieves railways from steam engines.
(ii) ensure more speedy movement.
(iii) Clean and pollution free travel.
4. Container Service - Provides door to
door service for goods & commodities
by CCI.
5. Computerised reservation & more and
more coaches and sleepers.
6. METRO Railway - Kolkata, Delhi,
Mumbai & Chennai
7. Super fast Trains -
8. Biggest Government Department – 15.5
lakhs regular employees &2 lakhs
casual. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 16

17. PRESENT PROBLEMS OF INDIAN
RAILWAYS
 Travelling without tickets.
 Thefts of railway properties.
 Damaging railway properties.
 Pulling up of chains and stopping of
trains.
 Attacks of terrorists.
 Bomb blasts.
 Throwing of passengers out of trains over
traffic matters
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 17

18. PIPELINES
Pipelines have become a major means of
transport and are used in transporting
crude oil, petroleum product and natural
gas from the oil and natural gas fields to
refineries, fertiliser factories and big
thermal power generation plants.
Major categories of pipeline transportation in India :-
1. upper Assam Oil fields to Kanpur via Guwahati,
Barauni and Allahabad
2. Salaya (Gujarat) to Jalandhar (Punjab) via
Viramgam, Mathura, Delhi and Panipat.
3. Hazira (Gujarat) to Jagdishpur (U.P.) via Bijapur
(M.P.) –the longest pipeline in India -1700km.
4. Mumbai HIGH with Mumbai – Puneabdul shumz kv kanjikode 18

19. PROPOSED PIPELINES –
(I) Between Kandla and Panipat
(II) Between Kandla and Bina
(III) Between Mumbai and Manmad
(IV) Between Vishakhapatanam to
Vijaiwada
(V) between Mangalore to Chennai
via Bangalore
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 19

20. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 20

21. waterways
India has a large number of
perennial rivers and a very long
coastline of 6100 km.
Types of waterways:-
(a.) Inland water transport
(b) Ocean water transport
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 21

22. National Waterways :-
1.The Ganga river -
Allahabad to Haldia - 1620 km.
2. The Brahmaputra river - Sadiya
TO Dhubri - 891 km.
3. The West Coast Canal - Kollam
to Kottapuram - 14 km.
4. The Champakara Canal – Kerala
-13 km.
5. Udagmandalam Canal - Kerala
-22 km.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 22

23. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 23

24. Major Sea Ports :- At the time of
Independence - only 5 sea ports
Sea ports at West Coast Seaports at East Coast
1. Kandla 1. Tuticorin
2. Mumbai 2. Chennai
3. Nhova Sheva (Jawahar Lal Nehru) 3. Ennore
4.Mormugao 4. Vishakhapatnam
5. Mangalore 5. Paradip
6. Kochi
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 24

25. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 25

26. Airways
 Air travel is the fastest, most
comfortable and prestigious
mode of transport.
 Civil Aviation Department of
controls and supervises the
activities of airlines and gives
guidelines for safe operations of
the airlines.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 26

27. AIR SERVICES :-
1. Air India - 26 Air Craft
2. Indian Airlines - 54 Air Craft
3. Pawan Hans Helicopters
4. Private Air Lines (Scheduled
& Non-scheduled)-70
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 27

28. International Airports :- 14
1.Delhi 8.Kochi
2.Mumbai 9.Hyderabad
3.Chennai 10. Guwahati
4. Kolkata 11. Bangalore
5. Amritsar 12. Thiruvananthapuram
6. Ahmedabad 13. Srinagar
7. Panaji 14. Pune
Airports are managed by Airports
Authority of India.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 28

29. abdul shumz kv kanjikode 29

30. The Role of Transport Network in
the development of India
1. Lifelines of the Country-
2. Transportation-
3. Turning of local market into
national market
4. Help in the development of
economy
5. National integration of the country
6. Cultural integration
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 30

31. COMMUNICATION NETEORK
Communication is the process in which messages
are sent from one place to another; people
sitting thousands of km. away talk with one
another and even watch one another.
Various Means of communication-
1. Postal Services –
2. Print Media
3.Telecommunication-
4. Electronic Media - Radio &Television
5.Teleprinters and Cables
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 31

32. Trade
The exchange of goods among people, states and
countries.
Trade between two countries is called
international trade.
ForeignTrade includes exports and imports.
Export trade is the trade in which a country
supplies its surplus goods and commodities to
other nations and earn valuable foreign
exchange. Import trade is the trade in which a
country obtains these goods and commodities
from other countries in which it is deficient.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 32

33. • Balance of Trade is the difference
in the value of exports and imports.
• Major items of India’s Exports -
Agriculture and allied product, ores and
minerals, gems and jewellery and chemical
products, engineering goods.
• Major items of India’s Imports-
Petroleum and petroleum products, pearls
and precious stones, inorganic chemical,
coke, machinery, fertilizers etc.
• Except 1972-73 and 1976-77, India’s
trade balance has been adverse since
independence.
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 33

34. Thank you!
Pl mail your suggestions to:
abdul.shumz@gmail.com
abdul shumz kv kanjikode 34