2. Most actions in our body like standing, walking,
running and playing, require using our bones,
muscles, and joints.
Without these important body parts, we
wouldn't be able to stand, walk, run, or even sit.
3. What are Bones ?
• Bones provide a kind of scaffolding
which supports the rest of our body
tissues, without them our bodies
would be like jelly.
• Bones are classified as long, short,
irregular, flat and sesamiod .
4. What are Bones ?
• Long Bones ; these consist of a shaft and two
extremities . As the name suggests, these bones
are longer than are wide. Examples include the
femur, tibia and fibula.
tibia fibula femur
5. What are Bones ?
• Short, irregular, flat and sesamiod: these types
have no shaft or extremities . they are diverse in
shapes and size .
carpals (wrist)
hip bone
Scapula patella (knee cap )
6. Functions of Bones :
• From our head to our toes, bones provide support for
our bodies and help form our shape.
• Bones protect the internal organs(ribs protect
respiratory system).
• It has bone marrows where the blood cells are
synthesized.
• Allowing movement of the body by forming joints
which moved by muscle .
• it's important area of storing minerals like calcium and
phosphorus
7. What are muscles ?
• The human body has more than 650
muscles, which make up half of a
person's body weight. Humans have
three different kinds of muscle
8. • Skeletal muscle are connected to bones by
tough, cord-like tissues called Tendons, which
allow the muscles to pull on bones..
9. TENDON
• A tendon is a band of connective tissue that connects
muscle to bone
• When a muscle contracts, it pulls on the tendon, which
then pulls the bone to cause movement.
10. • Joints are a place where two
or more bones meet. It is a
place where bones can move
in relation to each other.
• Function of joints They
make the skeleton flexible —
without them, movement
would be impossible
• They attached to each other
by ligaments or cartilage.
12. Fibrous joints
In this type of joints the bones are joined
together by means of fibrous tissue.
• There is no movement between the bones
such as the sutures of the skull and the
teeth in their sockets.
13. Cartilaginous Joints
• joints where the articular surfaces of the bones
forming the joints are attached to each other by
means of white fibrocartilaginous discs and
ligaments which allow only a limited degree of
movement.
14. Synovial Joints
• These are freely movable joints. Most of
the joints in the body are of the synovial
type. There are many types of synovial
joints
15.
16. Cartilage
• flexible connective tissue found in many
areas in the bodies of humans , including
the joints between bones .
• THe main Function is to reduce friction in
the joint with movement .
17. LIGAMENTS
• Strong fibers that join
bones together; usually
non elastic and white, but
some are yellow and more
stretchy .
• The function of ligaments
is to connect bone to bone.
Ligaments provide stability
in the joints by preventing
too much movement.
18. Refrences
Drake et al. (2009) Gray's Anatomy for Students, 2nd Edition, Skeletal system .
Anatomy and Physiology in health and illness,By Ross & wilson , 11th Edition ,
chapter 16 the musculoskeletal system .
Basic histology,By Junqureira,Carneiro and Kelly; McGraw-hill Publishing Co.9th ed .
Adamimages.com , (Medical images)
Moini (2011) Introduction to Pathology for the Physical Therapist Assistant
eMedicine/Stedman Medical Dictionary Lookup
The Muscular System , By Gillian Houghton , Powerkids Pr (August 31, 2006)
