1. Prepositions and Prepositional phrase By Reem Al Mansouri Instructor Dr. Shadia Banjar Lane 334

2. Prepositions: Belong to a small group or class of words which express relations of place, direction, time or possession. Words belonging to this class include , of, to,at,from,till,for,beside,against,up, down ,by and so on .

3. Prepositions can appear alone as in : 1- sally looked up Or in conjunction with a noun phrase as in: 2-Sally looked up the chimney

4. 1- S NP VP N V PP sally looked up

5. 2- S NP VP N V PP P NP DET N sally looked up the chimney

6. 1- Sally looked up S P A 2- sally looked up the chimney S P A PP P (+NP) Function: A

7. Prepositional phrase has five functions: PP P (+ NP) Function: 1- A 2- iO 3- sC 4- oC 5- pO

8. 1- Awith intransitive verb e.g. sally looked up sally looked up the chimney 2- io with ditransitive verb e.g. sue gave a jumper to Oxfam Sue gave a jumper to Oxfam S P dO iO

9. S NP VP N V NP PP [ditrans] DET N P NP Sue gave a jumper to Oxfam

10. 3- sC with intensive verb e.g. George is in the gardenS P sC S NP VP N V PP [intens] P NP DET N George is in the garden

11. 4- oCwith complex- transitive verb e.g. Carol put the car in the garage S NP VP N V NP PP [COMPLEX] DET N P NP DET N carol put the car in the garage

12. 4-Carol put the car in the garage S P dO oC 5- pOwith prepositional verbe.g. The children glanced at the pictures The children glanced at the pictures S P pO

13. S NP VP DET N V PP P NP DET N the children glanced at thepictures

14. Thank you