Web 1.0 focused on commerce while Web 2.0 emphasizes user participation and contribution. The concept of Web 2.0 emerged from a 2004 brainstorming session between O'Reilly and MediaLive International. Key principles of Web 2.0 include customization for individual users, harnessing collective intelligence by allowing users to contribute and edit content, and specialized databases to store user data. Web 2.0 applications are also characterized by a perpetual beta approach with frequent updates and a focus on services rather than single-device software.