Brain-computer interfaces (BCI) allow direct communication between the brain and external devices by detecting brain activity through electrodes implanted in the brain or placed on the scalp. The goal of BCI research is to provide paralyzed or motor-impaired patients a way to communicate and control devices simply through thought. Early experiments implanted BCI devices in rats and monkeys' brains to allow them to control robotic limbs. The first human testing of a BCI device occurred in 2004, allowing a paralyzed man to control a computer cursor and play simple games using only his thoughts over several months. BCI systems work by capturing brain signals, processing them to recognize patterns, and using those patterns to control assistive technology.

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Prepared By: Rakshit Shah

2. What is Brain-Computer Interface?
Brain Computer Interface is a direct technological interface
between a brain & a computer system not requires a motor
output from the user.
 It is abbreviated as BCI.
It is also known as Direct Neural Interface (DNI) &
Brain – Machine Interface (BMI).
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3. Continued
Brain-computer interface is an
electrode chip which can be
implemented in the brain through
surgical procedure.
• When it is implemented in brain
the electrical signal exchanged by
neurons within the brain are sent to the
computer and then the computer is
controlled by person.
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5. Objective of BCI:
 The goal of the Brain-Computer Interface is to develop
a fast and reliable connection between the brain of a
severely disabled person and a personal computer .
 The ‘Brain Gate’ device can provide paralysed or
motor-impaired patients a mode of communication
through the translation of thought into direct
computer control.
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6. BCI Research On Animals:
At first, rats were implanted
with BCI .
Signals recorded from the
cerebral cortex of rat operate
BCI to carry out the movement.
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7. Contd…
• Researchers at the University
of Pittsburgh had demonstrated
on a monkey that can feed itself
with a robotic arm simply by
using signals from its brain.
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8. Next Step-HUMANS!!
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9. BCI On HUMANS
 In December 7, 2004, brain-computer interface had been
clinically tested on a human by an American biotech
company Cyberkinetics.
 The first participant in these trials was a 25-year-old man
who had sustained a spinal cord injury leading to
paralysis in all four limbs .
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10. Contd…
 Over a period of nine months, he
took part in 57 sessions during
which the implanted Brain Gate
sensor recorded activity in his
motor cortex region while he
imagined moving his paralyzed
limbs and then used that imagined
motion for several computer-
based tasks such as, moving a
computer cursor to open e-mail,
draw shapes and play simple video
games.
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11. Software behind BCI
• The technology is comprised of four main
components; a signal capture system, a
signal processing system, a pattern
recognition system, and a device control
system.
• The signal capture system includes the
electrodes themselves and the isolated
electronic amplifiers
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12. Applications
 One of the most exciting areas of BCI research is the
development of devices that can be controlled by
thoughts.
 For a quadriplegic, something as basic as controlling a
computer cursor via mental commands would represent
a revolutionary improvement in quality of life.
 Some of the applications of this technology are also
frivolous, such as the ability to control a video game by
thought , ability to change TV channels with your mind etc.
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13. THANK YOU…
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