The document discusses how higher education needs to change to remain relevant as the world transitions from analog to digital, from isolated to connected, and from closed to open. It argues that institutions will become irrelevant by 2020 if they do not innovate and embrace openness. Specifically, it suggests that higher education needs to follow the trend of openness seen on the internet by making course content, support services, and opportunities for social connection and creativity openly available online in order to connect with students and meet their increasingly unmet needs in a changing digital world. It maintains that not innovating is a policy decision that will negatively impact students and the long-term sustainability of institutions.

1. Openness and the Disaggregated Future of Education David Wiley, PhD Department of Instructional Psychology & Technology Brigham Young University

2. This Is Your 11:20 Wake-up Call Your institution will be irrelevant by 2020

5. “ The World is Changed” Galadriel, Lord of the Rings

6. It’s Actually Worse (or Better) The World is Changing

7. Analog  Digital Music, Phones, TV, Newspapers, Movies, Journals, Communications, Intelligence, Defense

8. Tethered  Mobile Phones, Internet Access, Employment

9. Isolated  Connected People, Content, Systems

10. Generic  Personal Cars, Computers, Mobile Phones

11. Consuming  Creating Radio / Podcasting, Newspapers / Blogs Movies / Vodcasting

12. Closed  Open Software (OSs, Applications), Data (Weather, GIS), Content (Blogs, Wikis)

13. Then vs Now Analog  Digital Tethered  Mobile Isolated  Connected Generic  Personal Consumption  Creating Closed  Open

14. Education vs Everyday Analog  Digital Tethered  Mobile Isolated  Connected Generic  Personal Consumption  Creating Closed  Open

15. “ Daily Divide” Is a Huge Threat And the wider the disconnect, the bigger the threat to higher education

16. But Wait! We’re Education! Our historic monopoly is (gratefully) being challenged on almost every front

17. Why Do Students Come? Content, Support Services Social Life, Degrees

18. Content OpenCourseWares, Wikipedia, Public Library of Science, Arxiv.org, Google Scholar, Flat World Knowledge, etc.

19. Support Services ChaCha, Yahoo! Answers, RateMyProfessor, Email, Instant Messaging, Twitter, etc.

20. Social Life Facebook, MySpace, MMOG, iPhone location-aware apps, etc.

21. Degrees MCSE, RHCE, CCNA

22. The Monopoly Is Being Busted Everything we provide is now offered by someone else

23. When Institutions Specialize They usually provide better quality at a better price

24. Higher Ed, On the Other Hand 76% increase in cost over 10 years How’s our quality?

26. Industries Failing Everywhere Banks, Insurance, Automobiles Higher Education?

27. A Bail Out for Higher Ed? Utah 4% cut, Pennsylvania 5 % cut, Massachusetts 5 % cut, Virginia 7 % cut

28. No Monopoly and No Bail Out How can we innovate to stay relevant?

29. What About E-learning?

30. What About E-learning? Quite innovative in 1995!

31. Characteristics of E-learning Analog or Digital Tethered or Mobile Isolated or Connected Generic or Personal Consuming or Creating Closed or Open

32. We’ve Only Changed the Channel Our pedagogy and philosophy are as just as they’ve always been

33. The Polo Parable A story about our move to online teaching and learning

34. Photo by e.dward

35. Photo by Christopher Henning

36. We’re Swimming on Horseback And rather proud of ourselves, I must say

37. Online is a Different Place The goals of teaching are the same, but the culture and rules in that space are only sort of the same

39. We’re Celebrating the Mass in Latin And our students are expecting charismatic worship with guitars, drums, and “Amen!”s

40. It’s About Respect Its about valuing culture and designing for it just as we would if teaching in Bangalore, Beijing, or Barcelona

41. Some Say Learning Has Changed Digital natives or millennials have brains that function differently

42. It’s About ATIs In the “aptitude by treatment interaction” literature, the only individual difference that matters is prior knowledge

43. Openness is the Cornerstone Openness underpins everything interesting happening online and is “what they know”

44. Why Make Such a Claim? Let’s ask Alexa what the 50 most popular sites on the web are…

45. Sites Where Anyone Can: Share a video, share a photo, share a blog post, share their personal info, share their ratings, share their files, share their expertise

46. Characteristics of E-learning Analog or Digital Tethered or Mobile Isolated or Connected Generic or Personal Consumption or Creating Closed or Open

47. Connecting You can’t connect to something if you don’t have access to it

48. Personalizing You can’t adapt or localize something if you don’t have the rights to modify it

49. Creating You won’t be creative if there’s no outlet for your work

50. How Might We Open Things? Higher Ed needs to figure this out

53. Materials Intended for Teachers Teachers only account for 15% of users

54. Lecture Notes Courses Around $15k per course

55. Video-based Courses Around $30k per course

56. “ Open 1.0” Hundreds of universities around the globe sharing over 6,000 courses (Will you show up on Google?)

57. Surely There Are Other Ways? Sharing some experiments

58. Connecting and Openness Sharing some experiments

61. Personalizing and Openness Sharing some experiments

63. Creating and Openness Sharing some experiments

66. Being Even More Open Sharing some experiments

69. Character Classes Bard (Master of the lore, history, and politics of the field, know what's “out there”) Artisan (Has materials production skills in all the necessary Web 1.0 and 2.0 tools like HTML, video sharing, podcasting) Monk (Master of copyright and licensing arcana and defender of the university brand) Merchant (Deals with short- and long-term sustainability issues)

70. Education Will Eventually Be Open And involve connecting, personalizing, and creating - just like everything else does

71. Will Higher Education Be Open? Can your school find the institutional will to change?

72. Institutional Disaggregation MIT OpenCourseWare, Western Governors University

73. Value of Integration? As compared to “specialized pieces loosely joined”

74. Not a Technology Problem Look around the Internet – not only do the technologies we need exist, they’re open source

75. This Is a Policy Problem Higher education is behaving like the recording and movie industries

76. Policy To Defend Tradition Rather than innovating

77. You Must Engage in Policy Reform Ignoring the growing problem is not a strategy

78. “ It is not necessary to change. Survival is not mandatory.” W. E. Deming

80. “ You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.” Buckminster Fuller

81. Student Learning May Suffer The market will likely meet students’ increasingly unmet needs

82. Your Employment Will Suffer When your institution collapses as Googlers find better alternatives

83. “ The last temptation is the greatest treason, To do the right deed for the wrong reason.” Archbishop Thomas Beckett (T. S. Eliot)

84. Innovate for the Students To fulfill your sacred trust as a teacher

85. Thank You! [email_address] http://davidwiley.org/