14.0 Describe Principles of Plant Growth Production 14.2 Explore methods of classifying plants. Introduction To Plants

Two Groups of Plants Nonvascular - most primitive, rely on water coming to them. Vascular - contain vascular tissue that transports water. And Fungi – which are not plants

Nonvascular - most primitive, rely on water coming to them.

Vascular - contain vascular tissue that transports water.

And Fungi – which are not plants

And Non Plants Fungi - most primitive; do not have true roots, leaves, stems do not contain chlorophyll in their cells Obtain their food from other sources – heterotrophs or parasites Reproduce asexually - spores Example: Mushrooms, molds, puffballs, lichens

Fungi -

most primitive; do not have

true roots, leaves,

stems

do not contain chlorophyll in their cells

Obtain their food from other sources – heterotrophs or parasites

Reproduce asexually - spores

Example:

Mushrooms, molds, puffballs, lichens

Mushrooms and Toadstools Found in damp, shady places Very short lifespan Most are poisonous (if it is red it is poison) Some grown for commercial use

fungi which grow in symbiosis with algae, forming a structure in which the algal cells are imbedded in the fungal structure (hyphae) the algae gets water and minerals from the fungus the fungus gets food from the algae which is able to conduct photosynthesis found on bare rocks in a crust like, shrub like, or leaf like form can be used to make perfume or for dyes Lichens

fungi which grow in symbiosis with algae, forming a structure in which the algal cells are imbedded in the fungal structure (hyphae)

the algae gets water and minerals from the fungus

the fungus gets food from the algae which is able to conduct photosynthesis

found on bare rocks in a crust like, shrub like, or leaf like form

can be used to make perfume or for dyes

Non-vascular Plant Nonvascular no vascular tissue no leaves, stems, or roots low growing, close to the ground reach maturity quickly can grow in varying climates Produce food in every cell

Nonvascular

no vascular tissue

no leaves, stems, or roots

low growing, close to the ground

reach maturity quickly

can grow in varying climates

Produce food in every cell

Mosses a flowerless plant lies flat and grows in moist areas (carpet like appearance) reproduces sexually Economics - used by gardeners as a mulch because it helps keep moisture close to the plants roots.

a flowerless plant

lies flat and grows in moist areas (carpet like appearance)

reproduces sexually

Economics - used by gardeners as a mulch because it helps keep moisture close to the plants roots.

Algae different shapes, sizes, and colors simple plants that contain photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll) found in wet soil

different shapes, sizes, and colors

simple plants that contain photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll)

found in wet soil

Vascular Plants has vascular tissue – tissue that moves food and nutrients around plant leaves, stems, and roots produces food for plant only in leaves

has vascular tissue – tissue that moves food and nutrients around plant

leaves, stems, and roots

produces food for plant only in leaves

May have a long life span – one season or many grows tall and wide Has chlorophyll for photosynthesis examples: ferns, trees, grasses and flowering plants

May have a long life span –

one season or many

grows tall and wide

Has chlorophyll for photosynthesis

examples: ferns, trees, grasses and flowering

plants

Two Groups of Vascular Plants Gymnosperms - naked seed Angiosperms - vessel seed

Gymnosperms - naked seed

Angiosperms - vessel seed

Gymnosperm vs. Angiosperm Gymnosperm - expose their seeds examples-pine, spruce, ferns and conifers trees

Gymnosperm -

expose their seeds

examples-pine, spruce, ferns and conifers trees

Angiosperm produce and store their seeds in an ovary – often called fruit examples - roses, elm trees, geraniums, apple trees, etc.

Angiosperm

produce and store their seeds in an ovary – often called fruit

examples - roses, elm trees, geraniums, apple trees, etc.

Subclasses of Angiosperms A. Monocots – single seed leaf (cotyledon) flowers/petals grow in groups of three leaves have parallel veins

A. Monocots –

single seed leaf (cotyledon)

flowers/petals grow in groups of three

leaves have parallel veins

Flowers often small, overlooked Usually grow for only one year Examples: corn, grasses, onions, lilies and many grains

Flowers often small, overlooked

Usually grow for only one year

Examples: corn, grasses, onions, lilies and many grains

Dicots two seed leaves (cotyledons) flowers/petals grow in groups of four or five leaves have network veins that branch out

two seed leaves (cotyledons)

flowers/petals grow in groups of four or five

leaves have network veins that branch out

Examples: trees, sunflower, beans, pumpkins and clover . Greatest number of plants are dicots Tend to live a long time – one season or many Produce food, clothing, housing

Examples: trees, sunflower, beans, pumpkins and clover .

Review: Vascular or Non-vascular? Moss

Review: Vascular or Non-vascular? flowering tree

Review: Gymnosperm or Angiosperm? Rose

Review: Gymnosperm or Angiosperm? Pine Tree

Review: Monocot or Dicot? Corn

Review: Monocot or Dicot? Bean