Medieval art

Agenda!  Art Rx!  Medieval Art Notes!  Worktime!!  Next Class: Full Workday on Roman Tunnel Book

Art RX!  Which movement (Prehistoric; Egyptian; Greek or Roman) had sculptures that followed the law of frontality?!  Which movement painted with crushed berries; rocks and twigs?!  Which movement created the sculpture titled ‘The Discus Thrower?’

Art of Medieval Europe:Reign of Religion400 to 1400 C.E.

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  A mixture of Roman, Middle Eastern and European influences!  Art is primarily made for the church!  Begins with Fall of the Roman Empire; Ends with the Renaissance

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  Divided into different periods with different styles: All are part of Medieval period !  Europe !  Gothic !  The East !  Golden Age of Islam !  Europe and the East: !  Byzantine

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!   Foreign invaders from Northern Europe see weakness of ineffective Roman emperors.!   Take opportunity to invade Rome!   Opens the door for other groups to invade/take over other parts of the Empire

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  Invaders (first from Germany then from other regions in Europe, Africa and the Middle East) destroy nearly everything the Roman’s created – form of government; artwork; buildings; way of life

What do you think?!  How would life change after invaders take over the traditional Roman way of life? !  Social Changes? !  Government Changes? !  Religious Changes?

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  Social Changes of the Medieval Period: !  The center of art and innovation moves away from Rome to the North of Europe – Britain, France, Germany !  There is no central base of power coming from Rome !  Empire divided into many different regions; each with own ruler fighting for power and more land.

Roman Empire vs. Post-Empire

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  Religious Changes of Medieval Period !  Focus of life changes from here and now to life hereafter (what happens after Death) !  Focus on gaining acceptance into a Christian or Muslim afterlife (Heaven) !  Human body no longer celebrated as a beautiful thing. It’s now sinful and corrupt !  Question: How will this change art?

Art of Medieval Europe: 400 C.E. to 1400 C.E.!  Art Changes of Medieval Period !  Art no longer concerned with harmony, balance and realism…art now concerned with worshipping God and converting people to Christianity !  Greco-Roman interest in realism dies. Art shows ignorance of anatomy !  Because human body is no longer celebrated and now thought sinful, nudes are forbidden !  Art becomes the servant of the Church

Which sculpture is Greco-Roman?Which sculpture is Medieval? Why? A B

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!  OVERVIEW: !  Eastern part of Roman Empire (Turkey, Jerusalem, other parts of Europe and Middle East) !  People speak Greek !  Capital is Constantinople !  Led by an emperor !  Religion is Christian !  Believed emperor was chosen by God to spread Christianity to non- Christians

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!   ART:!   Focused on religion – turning religious concepts into artistic terms!   Sub-focus on showing off the Empire with art!   Combination of Early Christian Art with Middle Eastern influences!   Mainly church interiors; mosaics and icons!   Byzantine artists were employed by rulers in other areas of the world to teach their artists the Byzantine expertise with decoration and mosaics!   Purpose of Art: Convert Christians and celebrate Byzantine Empire’s power

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!  ARCHITECTURE: Created cathedrals that influenced many future cathedrals in other parts of the world!  Byzantine cathedrals are ornate with domes; columns and arches!  Many windows; lots of decoration and embellishment and are extremely large and airy

Byzantine Art:400 to 1400 C.E.

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!   What effect are Byzantine leaders trying to bring forth from non-Christians with these light; airy; ornate cathedrals?!   Based upon your last answers - why would Byzantine leaders want to build these cathedrals?

WORK TO KNOW:Hagia Sophia, Turkey, 530 C.E.

Work to Know: Hagia Sophia

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!  Mosaics - pieces of cut glass affixed to a flat surface!  Radiate the light!  Most Byzantine mosaics are icons

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!  Icons – a religious work of art (painting; fresco or mosaic) of an important Christian figure (Jesus Christ; Mary; Saints; Angels)!  Every part of the icon is considered sacred and symbolic!  Icons are used in religious rituals and practices

Byzantine Art: 400 to 1400 C.E.!  Islamic Influences on Hagia Sophia

Golden Age of Islamic Art 600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.!   OVERVIEW: !  Northern Africa; Middle East; Parts of Spain and Italy; Southeast Asia !  Culture was a blend of Arabic, Persian, Egyptian, and European traditions

Golden Age of Islamic Art 600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.!  Religion is Muslim – monotheistic with Allah as their God, Mohammed as the only prophet!  Many different ethnic groups centered around cities (caliphates)!  Each caliphate ruled by a caliph (male leader, believed to be appointed by Mohammed!  Laws based on the Q’uran, the Islamic Holy book!  Members of the caliphates spoke Arabic to be able to read Q’uran – this helped unify the different ethnic groups

Golden Age of Islamic Art 600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.!   ART!   Islam forbids idolatry (the representation of human forms) particularly that of Allah or any of his prophets!   Islamic artists developed a unique style of geometric shapes and patterns with Q’uran verses in fancy calligraphy script!   Sculpture went against Islam so artwork was giant religious architecture and architectural decoration

Golden Age of Islamic Art600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.Purpose of Art: Unite different ethnic Islamic groups and educate them to the Q’uran(please add this to your notes!)

Golden Age of Islamic Art 600 C.E. to 1250 C.E.!  Most famous Islamic artworks are shrines and mosques – Muslim place of worship!  Best example of Golden Age of Islamic Art: Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem, 7th century

Early Islamic Art!  Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem 7th century!  Built around the rock upon which Muslims believe Mohammed rose to Heaven

Early Islamic Art Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem 7th century!  Exterior: Giant dome covered with melted down gold coins!  Colorful geometric tile designs in and out

Early Islamic Art!  Work to Know: Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem 7th century

Gothic Art1200 to 1400 C.E

Gothic Art 1200 to 1400 C.E.!  OVERVIEW:!  Northern European (Germany, England, Parts of France)!  Art is primarily highly decorated cathedrals, stained glass windows, skinny sculptures, altar piece paintings and illuminated manuscript paintings of saints, Jesus Christ and Mary!  Purpose of Art: Believed a beautiful church filled with beautiful art would inspire church goers to be good or convert to Christianity

Gothic Art: 1200 to 1500 C.E.!  ARCHITECTURE: Huge cathedrals that took centuries to make!  Very tall with lots of windows to let in light!  Pointed arches and vaults!  Decorated with lacey, intricate decorations of cut stone!  Stained glass

Work to Know: Notre Dame Cathedral,France, 1200 AD

Gothic Art1200 to 1400 C.E.!  SCULPTURE: Long and skinny figures that are very unnatural and stiff looking!  Depict Biblical storiesS  Used to help! church goers who can’t read to understand stories of the Bible

Gothic Art 1200 to 1400 C.E.!  Show ignorance of human anatomy because focus is now on religion and the spirit and not body!  Figures are covered with heavy draping to hide the body – no more nudes!

Gothic Art 1200 to 1400 C.E.!   PAINTING: Illuminated Manuscripts - Highly decorative book pages with borders, miniature illustrations and initials (like your illuminated letter!)!   Seemed to ‘glow’ with real gold used to decorate the pages!   Most illuminated manuscripts were religiously based

Gothic Art1200 to 1400 C.E.

Gothic Art 1200 to 1400 C.E.!   Work to Know: Book of Hours, France, 13th century, tempera on vellum!   A calendar book used to help pray each month of the year!   Elongated, skinny figures that show ignorance of human body structure

Gothic Art1200 to 1400 C.E.

Where are we going withMedieval Art?!  After Regents week: !  Learning color mixing by making stained glass windows and Islamic geometric designs !  Medieval beasts made of clay after we finish our tunnel books

Rest of the Day!  Workday!!  Finish Stage 1:Planning - Steps 1 through 7 (follow directions as they are written in the binder!)!  Begin drawing by following Stage 2: Drafting – Steps 8 through 13 (follow directions as they are written in the binder!)!  Homework: Study for the mid-term exam next week!

Agenda!  Art Rx!  Weekly Process Grades!  Workday!!  Homework: Study for Mid-term Exam that is NEXT WEEK!!!!! Know your art history inside and out!!

Art Rx 1/12!  What was the purpose of Art during the Medieval Byzantine time period?!  What is an icon?!  What Roman building was famous for its Corinthian columns; pediment and large oculus which let light in, heated the space in the winter and cooled it in the summer?

Art Rx 1/12!  To spread Christianity and show off the power of the Byzantine Empire?!  A sacred and symbolic religious work of art of an important Christian figure!  Pantheon

Nearing the 2nd Marking Period = Greater Expectations!   If you do everything that is asked of you but fail to volunteer: 18 out of 20 points!   If you work on work other than art in classroom: automatically deduct 10 points on weekly process grade!   If you constantly leave the classroom for bathroom, nurse, locker, out of seat or assigned seat, automatically deduct 5 points on weekly process grade!   Those that do not clean up their materials properly automatically deduct 5 points on weekly process grade!   Lack of effort and working in class results in deduction of points

Sample Grades!   Look at how your weekly process grade affects your average when the weekly process grades dip by 2 points per week!   93%!   82%

Weekly Process Grade!  So….stay awake, volunteer, hand in work on time, concentrate on your work, cleanup and generate QUALITY for a perfect 20 out of 20!!  Check those grades online to see how you’re doing!  Those of you receiving those 18’s, 19’s and 20’s – congratulations. Keep up the great work!

Agenda!  Art Rx!  Passport to Art – Medieval Art!  Review!  Workday! You should be well into Stage 2: Drafting!  Homework – Study for MIDTERM Part 1 that starts NEXT CLASS! !  Must have pencil and your own calculator for the 100 Multiple Choice.

Art Rx 1/14; 1/18!  The imaginary line located at eye level upon which the vanishing points are placed is called the ______________.!  Name the Title and Movement of this Work to Know!  Name the Title and Movement of this work to Know

Art Rx 1/14; 1/18!  Horizon Line!  Venus of Willendorf - Prehistoric!  Marcus Aurelius - Roman

Passport to Art!  Please fill out your passport to art. Remember that this will be graded based upon !  Writing down all of the information !  Quality of your drawings !  Having the provenance on your drawings

Review!  Please complete the review sheets in the on your OWN piece of paper – DO NOT WRITE ON THE REVIEW SHEETS!!  We will correct them in a half hour. If you finish early move ahead to your tunnel book.

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Medieval art

by caitlin devendorf

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