William EvansPost University Art History I A Trip to the Metropolitan Museum The visit is blood-curdling and gives a fantastic experience Metropolitan Museum of Art can easily fit among the famous legendary European museums The museum is iconic Beaux-Arts façade Visiting Metropolitan Museum of Art has left me recalling of that blood-curdling and fantastic experience. Being one of the world’s premier cultural institutions and houses, it significantly encompasses nearly everything from the ancient classics to the modern masters. With its iconic Beaux-Arts façade, Metropolitan Museum of Art can easily fit among the famous legendary European museums. Although it is distinctly American and New York experience, it is a melting pot of the spectacular art and the artifacts from across time and the world. Interestingly, the museum is fondly referred to as the Met and visitors can travel from as far as Paleolithic Egypt to the Neolithic Near East to experience their culture in the form of artifacts in the museum. What I realized is that Met features a comprehensive collection of calligraphy, art and even ritual objects from Nepal, China, and Tibet. I was further fascinated by the artifact of Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus and ignited my curiosity, and I immediately yearned to know its origin and history of this magnificent artifact (Baetjer, 1999). * Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a significant marble of Early Christian Sarcophagus used for the burial of Junius Bassus the sarcophagus was placed in the Old St. Peter’s Basilica inside the Vatican Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a significant marble of Early Christian Sarcophagus that was used for the burial of Junius Bassus, who is known to have died in 359. Importantly, it has then been described as the single most famous piece of early Christian relief sculpture. Originally, the sarcophagus was placed in the Old St. Peter’s Basilica inside the Vatican. Moreover, is one of the oldest surviving high-status sarcophagi with clear and elaborate carvings of Christian themes with complicated iconographic plans that embrace both the old and new testaments. * Junius Bassus Junius Bassus was a significant figure and a senator headed the government capital as the Praefectus Urbi Bassus converted to Christianity shortly at the verge of his death Junius Bassus was a significant figure and a senator who was the head of the government capital as the Praefectus Urbi at the time of his death in 359 when he was 42 years. Just as the artifact of sarcophagus depicts, Bassus converted to Christianity shortly at the verge of his death (Stokstad, 2010). * Style and art of sarcophagus the workmanship and cooperation were of the highest quality the sculpture shows fewer features of the late antique style of sculpture the sculpture ignores practically all the rules obeyed by official artifacts reflects a blending of the late Hellenic style with the contemporary Roman and Ital.

1. William EvansPost University Art History I
A Trip to the Metropolitan Museum
The visit is blood-curdling and gives a fantastic experience
Metropolitan Museum of Art can easily fit among the famous
legendary European museums
The museum is iconic Beaux-Arts façade
Visiting Metropolitan Museum of Art has left me recalling of
that blood-curdling and fantastic experience. Being one of the
world’s premier cultural institutions and houses, it significantly
encompasses nearly everything from the ancient classics to the
modern masters. With its iconic Beaux-Arts façade,
Metropolitan Museum of Art can easily fit among the famous
legendary European museums. Although it is distinctly
American and New York experience, it is a melting pot of the
spectacular art and the artifacts from across time and the world.
Interestingly, the museum is fondly referred to as the Met and
visitors can travel from as far as Paleolithic Egypt to the
Neolithic Near East to experience their culture in the form of
artifacts in the museum.
What I realized is that Met features a comprehensive collection
of calligraphy, art and even ritual objects from Nepal, China,
and Tibet. I was further fascinated by the artifact of
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus and ignited my curiosity, and I
immediately yearned to know its origin and history of this
magnificent artifact (Baetjer, 1999).

2. *
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a significant marble of Early
Christian Sarcophagus
used for the burial of Junius Bassus
the sarcophagus was placed in the Old St. Peter’s Basilica
inside the Vatican
Sarcophagus of Junius Bassus is a significant marble of Early
Christian Sarcophagus that was used for the burial of Junius
Bassus, who is known to have died in 359. Importantly, it has
then been described as the single most famous piece of early
Christian relief sculpture. Originally, the sarcophagus was
placed in the Old St. Peter’s Basilica inside the Vatican.
Moreover, is one of the oldest surviving high-status sarcophagi
with clear and elaborate carvings of Christian themes with
complicated iconographic plans that embrace both the old and
new testaments.
*
Junius Bassus
Junius Bassus was a significant figure and a senator
headed the government capital as the Praefectus Urbi
Bassus converted to Christianity shortly at the verge of his
death
Junius Bassus was a significant figure and a senator who was
the head of the government capital as the Praefectus Urbi at the
time of his death in 359 when he was 42 years. Just as the

3. artifact of sarcophagus depicts, Bassus converted to Christianity
shortly at the verge of his death (Stokstad, 2010).
*
Style and art of sarcophagus
the workmanship and cooperation were of the highest quality
the sculpture shows fewer features of the late antique style of
sculpture
the sculpture ignores practically all the rules obeyed by official
artifacts
reflects a blending of the late Hellenic style with the
contemporary Roman and Italian creativity
scenes in the artifact are three dimensional
The Roman Arch of Constantine
The Roman arch was significantly the foundation of Rome’s
architectural mastery
It led to a massive expanse of building projects across the
ancient world
It allowed the Romans to make bigger buildings, better
aqueducts and longer roads
The Roman arch was significantly the foundation of Rome’s
architectural mastery and particularly a massive expanse of
building projects across the ancient world. This way, it allowed
Romans to make bigger buildings, better aqueducts and longer
roads. In effect, the Roman arch has been termed as the ancestor
of modern architecture.
*

4. References
Baetjer, K. (1999). Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York:
Metropolitan Publishers.
Stokstad, M. (2010). Art HIstory. Harlow: Prentice Hall
PUblishers.
Romanesque Art: Art and Architecture
Romanesque Art: Art and Architecture
William Evans
Post University
27 February 2016
Brief appraisal
The first movement of the medieval art is the Romanesque art
which includes various derivations of Roman architecture to the
fall of Rome until it became Gothic art in the 12th century
(Khanacademy, 2016). The term Romanesque Art refers to the
art that came from Rome (Durham World Heritage Site, 2016).
The Romanesque art term refers to the art found in the France,
Italy, Germany and Spain in the era of 1000-1200 AD. This art
reflects massiveness, and this also mirrors the social
sustainability of the new millennium and emerging confidence
of Church. The most of the art, presently, is remembered
through churches which are still the symbol of this art. There is
also a blend of religious art in the Romanesque art because it
was considered as the rivaling counterpart of Islam at that time

5. and the very aim of the church was to spread the churches
throughout the Europe (Visual-arts-cork, 2015). This art typifies
the stained glass, metalwork, decorative religious work, and
sculptures. In the Romanesque art, arches are the most
prominent aspect as the title of this paper suggests. The
Romanesque art influenced the Europe in the 1000, and the
spread of Christianity was one of the propagating factors of this
art. The important features of the art include sculpture,
paintings, and decorative arts. The Romanesque art entangled
the Norman art and Christianity as the sculptures represent
Nordic fantasies as well as biblical illustrations in the form of
paintings.
Personal reaction
Romanesque art and its ruins are the reflections of that era. The
construction also reflects the social constructs and stratification
of that time that is represented from the massive lookouts of the
buildings, pillars, paintings, sculptures and illustrations. An art,
encapsulated in the form of ruins, are the rich source of history.
They provide an alternative review of the history, as they are
the most authentic source of the social constructs and
stratification of that time as compared to what that the
historians wrote. I was amazed at the Romanesque art, and it
kept me mesmerized for some time, and it made me feel like I
had been living in that era. This was the most thrilling feeling
that I realized while delving into this topic. Even if the time of
that era would be ordinary for the people of that era, however,
the feeling of going to that era and seeing things of that era
from the present time makes me feels like a time machine thing
to me. The more I researched, the more I felt deprived of
knowledge and the more I tried to look into this art. Reflection
There were numerous surprises in the course, and some of were
unraveled while doing this project. I would like to present those
are relevant to this paper. First I was mesmerized by the
etymological connection between the word ‘arch' and
‘architecture', and I was impressed so much that I made it the

6. title of my this oeuvre. Further, delving into Romanesque Art
created a romantic sense of gratification and seductiveness in
me, as I was impressed with the structures of the buildings and
the beauty these constructs of art represents.
I did a brief study of the design and came to know how the
structures and buildings sought sustainability through the
Romanesque Art by shifting from the wooden structures to the
stone structures. The earlier structures in this art were massive
and blunt; however, the beauty evolved and with the passage of
time and practice, this became more leaner, refined and
beautiful.
Works Cited
Durham World Heritage Site. (2016). Romanesque Architecture.
Retrieved 2 27, 2016, from
http://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com:
http://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/architecture/romanesq
ue
Khanacademy. (2016). A beginner's guide to Romanesque
architecture. Retrieved 2 27, 2016, from
https://www.khanacademy.org:
https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/medieval-world/latin-
western-europe/romanesque1/a/a-beginners-guide-to-
romanesque-architecture
Visual-arts-cork. (2015). Romanesque Art (c.1000-1200).
Retrieved 2 27, 2016, from http://www.visual-arts-cork.com:
http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/romanesque-
art.htm#romanesque
The formal report given here analyzed all first, and then plan a
time for writing the content and inserting the tables or lists.
3
Art History

7. William Evans
Post University
Introduction
The Greek culture included architectural aspects that are widely
used today in modern architecture.
Most of the ancient Greek architecture consists of temples,
open-air theaters, and sculptures
The Greeks focused their attention on the building of columns.
The structures are unique as they are distinguished by structures
and decoration and stand on high grounds for good visibility.
The Greek culture did involve not only educational, political
and philosophical aspects but also included architectural aspects
that are widely used today in modern architecture. Most of the
ancient Greek architecture consists of temples, open-air
theaters, and sculptures and are found all over the country in
ruins but substantially intact (Jenkins, 2006). As opposed to the
Romans, the Greeks focused their attention on the building of
columns. The structures are unique as they are distinguished by
structures and decoration and stand on high grounds for good
visibility. Therefore, the architectures had to be massive and

8. extremely long.
2
Greeks art history
The Greeks used load-bearing construction to bear the weight of
the roofs as the post-and-lintel construction sued horizontal
beams
The different styles of the Greek architecture included the Doric
style that was more masculine, the ionic style that was feminine
and the Corinthian order.
One example of Greek architecture is the first temple if Hera at
Paestum in Italy.
The Greeks used load-bearing construction to bear the weight of
the roofs as the post-and-lintel construction sued horizontal
beams that were supported by vertical columns that consisted of
drums. The different styles of the Greek architecture included
the Doric style that was more masculine, the ionic style that was
feminine and the Corinthian order. The Doric style was more
plain and blocky while the ionic style had more intricate details
and was easily recognizable by its scroll capital. On the other
hand, the Corinthian style had an embellished capital with
elegant acanthus leaves. One example of Greek architecture is
the first temple if Hera at Paestum in Italy.
3
Ancient Greek Styles

9. Greeks art history
The Capital building in America employs the Corinthian
architecture.
The Greek architecture adapted the stone architecture from the
Egyptians
Petrification began to be used as wooden structures were
replaced with stone and limestone was used to build the pillars
and walls.
Terracotta was used for roof tiles while marble was simply for
decoration.
The Capital building in America employs the Corinthian
architecture as seen by its embellished capitals while the Justice
Hall uses the Doric architecture (Wesley, 2012). The Greek
architecture adapted the stone architecture from the Egyptians
that paved way for their monumental architectures and
sculptures. Petrification began to be used as wooden structures
were replaced with stone and limestone was used to build the
pillars and walls. On the other hand, terracotta was used for
roof tiles while marble was simply for decoration.
5

10. Modern and Greek Architecture
Greek architecture has influenced modern architecture as seen
in modern courthouses, city halls, and residences.
The current American architecture that employs the Greek
architecture builds a story of its building and development.
The stories of these structures go back to the early centuries and
have almost the story (Jenkins, 2006).
It is clear and evident that the Greek architecture has influenced
modern architecture as seen in modern courthouses, city halls,
and residences. The current American architecture that employs
the Greek architecture builds a story of its building and
development. The stories of these structures go back to the early
centuries and have almost the story (Jenkins, 2006). Similarly,
perhaps the most commonly used to explain historical stories
and beliefs are sculptures such. Battles and gods were
sculptured to explain what happened in ancient Greece and what
they believe as well.
6
Modern and Greek Architecture
An example is the sculptor of the dying warrior of the temple of
Aphaia, which influences modern day sculpturing (Jenkins,
2006).
Arches use the strong Greek architecture to offer strong support
to bridges as aqueducts bring water to areas in need.
However, the Greek’s aqueducts had underground tunnels and

11. galleries as opposed to the current aqueducts that adopted the
Roman architecture.
An example is the sculptor of the dying warrior of the temple of
Aphaia, which influences modern day sculpturing (Jenkins,
2006). Also, arches use the strong Greek architecture to offer
strong support to bridges as aqueducts bring water to areas in
need. However, the Greek’s aqueducts had underground tunnels
and galleries as opposed to the current aqueducts that adopted
the Roman architecture. The structure only borrowed the Greek
architecture of arches that they joined to form the aqueducts
7
Modern and Greek Architecture
The most notable difference between modern architecture and
the Greek architecture is the technologies used during
construction.
The area of Fayetteville in North Carolina gives a good
example of the market house which was built due to the
commercial activities of the town in 1789.
The architecture is important due to its logic and order,
inventions, influence, and exquisite sculpture

12. The most notable difference between modern architecture and
the Greek architecture is the technologies used during
construction. The Greeks built structures that were way beyond
advancement at their time (Wesley, 2012). The area of
Fayetteville in Northern California gives a good example of the
market house which was built due to the commercial activities
of the town in 1789. The market house replaced the old
structured statehouse that was destroyed by the great fire in
1831 (Use, 1982). The architecture is important due to its logic
and order, inventions, influence, and exquisite sculpture
8
Modern and Greek Architecture
The building employs both the Greek gothic revival and the
modern classical details.
The Greek architecture is employed and seen in the Doric
columns and the arches.
A block of stone was carved and molded to form the base of the
structure that supported the beams and the roof as the upper
blocks were truncated to form arches.
The exterior architrave is Doric as shown by its columns.
Most of the modern designs base their architectures on the
designs of the Greek template of the base, capital, shaft as
vertical bands are used to draw a viewer’s eye upwards. The
building employs both the Greek gothic revival and the modern

13. classical details. The Greek architecture is employed and seen
in the Doric columns and the arches. A block of stone was
carved and molded to form the base of the structure that
supported the beams and the roof as the upper blocks were
truncated to form arches. This is similar to the western entrance
of the cella of the Parthenon in ancient Greece that was a
temple. From a closer look, the exterior architrave is Doric as
shown by its columns. However, in this case, the interior area is
ionic by its continuous frieze of a continuous image with no
breaks and spaces.
9
The Doric
The Doric has a simple capital with no base when compared to
the Ionic and Corinthian.
Also, the Corinthian style has a more embellished capital than
the Ionic order as stated above.
As seen in each of the columns, each drum has groves curved
into them that help to line the columns in a single look.
Also, the Greek style employed the entasis approach where the
columns tapered the bottom and the top to help them look
vertical
The Doric has a simple capital with no base when compared to
the Ionic and Corinthian. Also, the Corinthian style has a more
embellished capital than the Ionic order as stated above.
Perhaps, the market house was structured using the Greek
architecture to explain the development of the American

14. Architecture when they were breaking off with the colonial
powers. As seen in each of the columns, each drum has groves
curved into them that help to line the columns in a single look.
Also, the Greek style employed the entasis approach where the
columns tapered the bottom and the top to help them look
vertical. Despite the striking similarities between the modern
and the Greek architectures, the purpose of the buildings are
different. The Greeks used the architectures to create beauty
and stories while the modern day American architectures create
an individualistic or cheap look as opposed to the early years
where they explained stories. They do not pay much attention to
intrinsic details and do not care how they look (Wesley, 2012).
10
The Doric
Despite the striking similarities between the modern and the
Greek architectures, the purpose of the buildings are different.
The Greeks used the architectures to create beauty and stories
while the modern day American architectures create an
individualistic or cheap look as opposed to the early years
where they explained stories.
They do not pay much attention to intrinsic details and do not
care how they look (Wesley, 2012).
The Market House Hall in Fayetteville

15. The Market House Hall in Fayetteville
References
Jenkins, I. (2006). Greek architecture and its sculpture. Harvard
University Press.
Use, P. (1982). National Register of Historic Places Inventory
Nomination Form.
Wesley, A. (2012). Greek Architecture Influences America’s
Architecture. Welcome to Ann’s
Web. Np, nd Web, 23.
As presented on the Course Information page and in Unit 1, you
will curate an Art History art exhibition as a course project.

16. The theme of this exhibition will be 'The Evolution of Art'.
During Unit 3, you will submit the first part of your Art History
course project. Each part will be built upon the concepts and
topics you are learning. Only content from Unit 3 is required to
compare modern architecture with the course content, however,
you are encouraged to create a personal collection of images
where you can make your own conclusions of the work,
comparing / contrasting to what you like. A draft of your
project covering content from the first three Units will be due
for review, and feedback will help to guide you towards
creating a dynamic final presentation.
For this piece, you are going to discover the architecture in your
community! Take some time to explore your hometown, and
take a close look at the architecture of the buildings. Chances
are, you will notice that there are still many design elements
created by the Ancient Greek that are still used today. Take
pictures of the details you find that remind you of the Ancient
Greeks, and describe what you see. Try to find 4-6 different
images to talk about. It doesn't have to be 4-6 buildings: look
for 4-6 details on buildings. Common places where you might
find these details are: town halls, banks, churches, even some
houses. Present your discoveries in a PowerPoint presentation,
complete with titles for the images, and a description for each.
Next week you will submit Part 2 of your course project and it
will be used to cover the content from Unit 4 and Unit 5. An
updated draft of the project covering Units 1-5 is due for
review, and feedback will be provided to further guide you
through the final project.
To add to your project, take a virtual trip to the Metropolitan
Museum of Art in New York City (see your resources for a
link)! Navigate their site and search for an artifact from their
Early Christian/Byzantine collections. Choose an item (or items
if you want to explore more than one!), and write a short essay
about it. Observe its traits, identify the origin, and interpret its
execution and symbolism in regards to the time’s artistic
tendencies and religious trends. Illustrate your knowledge of

17. the art by evaluating an artifact of your liking!
Don't forget to add images to your PowerPoint presentation
from this virtual trip and to incorporate the art from Unit 4 as
well!
This is due by end of day Sunday in Unit 5. If you should have
any questions, please post in the "Ask the Instructor" forum so
everyone can benefit! Attached you will the grading criteria for
this portion of your course project.
This week you will submit Part 2 of your course project and it
will be used to cover the content from Unit 4 and Unit 5. An
updated draft of the project covering Units 1-5 is due for
review, and feedback will be provided to further guide you
through the final project.
To add to your project, take a virtual trip to the Metropolitan
Museum of Art in New York City (see your resources for a
link)! Navigate their site and search for an artifact from their
Early Christian/Byzantine collections. Choose an item (or items
if you want to explore more than one!), and write an short essay
about it. Observe its traits, identify the origin, and interpret its
execution and symbolism in regards to the time’s artistic
tendencies and religious trends. Illustrate your knowledge of
the art by evaluating an artifact of your liking!
Don't forget to add images to your PowerPoint presentation
from this virtual trip and to incorporate the art from Unit 4 as
well!
This is due by end of day Sunday. If you should have any
questions, please post in the "Ask the Instructor" forum so
everyone can benefit! Attached you will the grading criteria for
this portion of your course project.
In this Unit, you will submit, by the end of dayFriday, a rough
draft of the course project written document that will
accompany your art presentation. You will also include a draft
of the presentation, covering Units 1-7 for review and
feedback. Utilize the grading rubric to guide you through this
rough draft and remember, the earlier you submit this; the faster
you will receive feedback from your instructor!

18. To add to your written and visual piece, the Unit 7 Course
project #3 submission criteria is as follows:
The architecture of the Romanesque period had significant
influences from the Ancient Romans. Do these Romanesque
buildings remind you of anything from the Ancient Roman
Unit? Do you see similarities within these buildings that are
alike you’re your architectural search of your community in
Unit 3? Choose one Romanesque feature of architecture, be it
an entire structure or a specific detail, and compare/contrast it
with one from the Ancient World. Interpret how the
Romanesque period used the influence from the Ancients to
create a new system for Christianity.
Throughout the course, you have curated an exhibition of art
with themed; 'The Evolution of Art'. Using the unit concepts as
a guide, you organized a PowerPoint presentation 'exhibition' of
images where each topic is represented. You were creative, and
generated an exhibition that represents your tastes and interests
based on what you learned. For each image selected, you will
have a brief appraisal; as if you were an art critic. You also set
aside facts and figures, and described your personal reaction to
each piece, as if you were visiting a museum with a friend and
expressing your reactions based on the knowledge acquired in
this course.
Here is the breakdown of your submissions; you are expected to
include all unit concepts in your exhibition. You submitted and
received feedback on the following sections:
· Unit 3: Ancient Greek architecture (exploring your own
community)
· Unit 5: Virtual trip to Metropolitan Museum of Art in New
York City: Early Christian/Byzantine Collection
· Unit 7: Romanesque buildings/Written submission/Rough
draft presentation
· Unit 8: Final Course Project (written and presentation)
Taking the feedback you received and any new information,
complete the course project and submit via this link.
The final course project will consist of:

19. 1. PowerPoint presentation, which includes:
A. Cover slide
a. Title of exhibition
b. Name
c. Course Name
d. Instructor's Name
B. Topic/era sections with title slide:
a. Images/photos of the topic/era (one image per slide)
b. Brief description of the piece
c. Citations covering any used resources
C. Reference slide(s)
2. Written document (Word, APA formatted)
A. Cover/title page
B. Topic/era section (equal to slide section title)
a. Brief appraisal
b. Personal reaction
C. Reflection
a. Reflect on what knowledge you gained in the course,
including any surprises, new knowledge or discoveries
D. Reference page
If you have questions after reading the attached criteria and
reviewing the grading rubric, please post those to the "Ask the
Instructor" forum so your learning colleagues can benefit from
any answers!