Some people call them alternative story forms. Others call them storytelling devices. Or sidebars. Whatever, they help add information in a small amount of space for readers, listeners and viewers that want a lot of information — now. Presentation by Bradley Wilson, ©2020.

1. ALTERNATIVE
STORY
FORMS
What’s the best way
to tell the story?
By Bradley Wilson, PhD
bradleywilson08@gmail.com
bradleywilsononline.net • Twitter: bradleywilson09
©2020
TUESDAY, MAY 26, 2020 • HOUSTONCHRONICLE.COM
• VOL. 119, NO. 226 • $2.00 HH
ea McIntyre remembers
ly contracted
ear- sk be- wasn’t going out much, but I
ut gas in my car, went to the
ore. Knowing I
d may
taurants, shopping malls,
gyms and salons, whether or
not to wear a mask has be-
come a hot-button issue. To
some, it’s a way to signal one
has their neighbor’s health
and well-being in mind. To
others, it’s an inconvenience
or an attack on American
freedoms.
Government officials don’t
agree on the issue either. In
late April, Harris County
a Hidalgo issued a
No masking the divide
on face coverings
HEALTH: Confusing guidelines, personal beliefs drive Houstonians’ decisions
By Julie Garcia
STAFF WRITER
Brett Coomer / Staff photographer
Camara White wears a mask while
picking up an HISD computer.
Brett Coomer / Staff photographer
Valencia Lewis wears a mask at a
student pickup for computers.
Melissa Phillip / Staff photographer
Mayor Sylvester Turner wears a
mask at his news conferences.
Melissa Phillip / Staff photographer
Amy Ward makes her face
covering a fashion accessory.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Julia Inés Ventura, 11, wears a mask
to keep her grandmother safe.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Gabriela Baeza, 50, a UH professor,
uses a mask to protect her mother.
Jon Shapley / Staff photographer
Roy Acosta has used his mask
since his daughter gifted it to him.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Brent Taylor, 32, said he wears his
mask when he goes out in public.
Jon Shapley / Staff photographer
Emily Deatherage says she’s worn
her mask since March 10.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Bernardo Castro, 20, wears his
mask when he goes out in public.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Vanessa Torres, 42, who lost a
friend to COVID-19, covers up.
Marie D. De Jesús / Staff photographer
Kara McIntyre, 39, wears a mask
even after a negative COVID-19 test.
es on A10
“I wasn’t going out much, but I put gas in
my car, went to the grocery store. Knowing I
went through that and may have gotten
other people sick, that’s terrifying.”
Kara McIntyre, 39, who tested positive in March
President Donald Trump on Monday
threatened to yank the Republican Nation-
al Convention from Charlotte, N.C., where
it’s scheduled to be held in August, accus-
ing the state’s Democratic governor of be-
ing in a “shutdown mood” that could pre-
vent a fully attended event.
Separately, in an interview on “Fox &
Friends,” Vice President Mike Pence listed
Texas, Georgia and Florida — three states
withRepublicangovernors—aspossiblere-
placement hosts.
Pence said that without guarantees from
North Carolina, Republicans might need to
move the convention to a state such as Tex-
as that’s further along in the reopening pro-
cess.
The New York Times reported last wee
Texas in mix
to host GOP
convention
NEW SITE?: Trump threatens
to pull 2020 event from N.C.
By Maggie Haberman
NEW YORK TIMES
GOP continues on A
SPORTS
As facilities open, new economic
proposal on deck for MLB.
PAGE A7
CORONAVIRUS
Houston teachers clean out
students’ lockers as year ends.
PAGE A13
SUBSCRIBERS
Get the latest news online!
Activate your digital subscription at
HoustonChronicle.com/activate
WASHINGTON — Business might be start-
ing to come back to life in the Houston sub-
urb of Stafford, but it’s not coming nearly
fast enough for the city’s finances.
Sales tax revenue has collapsed during
the coronavirus pandemic, leaving the city
with a budget shortfall of at least 25 percent.
Without a cash infusion, the city will have
little choice but to lay off some of its150 em-
ployees within the month, something it
hasn’t done in its 60-year history, Mayor
Leonard Scarcella said.
“We’ve never asked for a penny of hand-
out,” he said. “But we’re asking (the federal
government) provide us with funding to at
leastgetthroughthisperiodoftime.Wesim-
ply do not have the revenues to continue to
operate our city.”
Such calls for help are meeting increasing
resistance among Republicans, carried in
part by a passionate brand of Texas conser-
Debt rises
above talk
of stimulus
RESISTANCE: GOP pushing
back on aid as deficit surges
By James Osborne
STAFF WRITER
Debt continues on A17
CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK
More inside
» Virus scales down Memorial Day ceremony.
Page A3
» Texas nurses aid migrants in pandemic.
Page A13
» Bankruptcy tsunami is building in Texas.
Page B1
For the latest updates, go to
HoustonChronicle.com/coronavirus

2. That’s the title of
this presentation
With thanks
to Tim Harrower,
author “The
Newspaper Designer’s
Handbook”
ALTERNATIVE
STORY
FORMS

3. Late Edition
Today, sunny to partly cloudy, cold-
er, high 33. Tonight, cold with
patchy clouds, low 27. Tomorrow,
partly sunny and remaining cold,
high 36. Weather map, Page B14.
$2.50VOL. CLXII . . No. 56,004 © 2013 The New York Times NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY, JANUARY 2, 2013
U(D54G1D)y+"!#!%!=!@
By KATHARINE Q. SEELYE
Most states are red or blue. A
few are purple. After the Novem-
ber election, New Hampshire
turned pink.
Women won the state’s two
Congressional seats. Women al-
ready held the state’s two Senate
seats. When they are all sworn
into office on Thursday, New
Hampshire will become the first
state in the nation’s history to
send an all-female delegation to
Washington.
And the matriarchy does not
end there. New Hampshire’s new
governor is a woman. So are the
speaker of the State House and
the chief justice of the State Su-
preme Court.
“Pink is the new power color in
New Hampshire,” declared Ann
McLane Kuster, one of the newly
elected representatives, at a re-
cent forum at the New Hamp-
shire Institute of Politics at St.
Anselm College in Manchester,
where the women’s historic mile-
stone was celebrated.
These women did not rise to
the top together overnight. Nor
was there an orchestrated move-
ment to elect them. Each toiled in
the political vineyards, climbed
the ladder in her own time and
campaigned hard for her job. But
they have caught the state’s col-
lective imagination, inspiring for-
ums and media interest and
prompting Jay B. Childs, a New
Hampshire filmmaker, to make a
documentary about them.
Senator Jeanne Shaheen, 65, a
Democrat and dean of the delega-
tion, was the state’s first elected
female governor and the first
From Congress to Halls of State,
InNewHampshire,WomenRule
Continued on Page A13
By BARRY MEIER
Energy drinks are the fastest-
growing part of the beverage in-
dustry, with sales in the United
States reaching more than $10
billion in 2012 — more than Amer-
icans spent on iced tea or sports
beverages like Gatorade.
Their rising popularity repre-
sents a generational shift in what
people drink, and reflects a suc-
cessful campaign to convince
consumers, particularly teen-
agers, that the drinks provide a
mental and physical edge.
The drinks are now under scru-
tiny by the Food and Drug Ad-
ministration after reports of
deaths and serious injuries that
may be linked to their high caf-
feine levels. But however that re-
view ends, one thing is clear, in-
terviews with researchers and a
review of scientific studies show:
the energy drink industry is
based on a brew of ingredients
that, apart from caffeine, have lit-
tle, if any benefit for consumers.
“If you had a cup of coffee you
are going to affect metabolism in
the same way,” said Dr. Robert
W. Pettitt, an associate professor
at Minnesota State University in
Mankato, who has studied the
drinks.
Energy drink companies have
promoted their products not as
caffeine-fueled concoctions but
as specially engineered blends
that provide something more.
For example, producers claim
that “Red Bull gives you wings,”
that Rockstar Energy is “scientif-
ically formulated” and Monster
Energy is a “killer energy brew.”
Representative Edward J. Mar
Energy Drinks Promise Edge,
But Experts Say Proof Is Scant
Continued on Page B4
By ANDREW HIGGINS
RIGA, Latvia — When a credit-
fueled economic boom turned to
bust in this tiny Baltic nation in
2008, Didzis Krumins, who ran a
small architectural company,
fired his staff one by one and then
shut down the business. He
watched in dismay as Latvia’s
misery deepened under a harsh
austerity drive that scythed
wages, jobs and state financing
for schools and hospitals.
But instead of taking to the
streets to protest the cuts, Mr.
Krumins, whose newborn child,
in the meantime, needed major
surgery, bought a tractor and be-
gan hauling wood to heating
plants that needed fuel. Then, as
Latvia’s economy began to pull
out of its nose-dive, he returned
to architecture and today em-
ploys 15 people — five more than
he had before. “We have a differ-
ent mentality here,” he said.
Latvia, feted by fans of auster-
ity as the country-that-can and
an example for countries like
Greece that can’t, has provided a
rare boost to champions of the
proposition that pain pays.
Hardship has long been com-
mon here — and still is. But in
just four years, the country has
gone from the European Union’s
worst economic disaster zone to
a model of what the International
Monetary Fund hails as the heal-
ing properties of deep budget
cuts. Latvia’s economy, after
shriveling by more than 20 per-
cent from its peak, grew by about
5 percent last year, making it the
best performer in the 27-nation
European Union. Its budget def-
icit is down sharply and exports
are soaring.
“We are here to celebrate your
achievements,” Christine La-
garde, the chief of the Interna-
tional Monetary Fund, told a con-
ference in Riga, the capital, this
past summer. The fund, which
along with the European Union
financed a $7.5 billion bailout for
the country at the end of 2008, is
“proud to have been part of Lat-
via’s success story,” she said.
When Latvia’s economy first
crumbled, it wrestled with many
of the same problems faced since
by other troubled European na-
tions: a growing hole in govern-
ment finances, a banking crisis,
falling competitiveness and big
debts — though most of these
were private rather than public
as in Greece.
Now its abrupt turn for the bet-
ter has put a spotlight on a tick-
lish question for those who look
to orthodox economics for a solu-
Used to Hardship, Latvia Accepts Austerity, and Its Pain Eases
ANDREA BRUCE FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
A line for free food in Latvia. Deprivation persists amid gains.
Continued on Page A6
By JONATHAN WEISMAN
WASHINGTON — Just a few
years ago, the tax deal pushed
through Congress on Tuesday
would have been a Republican
fiscal fantasy, a sweeping bill that
locks in virtually all of the Bush-
era tax cuts, exempts almost all
estates from taxation, and en-
shrines the former president’s
credo that dividends and capital
gains should be taxed equally
and gently.
But times have changed, Presi-
dent George W. Bush is gone, and
before the bill’s final passage late
Tuesday, House Republican lead-
ers struggled all day to quell a re-
volt among caucus members who
threatened to blow up a hard-
fought compromise that they
could have easily framed as a vic-
tory. Many House Republicans
seemed determined to put them-
selves in a position to be blamed
for sending the nation’s economy
into a potential tailspin under the
weight of automatic tax increases
and spending cuts.
The latest internal party strug-
gle on Capitol Hill surprised even
Senate Republicans, who had
voted overwhelmingly for a deal
largely hashed out by their lead-
er, Mitch McConnell of Kentucky.
The bill passed the Senate, 89 to
8, at 2 a.m. on Tuesday, with only
5 of the chamber’s 47 Republi-
cans voting no.
Twenty-one hours later, the
same measure was opposed by
151 of the 236 Republicans voting
in the House. It was further proof
that House Republicans are a
new breed, less enamored of tax
cuts per se than they are driven
to shrink government through
steep spending cuts. Protecting
nearly 99 percent of the nation’s
households from an income tax
increase was not enough if taxes
rose on some and government
spending was untouched.
A party that once disputed that
there was any real “cost” of tax
cuts encountered sticker shock
when the nonpartisan Congres-
sional Budget Office estimated
that enacting them in place of the
Lines of Resistance
NEWS ANALYSIS
Continued on Page A12
T. J. KIRKPATRICK FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
Speaker John A. Boehner and Representative Eric Cantor, the House majority leader, on their way to a party caucus on Tuesday.
LUKE SHARRETT FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES
President Obama commented
on the vote Tuesday night.
Continued on Page A13
By JENNIFER STEINHAUER
WASHINGTON — Ending a
climactic fiscal showdown in the
final hours of the 112th Congress,
the House late Tuesday passed
and sent to President Obama
legislation to avert big income
tax increases on most Americans
and prevent large cuts in spend-
ing for the Pentagon and other
government programs.
The measure, brought to the
House floor less than 24 hours af-
ter its passage in the Senate, was
approved 257 to 167, with 85 Re-
publicans joining 172 Democrats
in voting to allow income taxes to
rise for the first time in two dec-
ades, in this case for the highest-
earning Americans. Voting no
were 151 Republicans and 16
Democrats.
The bill was expected to be
signed quickly by Mr. Obama,
who won re-election on a promise
to increase taxes on the wealthy.
Mr. Obama strode into the
White House briefing room short-
ly after the vote, less to hail the
end of the fiscal crisis than to lay
out a marker for the next one.
“The one thing that I think, hope-
fully, the new year will focus on,”
he said, “is seeing if we can put a
package like this together with a
little bit less drama, a little less
brinkmanship, and not scare the
heck out of folks quite as much.”
In approving the measure after
days of legislative intrigue, Con-
gress concluded its final and
most pitched fight over fiscal pol-
icy, the culmination of two years
of battles over taxes, the federal
debt, spending and what to do to
slow the growth in popular social
programs like Medicare.
The decision by Republican
leaders to allow the vote came
despite widespread scorn among
House Republicans for the bill,
passed overwhelmingly by the
Senate in the early hours of New
Year’s Day. They were unhappy
that it did not include significant
spending cuts in health and other
social programs, which they say
are essential to any long-term so-
lution to the nation’s debt.
Democrats, while hardly pla-
cated by the compromise, cele-
brated Mr. Obama’s nominal vic-
tory in his final showdown with
House Republicans in the 112th
Congress, who began their term
emboldened by scores of new,
conservative members whose
reach to the right ultimately
tipped them over.
“The American people are the
real winners tonight,” Represent-
UNDER PRESSURE,
HOUSE APPROVES
SENATE TAX DEAL
Averts Wide Increases and Budget Cuts
— Democrats Hail Compromise
GROUSING ON THE LEFT Disap-
pointed liberals say the president
surrendered on taxes. PAGE A12
BIGGER TAX BITE The end of the
payroll tax break will take more
out of most paychecks. PAGE B6
AN OBSTACLE Regardless of a deal
on the fiscal crisis, investors see
problems ahead. PAGE B1
China wants to extend its rail network
through Laos to the Bay of Bengal in
Myanmar to improve trade, but there
are warnings that the Laotian economy
and environment may suffer. PAGE A4
INTERNATIONAL A3-7
A Chinese SwathThrough Laos
The Kulluk, one of Shell Oil’s two Arctic
drilling rigs, broke free from a tow ship
and ran aground on an island in the Gulf
of Alaska. The beaching threatens envi-
ronmental damage from a fuel spill and
calls into question Shell’s plans to re-
sume drilling north of Alaska. PAGE A8
NATIONAL
Oil Rig Beaches in Alaska
Since 2000, shopping mall development
has skyrocketed in Russia along with an
expanding middle class. PAGE B1
BUSINESS DAY B1-7
Mall Madness in Russia
A report found that people whose body
mass index ranked them as overweight,
but not obese, had less risk of dying
than people of normal weight. PAGE A10
NATIONAL A8-14
Lower Risk for the Overweight A growing number of training centers
and certification courses are helping
prospective baristas interested in learn-
ing the art and science behind the best-
tasting coffee drinks. PAGE D1
DINING D1-6
Knowing Beans
Stanford beat Wisconsin to win its first
Rose Bowl since 1972. Northwestern
beat Mississippi State in the Gator Bowl
for its first bowl win since 1949. PAGE B9
SPORTSWEDNESDAY B9-13
Bowl Droughts Are Over
In a marked change of tone for North
Korea, the country’s leader, Kim Jong-
un, called for an end to the “confronta-
tion” with South Korea. PAGE A3
A North Korean Overture
At 22, just after World War II, Ms. Gor-
don almost single-handedly wrote wom-
en’s rights into the Constitution of mod-
ern Japan, with lasting effects. PAGE B8
OBITUARIES B8
Beate Gordon Dies at 89
Many of those who became ill after help-
ing out at ground zero are having diffi-
culty proving that they are eligible for
compensation. PAGE A15
NEW YORK A15-17
9/11 Volunteers Seek Redress
Maureen Dowd PAGE A19
EDITORIAL, OP-ED A18-19

5. • Initial letters
Entry points
Worksheets created by Bradley Wilson to accompany The Newspaper Design
©2008, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All ri
DIRECTIONS: A sure way to make readers curious about a story is to
in one of the columns of text. For this exercise, design a pull quote th
Remember the following guidelines from chapter 5.
They should be quotations.
They should be attributed.
They should be bigger and bolder than text type.
They should be 1-2 inches deep.
Knowing that a mug/quote combination is one of the best ways to h
pull quote with or without a mug shot. Or do one with and one with
ROBERT BENCHLEY
NEWSPAPER COLUMNIST
ROBERTSUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
5.9 ENTRY POINTS
DIRECTIONS: Every 8-10 inches or so, or when there’s a shift of topic or logical pause in the co
to insert a subhead in a story that is often simply formatted as bold text or maybe set in the
or headlines to contrast with the body copy. Initial caps and dingbats also serve to break up l
text or to help a reader know where a story begins — or ends. Experiment with some differe
colors of subheads, initial caps and even dingbats until you find one of each that fits the look
publication. Write down the specs of your final choice.
A
ttorneys representing Texas
House Speaker Tom Cradd-
ick filed a supplemental brief
Wednesday outlining the speaker’s
rights according to the Texas Con-
stitution. Craddick came under fire
during the last day of the 80th Legis-
lative Session, which ended in May,
when he ignored House members
calling for his removal as speaker.
“The attorney general sent out
letters to potential interested par-
ties for submission of briefs, and we
responded to his letter,” said Chris-
tian Ward, who along with Gregory
Coleman serves as Craddick’s attor-
ney.
A
ttorneys representing Texas
House Speaker Tom Cradd-
ick filed a supplemental brief
Wednesday outlining the speaker’s
rights according to the Texas Con-
stitution. Craddick came under fire
during the last day of the 80th Legis-
lative Session, which ended in May,
when he ignored House members
calling for his removal as speaker.
“The attorney general sent out
letters to potential interested par-
ties for submission of briefs, and we
responded to his letter,” said Chris-
tian Ward, who along with Gregory
Coleman serves as Craddick’s attor-
ney.
Attorneys re
House Speaker To
a supplemental b
outlining the spe
cording to the Te
Craddick came u
the last day of th
Session, which en
he ignored House
for his removal as
“The attorney
letters to potentia
ties for submission
responded to his l
tian Ward, who al
This initial letter is se
Ultra Compressed. It
tall. This fits well sinc
headlines are in Helvetic
Helvetica Ultra Compre
contrast to body copy.
The attorney general’s office
said they had “absolutely no com-
ment whatsoever.” ■
The attorney general’s office
said they had “absolutely no com-
ment whatsoever.” ¶
The attorney
said they had “ab
ment whatsoever.”
This is a lowercase n in the
font of Zapf Dingbats. Simple.
Fits look of initial letters.
SUPPLEM
Worksheets created by Bradley Wilson to accompany The
©2008, The McGraw-Hill C
5.9 ENTR
DIRECTIONS: Every 8-10 inches or so, or when there’s a
to insert a subhead in a story that is often simply forma
or headlines to contrast with the body copy. Initial caps
text or to help a reader know where a story begins — o
colors of subheads, initial caps and even dingbats until
publication. Write down the specs of your final choice.
A
ttorneys representing Texas
House Speaker Tom Cradd-
ick filed a supplemental brief
Wednesday outlining the speaker’s
rights according to the Texas Con-
stitution. Craddick came under fire
during the last day of the 80th Legis-
lative Session, which ended in May,
when he ignored House members
calling for his removal as speaker.
“The attorney general sent out
letters to potential interested par-
ties for submission of briefs, and we
responded to his letter,” said Chris-
tian Ward, who along with Gregory
Coleman serves as Craddick’s attor-
ney.
A
ttorneys
House Sp
ick filed a
Wednesday ou
rights accordi
stitution. Crad
during the last
lative Session,
when he igno
calling for his
“The attorn
letters to pote
ties for submis
responded to h
tian Ward, wh
Coleman serve
ney.
The attorney general’s office
said they had “absolutely no com-
ment whatsoever.” ■
The attorn
said they had
ment whatsoev
This is a lowercase n in the
font of Zapf Dingbats. Simple.
Fits look of initial letters.
According to the supplemental
brief filed by Ward and Coleman,
the speaker may decide when a mo-
tion will be entertained and wheth-
er to recognize a member seeking to
place an item before the House.
SPEAKER’S DECISION
The speaker alone is authorized
to “decide if recognition is to be
granted.”
According
brief filed by
the speaker m
tion will be e
er to recogniz
place an item
SPEAKER’S DEC
The speak
to “decide if
granted.”
Worksheets created by Bradley Wilson to a
5.9 E
DIRECTIONS: Every 8-10 inches or so, or when
to insert a subhead in a story that is often sim
or headlines to contrast with the body copy. I
text or to help a reader know where a story b
colors of subheads, initial caps and even ding
publication. Write down the specs of your fin
A
ttorneys representing Texas
House Speaker Tom Cradd-
ick filed a supplemental brief
Wednesday outlining the speaker’s
rights according to the Texas Con-
stitution. Craddick came under fire
during the last day of the 80th Legis-
lative Session, which ended in May,
when he ignored House members
calling for his removal as speaker.
“The attorney general sent out
letters to potential interested par-
ties for submission of briefs, and we
responded to his letter,” said Chris-
tian Ward, who along with Gregory
Coleman serves as Craddick’s attor-
ney.
AWe
rig
sti
du
lat
wh
cal
let
tie
res
tia
Co
ne
The attorney general’s office
said they had “absolutely no com-
ment whatsoever.” ■
sai
me
This is a lowercase n in the
font of Zapf Dingbats. Simple.
Fits look of initial letters.
According to the supplemental
brief filed by Ward and Coleman,
the speaker may decide when a mo-
tion will be entertained and wheth-
er to recognize a member seeking to
place an item before the House.
SPEAKER’S DECISION
The speaker alone is authorized
to “decide if recognition is to be
granted.”
b
th
ti
e
p
S
to
g
• Inset quotes
• Story subheads
• Dingbats ( ▶ ❏ ❖ ■ )

6. Goal:
To pull
a viewer
into the
publication
Entry points

7. Romo
issues
apology
B1
One
person’s
trash,
another’s
treasure A8
Your news, our passion. ivpressonline.com | adelantevalle.com Vol. 112 No. 209 50¢
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Local & Region, A4
Community photos
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CONNECT
Chamber,
consulate
cooperate
on health
BY CHELCEY ADAMI
Staff Writer
CALEXICO—TheCalex-
ico Chamber of Commerce
and Consulate of Mexico in
Calexico signed an agree-
ment Thursday making the
chamber the new fiscal
agency for the consulate’s
Ventanilla de Salud.
Officials for both agen-
cies said they believe the
move will allow the con-
sulate to improve and ex-
pand health services it of-
fers to the community.
“A lot of people from
Mexico don’t know where
to go and don’t have health
services. Our mission is to
provide them with these
kinds of programs and serv-
ices,” Consul Gina Andrea
Cruz Blackledge said. “I’m
very happy about working
with the chamber on this.”
The chamber replaces
Neighborhood House of
Calexico as the fiscal agency
in charge of Ventanilla de
Salud, which hosts numer-
ous health fairs throughout
the community during the
year as well as individually
helps people navigate med-
ical issues such as health
insurance.
While consulate staff
praised the support they’ve
received from Neighbor-
hood House, they said they
felt that the change to the
chamber would provide
greater opportunity for ex-
pansion due to the cham-
ber’smoreversatilepresence
in the Valley versus the spe-
cific skill set and services
provided by the nonprofit.
Chamber is new fiscal
agency for Ventanilla
de Salud
CALEXICO
SEE CALEXICO | A5
ATTORNEY GENERAL’S OFFICE REPORT
SACRAMENTO(AP)—
Officialsatthehighestlevels
of the California Depart-
ment of Parks and Recre-
ation helped keep millions
of dollars in money intend-
ed for state parks secret for
more than a decade, the
Californiaattorneygeneral’s
office said in a report re-
leased Friday.
The report said the “in-
tentional non-disclosure”
continued because em-
ployees feared the depart-
ment’s budget would be
cut if lawmakers found
out, and that they would
be embarrassed about the
years of covering it up.
“Throughout this period
of intentional non-disclo-
sure, some parks employ-
ees consistently requested,
without success, that their
superiors address the is-
sue,” Deputy Attorney
General Thomas M. Pat-
ton wrote in the report.
Top parks officials kept $20M
hidden for more than a decade
SEE PARKS | A5
What are
laws for
riding
horses in
cities?
What do you want to
know? Submit your
question and read re-
sponses to others at
ivpressonline.com
ANSWER | A4
The Salton Sea Recreation State Park was slated for
closure under cuts made during the state’s budget
crisis last year. IMPERIAL VALLEY PRESS FILE PHOTO
IMMIGRATION PROCESS
POLICY CHANGE
New United States citizens celebrate at the end of their citizenship ceremony at Calexico City Hall
in this image from 2011. Fifty-four applicants from three countries were granted citizenship. A pol-
icy change will allow some illegal immigrants to apply for a hardship waiver to remain with their
families. CHELCEY ADAMI FILE PHOTO
BY JULIO MORALES | Staff Writer, Copy Editor
I
n a move that could help tens of thousands of illegal immigrants se-
cure permanent residency, the Obama administration recently an-
nounced a policy that would also effectively reduce the time families
spend separated during the immigration process.
Prior to the rule change an-
nounced Monday, illegal immi-
grants who return to their
country of origin to apply for a
visa would be barred from re-
turning stateside for a number
of years. The new policy allows
those illegal immigrants who
are immediate relatives of U.S.
citizens to apply for a waiver
and remain in the U.S. if they
can demonstrate time apart
from their family would
amount to an “extreme hard-
ship.”
The change to the rule was
initially proposed in April.
Since then, local attorney Rudy
Cardenas has been reviewing
his caseload to identify which
clients may stand to benefit
from the rule change.
“The Obama administration
thought this is B.S. and was
hurting families,” Cardenas
said, referring to the time an il-
legal immigrant would be
barred from returning to the
U.S. while seeking legal status.
IN WAKE OF DEADLY OUTBREAKS
Sweeping food safety rules proposed
WASHINGTON (AP)
— The Food and Drug
Administration on Friday
proposed the most sweep-
ing food safety rules in
decades, requiring farmers
and food companies to be
more vigilant in the wake
of deadly outbreaks in
peanuts, cantaloupe and
leafy greens.
The long-overdue reg-
ulations could cost busi-
nesses close to half a bil-
lion dollars a year to im-
plement, but are expected
to reduce the estimated
3,000 deaths a year from
foodborne illness.
Just since last summer,
outbreaks of listeria in
cheese and salmonella in
peanut butter, mangoes
and cantaloupe have been
linked to more than 400
illnesses and as many as
seven deaths, according
to the federal Centers for
Disease Control and Pre-
vention.
The actual number of
those sickened is likely
much higher.
The FDA’s proposed
rules would require farm-
ers to take new precau-
tions against contamina-
tion.
Melons
rot in the
afternoon
heat in a
field near
Holly,
Colo.
AP FILE
PHOTO
SEE FOOD | A5
SEE POLICY | A5
Move allows waiver for some illegal
immigrants to stay with families
“I’m smiling
because we're
going to eat.”
Ava Casey, 4
Brawley
SMILE OF
THE DAY
The Blues are back
Valley welcomes
return of Navy’s flight
demonstration team.
Our View, A6
Salton Sea
Imperial Valley to
benefit from air-
monitoring stations.
Local & Region, A4
Community photos
See the Imperial
Valley through
readers’ eyes.
Your News, A2
Judges sworn in
County courts
gain two more on
the bench. Local
& Region, A4
PRINT
EXCLUSIVE
CONNECT
Chamber
consulat
cooperat
on health
BY CHELCEY ADAMI
Staff Writer
CALEXICO—TheCa
ico Chamber of Comm
and Consulate of Mexic
Calexico signed an ag
ment Thursday making
chamber the new fi
agency for the consul
Ventanilla de Salud.
Officials for both ag
cies said they believe
move will allow the c
sulate to improve and
pand health services i
fers to the community
“A lot of people fr
Mexico don’t know wh
to go and don’t have he
services. Our mission i
provide them with th
kinds of programs and s
ices,” Consul Gina And
Cruz Blackledge said.
very happy about work
with the chamber on t
The chamber repla
Neighborhood House
Calexico as the fiscal age
in charge of Ventanilla
Salud, which hosts num
ous health fairs through
the community during
year as well as individu
helps people navigate m
ical issues such as he
insurance.
While consulate s
praised the support the
received from Neighb
hood House, they said t
felt that the change to
chamber would prov
greater opportunity for
pansion due to the ch
Chamber is new fis
agency for Ventanil
de Salud
CALEXICOIMMIGRATION PROCESS
POLICY CHANGE
New United States citizens celebrate at the end of their citizenship ceremony at Calexico City Hall
in this image from 2011. Fifty-four applicants from three countries were granted citizenship. A pol-
icy change will allow some illegal immigrants to apply for a hardship waiver to remain with their
families. CHELCEY ADAMI FILE PHOTO
BY JULIO MORALES | Staff Writer, Copy Editor
I
n a move that could help tens of thousands of illegal immigrants se-
cure permanent residency, the Obama administration recently an-
nounced a policy that would also effectively reduce the time families
spend separated during the immigration process.
Prior to the rule change an-
nounced Monday, illegal immi-
grants who return to their
country of origin to apply for a
visa would be barred from re-
and remain in the U.S. if they
can demonstrate time apart
from their family would
amount to an “extreme hard-
ship.”
clients may stand to benefit
from the rule change.
“The Obama administration
thought this is B.S. and was
hurting families,” Cardenas
more vigilant in the wake
of deadly outbreaks in
peanuts, cantaloupe and
leafy greens.
The long-overdue reg-
ulations could cost busi-
outbreaks of listeria in
cheese and salmonella in
peanut butter, mangoes
and cantaloupe have been
linked to more than 400
illnesses and as many as
The FDA’s proposed
rules would require farm-
ers to take new precau-
tions against contamina-
tion.
AP FILE
PHOTO
SEE FOOD | A5
Move allows waiver for some illegal
immigrants to stay with families

8. First front page of
USA Today,
Sept. 15, 1982

9. “Whatever you want to call
it, the broadcast/print
model is dead.”
Roxanna Jones
ESPN
Photo by Bradley Wilson

10. “You have to start with the
story. You have to know how to
communicate a story to your
audience. How do I want to tell
it? Every story I want to tell
starts with that question.”
Roxanna Jones
ESPN
Photo by Bradley Wilson

11. What is the best way to tell
the story? Go beyond the
obvious. Go behind the scenes.
Think outside the box.
A question we should ask with every story

12. Goal:
To pull a viewer
into the publication AND
to add ‘quick read’
information

13. To pull a viewer
into the publication AND
to add ‘quick read’
information
Goal:

14. Also called
Storytelling devices
STDs
Credit to G.W. Babb,
designer, Austin
American-Statesman

15. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIALS
Worksheets created by Bradley Wilson to accompany The Newspaper Designer’s Handbook, 6th edition by Tim Harrower.
©2008, The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved.
6.1 ALTERNATIVE COPY
DIRECTIONS: Below is a summary of the different types of sidebars and infographics mentioned in chapter 6. Your
task is to find an example of each of these and add them to your clip file.
FAST-FACT BOX
Brief profiles of people, places, products
or organizations, itemized by key
characteristics.
BIO BOX
A series of names, tips, components,
previous events — any categories that add
context to a story.
LIST
A list of specialized words with definitions
(and/or pronunciations) to help clarify
complex topics.
GLOSSARY
A list of questions or guidelines that
itemize key points or help readers assess
their own needs.
CHECKLIST
A short list of questions that let readers
interact with a story by testing their
understanding of the topic.
QUIZ
A way to ask and answer hypothetical
questions, or capture an interview’s
verbatim dialogue.
Q&A
A survey that samples opinion on a
current topic, collating responses into key
categories and statistics.
PUBLIC-OPINION POLL
A series of relevant comments on a topic
by newsmakers, readers or random
passers-by.
QUOTE COLLECTION
A way to measure changing quantities over
time by plotting key statistics as points on
a graph.
FEVER CHART
A way to compare two or more items
visually by representing them as columns
parked side by side.
BAR CHART
A way to compare the parts that make up
a whole — usually measuring money or
population percentages.
PIE CHART
A way to arrange data into columns or
rows so readers can make side-by-side
comparisons.
TABLE
A list of people or products (sports
teams, movies, etc.) that lets critics make
predictions or evaluations.
RATINGS
A chronological table or list of events
highlighting key moments in the history of
a person, place or issue.
TIMELINE
A brief “how-to” that explains a complex
process by walking readers through it one
step at a time.
STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
A plan or drawing designed to show how
something works or to explain key parts of
an object or process.
DIAGRAM
A quick way to give readers geographical
information by showing the location of
events relevant to a story.
MAP
A quick way to give readers geographical
information by showing the location of
events relevant to a story.

16. Types
•Bulleted list
•Question and Answer
•Table
•Bio Box
•Public Opinion Poll
•Rating
•Ordered list
•Quote collection
•Timeline
•Glossary
•Fever chart
•Step-by-step guide
•Checklist
•Bar chart
•Diagram
•Calendar
•Quiz
•Pie chart
•Map

17. Quiz

18. Question and answer
Notice
the
drop cap
too

19. Calendar

20. Quote
collection
In a letter to the chairmen of the H
and Senate Judiciary Committees, Wh
House Counsel Fred Fielding said he a
advised former White House officials w
have received subpoenas in the matter
provide any documents to Capitol Hill
Private space station laun
LOS ANGELES c A new inflatable, unm
test module for a proposed private spa
tion was launched into orbit Thursday
a Russian rocket, the U.S. company de
ing the technology said.
The 15-foot-long module was design
expand to a diameter of 8 feet. Contac
the module was established later in th
and data indicated good voltage in the
system and “decent” air pressure in th
cle, the company said.
Officials probe site on wre
ATLANTA c Investigators Thursday s
looking into who altered pro wrestler
Benoit’s Wikipedia entry to mention h
death hours before authorities discove
bodies of the couple and their 7-year-o
Benoit’s Wikipedia entry was altere
day to say that the wrestler had misse
match because of his wife’s death.
Also Thursday, federal drug agents
they had raided the west Georgia offic
doctor who prescribed testosterone to
Benoit.
Titanic still sells at auctio
NEW YORK c A deck log from a ship t
searched for bodies after the Titanic s
sold for more than $100,000 as part of
Christie’s auction Thursday of memor
from the doomed oceanliner.
All together, the 18 lots of Titanic m
bilia — including letters, postcards, te
grams from survivors and photograph
passengers — sold at auction for a tot
$193,140.
Artifacts from another famous ship
wrecked luxury liner, the Andrea Dori
also auctioned, as were items like silve
and posters from the S.S. Normandy, t
French Art Deco oceanliner that caps
and burned in New York Harbor durin
World War II.
NEWS
BRIEFLY WORLD
U.N. agency rebuts U.S. cla
UNITED NATIONS c The deputy head o
U.N. Development Program has shot b
U.S. accusations that it had squandere
lions of dollars in North Korea, saying
amount far surpassed what the progra
at its disposal and questioning the aut
ty of documents the U.S. mission prov
back up its claims.
In a confidential letter delivered Th
evening to Zalmay Khalilzad, the U.S.
sador, the official, Ad Melkert, said the
amounts, vendor names and transacti
dates supplied by the United States ha
examined against his agency’s records
“there is not a single match.”
HIV/AIDS: “This is a multiple-
dimension problem. But if we
don’t begin to take it serious-
ly and address it the way we
did back in the ’90s when it
was primarily a gay men’s
disease, we will never get the
services and the public educa-
tion that we need.”
Outsourcing: “We have to do
several things: End the tax
breaks that still exist in the
tax code for outsourcing jobs;
have trade agreements with
enforceable labor and environ-
mental standards; help Ameri-
cans compete, which is some-
thing we haven’t taken seri-
ously.”
Online: www.hillaryclinton.com
War on drugs: “The scourge
of our present society, particu-
larly the African-American
community, is the war on
drugs. . . . There is no reason
to continue it in the slightest.
at forum focusing on race
THE CANDIDATES
JOE
BIDEN
DELAWARE SENATOR
Taxes: “For the first time in
our history, we’re in a position
where those who are the wage
earners are paying a bigger
chunk than they should. It’s
got to shift back.”
Chief Justice John Roberts
and Justice Sam Alito: “The
problem is the rest of us were
not tough enough. They have
turned the court upside down.
The next president of the Unit-
ed States will be able to deter-
mine whether or not we go
forward or continue this slide”
Online: www.joebiden.com
HILLARY
RODHAM CLINTON
NEW YORK SENATOR
CHRIS
DODD
CONNECTICUT SENATOR
Employment: “We today re-
ward industries that leave
America by giving them tax
breaks. I would like to see us
reward companies that stay in
our inner cities, go to places
where jobs ought to be creat-
ed. That ought to be a part of
our tax policy as well.”
Segregation: “The shame of
resegregation has been occur-
ring in our country for years.”
Online: www.chrisdodd.com
JOHN
EDWARDS
FORMER NORTH CAROLINA
SENATOR
Health care: “We know that
race plays an enormous role
in the problems that African-
Americans face and the prob-
lems that African-Americans
face with health care every
single day. There are huge
health care disparities, which
is why we need universal
health care in this country.”
Racism: “If you’re African-
American, you’re more likely
to be charged with a crime. If
you’re charged with a crime,
you’re more likely to be con-
victed of a crime. . . . There is
no question that our justice
system is not colorblind.”
Online: www.johnedwards.com
MIKE
GRAVEL
FORMER ALASKA SENATOR
DENNIS
KUCINICH
OHIO REPRESENTATIVE
Trade: “One of my first acts in
office will be to cancel NAFTA
and the WTO and go back to
trade conditioned on workers
rights, human rights and envi-
ronmental quality principles.
BARACK
OBAMA
ILLINOIS SENATOR
Government’s role: “There
are going to be responsibilities
on the part of African-Ameri-
cans and other groups to take
personal responsibility to rise
up out of the problems that we
BILL
RICHARDSON
NEW MEXICO GOVERNOR
Diversity: “I believe very
strongly that the next presi-
dent is not just going to have
to pass laws and take the steps
necessary to reaffirm affirma-
tive action and take steps to
WASHINGTON
D
emocratic presidential candi-
dates won applause from a
predominately black audi-
ence at Howard University on Thurs-
day by accusing the Supreme Court of
retreating earlier in the day from the
goal of eliminating school segregation.
Sharing the stage at a Thursday
night forum on minority issues, the
candidates denounced the court’s deci-
sion that struck down race-based
plans to promote diversity in school
systems in Louisville and Seattle.
The passions that split the court
spilled into the forum, though every
candidate who expressed an opinion
came down squarely against Thurs-
day’s ruling.
They also agreed to roll back tax
cuts for the wealthy, took a hard line
on Darfur and condemned the Bush
administration’s response to Hurri-
cane Katrina.
McCLATCHY-TRIBUNE, THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
POLL WATCH
Sen. Hillary Rodham
Clinton is doing surprisingly
well among minority voters,
a poll says.
The Gallup Poll’s annual
minority survey says the
New York Democrat is tied
with Illinois Sen. Barack
Obama among blacks.
And she trounces all her
rivals with Hispanic voters —
even New Mexico Gov. Bill
Richardson.
“Right now, it’s pretty
much Hillary, and then all
the rest,” said Gallup’s Jeff
Jones.
But at the same time,
more than half of voters say
they wouldn’t consider vot-
ing for Clinton if she be-
comes the Democratic nomi-
nee, according to a poll by
Mason-Dixon Polling and
Research. In that poll, 52
percent of Americans said
they wouldn’t consider vot-
ing for her.
RACE MATTERS
The nomination fight be-
gins in Iowa and New Hamp-
shire, two states with rela-
tively few minorities. But
blacks and other minority
voters become critical in
Nevada, South Carolina and
Florida before a multistate
primary Feb. 5.
About one in 10 voters in
the 2004 election was black,
according to exit polls, and
they voted 9-1 for Democrat
John Kerry. In some states,
blacks make up a bigger
share of the voters.
In South Carolina, for
example, blacks made up
about 30 percent of the elec-
torate in 2004, but were
more than half of the voters
in the state’s Democratic
primary.
NEXT DEBATES
July 23: Democrats in
Charleston, S.C.
Aug. 5: Republicans in Des

21. Quote
collection

22. Quote collection

23. Quote collection

24. Quote collection

25. Quote collection

28. Mori Ono, The
Communicator, Community
High School, Ann Arbor,
Michigan
Bar chart

29. Table
• 75¢SATURDAY • JANUARY 5, 2013 charlotteobserver.com
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Home & Garden
D
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PROJECTS
New food safety rules proposed
FDA says it would shift from in-
spection agency to one focused on
prevention of food-borne illness. 2A
Cornelius: Toll not the answer for I-77
Board urges state to consider all
options for tackling I-77 traffic. 1B
Pilots union supports merger plan
American CEO: Decision on deal
with US Airways may be soon. 2B
SAD ENDING FOR
COMEBACK STORY
Bruce Cochrane , above,
owner of closed furniture
firm: “I’d do it again.”2B
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By Jim Morrill
jmorrill@charlotteobserver.com
They are mostly male, mostly white and most-
ly from the Piedmont. They boast some experi-
ence in state government, but little in the execu-
tive branch. They’re strong personalities, and
two controversial ones. And when Republican
Pat McCrory is sworn in Saturday as governor,
they’ll be the team that will help him lead North
Carolina for the next four years.
The selections mark the first
big decisions by the incoming
governor, North Carolina’s first
GOP executive in 20 years. They
offer a clue to the new adminis-
tration and the man at the top.
“It may not be the perfect pic-
ture of diversity that a lot of peo-
ple want to see,” says Tom
Campbell, moderator of NC SPIN, a statewide
public affairs show. “But if you … look at it from
the point of view of how you’re gonna work on
and fix state government, this is a pretty good
team.”
McCrory, mayor of Charlotte for 14 years, calls
the eight Cabinet secretaries and four other top
officials “pragmatic problem solvers and lead-
ers.” Among them: two of his former colleagues
from Charlotte-based Duke Energy, four current
or former business executives, a former prosecu-
tor, another ex-mayor and a former ambassador.
They also include three former Republican
McCrory’s
first task:
Building a
new team
Former mayor’s selections hint at a
different approach to running N.C.
McCrory
Live coverage at noon
You can watch Pat McCrory’s swearing-in cere-
mony Saturday at charlotteobserver.com beginning
at noon. It will also be broadcast on UNC-TV.
SEE MCCRORY, 4A
The problem, said UNC Charlotte economist
John Connaughton, is that local growth lags the
rest of the country.
“That’s not good,” he said, speaking about
how Mecklenburg County’s 9 percent jobless
rate in November is higher than the nation’s 7.8
percent unemployment rate.
Among the trouble spots: Commercial real es-
tate development remains way off the peak in
the mid-2000s. And foreclosure filings for the
county rose in November to 705, up from 496 the
By Kerry Singe
ksinge@charlotteobserver.com
Home building activity is up and unemploy-
ment is down from a year ago – but Mecklen-
burg County begins 2013 with much more work
to do, economists say.
More homes are selling, and for higher prices.
The area is adding jobs – more than 22,500 in the
Charlotte area alone between November 2011
and November 2012, according to state data.
same time a year earlier.
Federal Reserve economist
Rick Kaglic sees the local econ-
omy this way: “A very slow, un-
satisfying economic recovery
that’s likely to be slow, sluggish,
disappointing in the first half of
2013 as well.”
Making matters worse: con-
tinued uncertainty over how Congress will re-
spond to pressing fiscal issues around spending
and borrowing. That’s preventing companies
from hiring and buying new equipment and real
estate so they can expand, Kaglic said.
Local economy a work in progress
Some bright spots exist, including
lower unemployment rates, but job
growth lags behind rest of U.S.
Mecklenburg indicators
Indicator Nov. 2012 Nov. 2011
Average home price $204,413 $192,414
Home sales 2,276 1,686
Building permits
(single family)
224 139
Commercial permits
(excluding multi-family)
14 45
Foreclosures 705 496
Unemployment rate 9% 10.1%
— SOURCES: CAROLINA MLS, N.C. EMPLOYMENT SECURITY
COMMISSION, MECKLENBURG COUNTY AND N.C. COURT SYSTEM
INSIDE
Nationally, unemployment rate holds steady,
with the recovery moving slowly. 2B
SEE ECONOMY, 5A
Kaglic
By Michael Biesecker
Associated Press
RALEIGH — Top officials at the N.C. De-
partment of Commerce have for years been
accepting cash sponsorships from some of
the state’s biggest businesses, including
regulated utilities and firms that lobby the
agency for corporate incentives.
Since 2009, more than $1.5 million –
about $400,000 a year – has been donated
to The Friends of North Carolina, a non-
profit corporation controlled by state Com-
merce Secretary Keith Crisco and his staff,
according to financial documents and
emails The Associated Press obtained
through a public records request.
The program has paid for cocktail parties
in Hollywood and Manhattan, rounds of
golf at Pinehurst, and expenses on overseas
trips to Shanghai and Bangalore – all in-
tended to help woo new employers to the
state.
State law generally bars public officials
from personally benefiting from gifts from
lobbyists or other private interests, but the
Friends payments appear to fall under a
broad exemption. Still, ethics experts ques-
tion whether the use of corporate sponsor-
ships could fuel a perception that the gov-
ernment’s friendship is for sale.
“There can be no doubt that these kinds
of donations lead to the appearance of con-
flicts of interest,” said Wayne Norman, a
professor at the Kenan Institute for Ethics
at Duke University. “The Department of
North Carolina gets by with
help from corporate Friends
SEE FRIENDS, 6A
By Cameron Steele
csteele@charlotteobserver.com
MONROE — Noemi Bernal’s head was bowed
in prayer when the masked man entered with
a gun. He came in through the back door of
Iglesia de Dios Nueva Vida church and put a
shotgun in the hair of one the women who
had come to worship on New Year’s Eve.
No one spoke.
“At first I was afraid,” said Bernal, speak-
ing through a translator. “I thought I was go-
ing to get shot.”
The intruder approached each of the six
women one by one, taking their purses. With
nearly $900, he left the church.
After the brazen crime, pastor Leonel Ber-
nal is making security changes at his Monroe
church. But as always he is relying on his
deep faith in God to restore a sense of nor-
malcy and safety for his small congregation.
“I trusted God,” the pastor said Friday as
he and his wife, Carolina, walked through the
church. “God took care of us.”
Leonel Bernal had been a pastor in El Sal-
vador for more than 20 years when he said he
was called by God to minister to the Hispanic
community in the United States.
Bernal, now 52, packed up his wife and
Pastor: ‘God took care of us’
PHOTOS BY TODD SUMLIN - tsumlin@charlotteobserver.com
Leonel and Carolina Bernal say they have taken security precautions since a robbery at their Monroe church on New Year’s Eve.
Police haven’t caught the man who robbed
the Engleside Street church, and
descriptions of the intruder are vague. SEE ROBBERY, 5A
Monroe church members turn
to faith during, after robbery
Notice the
mug shots
too

30. Bar chart
Notice the
by the
numbers
too

31. Bar chart

32. List

33. How do you depict 100,000 deaths?
Here’s a list of 1,000 names of people who died from COVID-19.
It would take 100 pages like this to list them all.
The New York Times
May 24, 2020
List

34. Notice the
by the
numbers
too
List

35. Coppell Student
Media, Coppell High School,
Coppell, Texas
List

36. Coppell Student
Media, Coppell High School,
Coppell, Texas
List

37. Notice the
by the
numbers
too
United Space Alliance was the
prime contractor for shuttle
operations. NASA
SATURDAY, JANUARY 5, 2013 | SERVING BREVARD COUNTY SINCE 1966 | FLORIDATODAY.COM
$1 Retail. For home delivery
pricing, see page 2A
© 2013 FLORIDA TODAY
Vol. 47, No. 295
ECONOMY ADDS JOBS, RATE STAYS AT 7.8% 4B
WEATHER
Some sun, some
showers in spots
H: 75 L: 65
8A
INDEX
Classified 6-8C
Lottery 2A
Comics 8B
Obituaries 7B
Crosswords 9B
Opinions 7A
Horoscopes 9B
Stocks 5B
Quote of the Day 8A
INSIDE
A wild day
for the NFL
Wild-card teams take
to the playoff field
today.
» PAGE 1C
Plane crash
kills three
Aircraft plunges into
house in Flagler
County.
» PAGE 10B
Its function
is your form
An exercise room can
be a homey part of
your space.
» SPACES
Casting for
pompano
Anglers take aim at
one of their favorite
catches.
» PAGE 1B
PATRICK AIR FORCE
BASE — Friendships
among Olympians
brought together world-
class swimmers and elite
military men for an ex-
traordinary day of gruel-
ing training.
Olympic gold medal-
ists Ryan Lochte and Co-
nor Dwyer joined their al-
ma mater University of
Florida men’s swim team
for a taste of the Air Force
pararescue indoctrina-
tion course Friday with
airmen at Patrick Air
Force Base.
Burpees, pull-ups,
push-ups—lotsofthem—
beachrunning,swimming
and boat carries were just
some of the exercises that
tested the swimmers and
gave them a new respect
for the nation’s elite
Guardian Angels.
Maj.ChadSeniorofthe
920th Rescue Wing, a U.S.
Olympian in modern pen-
tathlon in 2000 and 2004,
Gold medalists Ryan Lochte and Conor Dwyer joined their alma mater UF swim team for a grueling day of
training on Friday alongside the 920th Rescue Wing at Patrick Air Force Base. MALCOLM DENEMARK/FLORIDA TODAY
SWIMMING
WITH ANGELSOlympians,
UF team
sweat with
PAFB men
INDOCTRINATION
Some of the exercises the
Florida Gators men’s swim
team did Friday:
STRENGTH CIRCUIT
3 minutes each with
about 2 minutes break
» 24” box jump: 50 reps
» Pull-ups: 25 reps
» Farmers walk: walk
250 yards carrying two
40-pound bags
» Medicine ball throw-
run: run, throw 7- to
9-pound balls a total of
400 yards
» Kettlebell shuttle run:
carry 30 to 70 pounds a
total of 400 yards
OTHER DRILLS
» Mile run on the beach
» Flutter kicks in the surf
» Push-ups
» Buddy carries
» Zodiac inflatable boat
carries 300 yards, launch
and paddle 400 yards
Gold medalist Ryan
Lochte takes part in a
push-up circle. MALCOLM
DENEMARK/FLORIDA TODAY
By R. Norman Moody
FLORIDA TODAY
CHECK OUT VIDEO ONLINE
Scan the code to check out
a video on the UF swim
team’s visit to Patrick Air
Force Base at
floridatoday.com. On
your tablet computer, visit
tablet.floridatoday.com
for a special report on the team’s visit.
Picking up where it left off
last year, United Space Alliance
on Friday laid off 111 local em-
ployees.
The cuts came a month after
NASA’s lead space shuttle con-
tractor eliminated 119 positions
at Kennedy Space Center.
Work to retire the shuttle
program is nearing an end, and
by March, USA will hand over
management of KSC ground
systems to a new contractor, Ja-
cobs Technology.
More layoffs are planned in
March and April, but Houston-
based USA’s parent companies,
The Boeing Co. and Lockheed
Martin Corp., have not publicly
confirmed the joint venture’s
post-shuttle fate.
“Boeing and Lockheed con-
tinue discussions regarding
USA’s future,” company
spokeswoman Tracy Yates said
in a statement.
Once more than 10,000
strong, USA now has 1,621 total
employees, including 785 on the
Space Coast.
The company has let go more
than 6,000 people over the
course of 11 “reductions in
force” since October 2009, in-
cluding about 4,300 in Florida.
Outgoing employees were
given 60 days’ notice and were
eligible for severance packages
ranging from four to 26 weeks
of pay.
Insmallernumbers,NASAis
also paring its civil servant
staff at KSC through buyout of-
fers to targeted employees.
KSC will confirm how many ac-
cepted the buyout next week, a
spokesman said.
USA lays
off more
shuttle
workers
Contractor lets 111 go
as work winds down
By James Dean
FLORIDA TODAY
REMAINING KSC
WORKFORCE
8,308
TOTAL
2,103
GOVERNMENT
4,913
PRIVATE CONTRACTORS
1,292
OTHER TENANTS AND
CONSTRUCTION WORKERS
Source: NASA
Contact Dean at 321-242-3668 or
jdean@floridatoday.com.
NEWTOWN, Conn — Nearly
two years after being critically
wounded in a mass shooting,
former Arizona congresswom-
an Gabrielle Giffords on Friday
met with families of victims in
lastmonth’sshootingthatleft26
people dead inside a Connecti-
cut elementary school.
Giffords was accompanied
byherhusband,astronautMark
Kelly, at the private meeting in
Newtownthatwasalsoattended
by U.S. Sen. Richard Blumen-
thal.
“As always, I was deeply im-
pressed by the strength and
courage and resolve of the fam-
ilies and the extraordinary car-
ing and generosity of Gabby
Giffords and Mark Kelly in vis-
iting with them,” Blumenthal
said.
Giffords meets with Conn. families
Kelly, senator both
call for new talks,
reforms to gun laws
By John Christoffersen
Associated Press
Former U.S. Rep. Gabrielle
Giffords, left, holds hands with
her husband, Mark Kelly, while
exiting Newtown’s Town Hall. APSee GIFFORDS, Page 2A
See ANGELS, Page 3A
TUNED FOR TITLE
HITTING
HIGH NOTE
Irish’s QB
maestro ready
for big stage.
VIDEO
ONLINE
Scan the code
to see what
Brevard says.
List

39. Timeline

40. Timeline

41. Timeline

42. Timeline

43. Timeline

44. Timeline

45. Timeline

46. Timeline and quote collection

47. Oro, Cactus
Canyon Junior
High School,
Apache Junction,
Arizona
Timeline

48. By the
numbers

50. Map
And a
calendar
And a step-
by-step
Timber Creek Talon, Timber
Creek High School, Fort
Worth, Texas

51. 1
2
3 4
5
6
7
8
9
10
5
5
405
605
10
10
15
15
8
210
215
San Diego
Los Angeles
L.A. Intl.
Airport
L.A. Intl.
Airport
John Wayne
Airport
Ontario Intl.
Airport
Long Beach
Airport
San Diego Intl.
Airport
San Bernardino
Riverside
Rancho
Cucamonga
Ventura Simi
Valley
Thousand Oaks
Anaheim
0 50
Miles
Storms of fire,
skies of smoke
Storms of fire,
skies of smoke
THE SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA FIRES
A LOOK AT EACH FIRE AS OF 8 P.M. MONDAY
FIRE FORECAST
HOW THE FIRE SPREAD HOW OAKLAND HILLS COMPARES
High temperatures, low humidity
and strong winds combine to dry
out vegetation and whip fires along.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA:
Firefighters should get a break today
as hot, gusty Santa Ana winds give
way to cool, moist ocean breezes. In
many cases those breezes should
push fires back toward areas that
have already burned.
BAY AREA:
Temperatures are expected to fall in
the next few days. Instead of bring-
ing hot, dry air from inland areas,
winds will diminish and shift, carry-
ing cool, moist air from the ocean.
Oakland hills
Acres burned: 1,800
Deaths: 25
Injuries: 150
Homes and apartments
destroyed: 3,175
Homes left
uninhabitable: 65
Firefighters deployed:
More than 1,000
Estimated damage:
$1.5 billion in 1991 dollars
Contributing factors:
Temperatures in the 80s
and 90s and high winds
gusting to 35 mph.
Cause: Unknown,
despite 1,500 hours
of investigation
ASSOCIATED PRESS ARCHIVES
The Oakland hills fire began Oct. 20, 1991.
Southern California
Acres burned: 501,000
Deaths: 15
Injuries: N/A
Homes burned: More
than 1,118
Homes threatened:
About 30,000
Firefighters deployed:
10,644
Estimated damage:
Not yet available
Contributing factors:
High temperatures, dry
conditions and gusty
Santa Ana winds funnel-
ing through canyons,
bringing hot air from
high deserts to the east.
PIRU
Size: 29,324 acres
Homes: None
destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment: 10%
Start: Thursday
west of Lake Piru
in Ventura County
Personnel: 1,083
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
GRAND PRIX
Size: 57,232 acres
Homes:
60 destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment: 35%
Start: Oct. 21 in
Fontana
Personnel: 2,506
firefighters
Cause: Arson
OLD FIRE
Size: 26,000 acres
Homes: 450 homes,
10 commercial
buildings destroyed
Deaths: Two
Containment: 10%
Start: Saturday in
Old Waterman
Canyon
Personnel: 1,632
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation,
suspicious origin
MOUNTAIN
Size: 10,000 acres
Homes: One house,
eight mobile homes
destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment: 55%
Start: Sunday in
southern Riverside
County
Personnel: 664
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
ROBLAR
Size: 8,500 acres
Homes: None destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment: 100%
Start: Oct. 21 at Camp
Pendleton Marine
Corps base north of
San Diego
Personnel: 100
firefighters
Cause: Suspected to
have been ignited by
live ammunition used in
exercises
PARADISE
Size: 30,000 acres
Homes:
57 destroyed
or damaged
Deaths: Two
Containment: 15%
Start: Sunday in
Valley Center area
near Interstate 15
Personnel: 862
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
CEDAR
Size: 206,664 acres
Homes: 528
destroyed or damaged
Deaths: 11
Containment: 0%
Start: Saturday in
eastern San Diego
County
Personnel: 2,300
firefighters
Cause: Authorities
believe a hunter set
signal fire when he
got lost
OTAY
Size: 34,800 acres
Homes: None
destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment: 17%
Start: Sunday in
southern San
Diego County
Personnel: 147
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
SIMI
Size: 90,000 acres
Homes: Six
destroyed, eight
damaged
Deaths: None
Containment: 5%
Start: Saturday
Personnel: 900
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
21 5VERDALE
Size: 8,680 acres
Homes: None
destroyed
Deaths: None
Containment:
85%
Start: Friday west
of Santa Clarita in
northern Los
Angeles County
Personnel: 450
firefighters
Cause: Under
investigation
4
SierraNevada
range
H
L
■ Usually develop between
October and March when
desert is cold
SANTA ANA WINDS WHIP UP FIRES
Named after California’s Santa Ana Canyon, the Santa Ana is
a blustery, dry, hot wind that blows out of the desert.
How the winds develop
Utah
Nevada
San Diego
Los Angeles
San Francisco
What makes Santa Anas hot, dry and fierce
Must blow at speeds greater than 25 knots (about 30 mph)
Ariz.
■ As air moves
down mountainside,
it warms and dries
■ As air squeezes through canyons
and passes, it picks up speed; friction
helps create swirling winds
Originate in high-pressure system
over the Great Basin; slow, clockwise
flow of air is trapped between
Rockies and Sierra
Low-pressure system
over the Pacific sucks
winds through
mountain passes
toward coast
San Gabriel Mtns.
San Bernardino Mtns.
California
How rapidly vegetation
dries out and becomes
flammable:
FIRE ON THE MOVE Fire rapidly burns light fuels like grass growth, then
spreads to ignite heavier fuels.
Fire may creep
along the ground,
consuming light
fuels with low-
intensity flames.
High winds can sweep it
up into a hot crown fire,
consuming trees
Embers carried by
rising flames may
start spot fires,
overrunning fire
lines, ditches and
other barriers
Blazing heat
creates convection
currents,
intensifying
movement.
Annual grass
Coastal sage, juniper,
chaparral
Logs, mature
standing timber
1 hour
1,000 hours
10 hours
How fast fires
accelerate up
hills:
Twice
as fast
30°
Normal
speed
0 to 5°
Four times
as fast
55°
Slopes
Surface
fire
Surface
fire
Spot
fire
Spot
fire
1
2
3 6 7 8 9 10
Sources: Mercury News, Knight Ridder, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NASA, University of California Los Angeles, KRT Photo Service,
National Interagency Fire Center, Department of the Interior, Wildland Urban Fire Advisory Group, Colorado State University
RESEARCH: KARL KAHLER, GLENNDA CHUI GRAPHIC: PAI, KEVIN WENDT, PHIL LOUBERE — MERCURY NEWS
grass, then
TUESDAY, OCTOBER 28, 2003 SAN JOSE MERCURY NEWS WWW.MERCURYNEWS.COM # 5A
Infographics
6
8
9
10
8
San Diego
San Diego Intl.
Airport
0 50
Miles
HOW THE FIRE SPREAD HOW OAKLAND HILLS COMPARES
Oakland hills
Acres burned: 1,800
Deaths: 25
Injuries: 150
Homes and apartments
destroyed: 3,175
Homes left
uninhabitable: 65
Firefighters deployed:
More than 1,000
Estimated damage:
$1.5 billion in 1991 dollars
Contributing factors:
Temperatures in the 80s
and 90s and high winds
gusting to 35 mph.
Cause: Unknown,
despite 1,500 hours
of investigation
ASSOCIATED PRESS ARCHIVES
The Oakland hills fire began Oct. 20, 1991.
Southern California
Acres burned: 501,000
Deaths: 15
Injuries: N/A
Homes burned: More
than 1,118
Homes threatened:
About 30,000
Firefighters deployed:
10,644
Estimated damage:
Not yet available
Contributing factors:
High temperatures, dry
conditions and gusty
Santa Ana winds funnel-
ing through canyons,
bringing hot air from
high deserts to the east.
SierraNevada
range
H
L
■ Usually develop between
October and March when
desert is cold
SANTA ANA WINDS WHIP UP FIRES
Named after California’s Santa Ana Canyon, the Santa Ana is
a blustery, dry, hot wind that blows out of the desert.
How the winds develop
Utah
Nevada
San Diego
Los Angeles
San Francisco
What makes Santa Anas hot, dry and fierce
Must blow at speeds greater than 25 knots (about 30 mph)
Ariz.
■ As air moves
down mountainside,
it warms and dries
■ As air squeezes through canyons
and passes, it picks up speed; friction
helps create swirling winds
Originate in high-pressure system
over the Great Basin; slow, clockwise
flow of air is trapped between
Rockies and Sierra
Low-pressure system
over the Pacific sucks
winds through
mountain passes
toward coast
San Gabriel Mtns.
San Bernardino Mtns.
California
How rapidly vegetation
dries out and becomes
flammable:
FIRE ON THE MOVE Fire rapidly burns light fuels like grass growth, then
spreads to ignite heavier fuels.
Fire may creep
along the ground,
consuming light
fuels with low-
intensity flames.
High winds can sweep it
up into a hot crown fire,
consuming trees
Embers carried by
rising flames may
start spot fires,
overrunning fire
lines, ditches and
other barriers
Blazing heat
creates convection
currents,
intensifying
movement.
Annual grass
Coastal sage, juniper,
chaparral
Logs, mature
standing timber
1 hour
1,000 hours
10 hours
How fast fires
accelerate up
hills:
Twice
as fast
30°
Normal
speed
0 to 5°
Four times
as fast
55°
Slopes
Surface
fire
Surface
fire
Spot
fire
Spot
fire
1
2
Sources: Mercury News, Knight Ridder, U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, NASA, University of California Los Angeles, KRT Photo Service,
National Interagency Fire Center, Department of the Interior, Wildland Urban Fire Advisory Group, Colorado State University
RESEARCH: KARL KAHLER, GLENNDA CHUI GRAPHIC: PAI, KEVIN WENDT, PHIL LOUBERE — MERCURY NEWS
grass, then

52. Infographic
Quote
collection
By the
numbers
Timeline
Black and Gold, Rock
Canyon High School,
Highlands Ranch, Colorado

53. Infographic
Map
By the
numbers
Glossary
Vieo, Castle View High School,
Castle Rock, Colorado

54. Goal:
To pull a viewer
into the publication AND
to add ‘quick read’
information

55. Coppell Student
Media, Coppell High School,
Coppell, Texas
Photo
Gallery

56. The Budget, Lawrence High
School, Lawrence, Kansas
Photo
Gallery

57. U-High Midway, University of
Chicago Laboratory High
School, Chicago, Illinois
Notice the
pull quote
too
Notice the
related
stories list
too
Audio

58. Cedar Post, Sandpoint High
School, Sandpoint, Idaho
Notice the
video too
Notice the
pull quote
too
Audio

59. The Budget, Lawrence High
School, Lawrence, Kansas
Notice the
info box
Too
Video

60. Bearing News, Rock Bridge
High School, Columbia,
Missouri
Notice the
initial letter
Too
Video

61. Goal:
To pull a viewer
into the publication AND
to add ‘quick read’
information

62. Goal:
What is the best way
to tell this story?

63. By Bradley Wilson, PhD
bradleywilson08@gmail.com
bradleywilsononline.net • @bradleywilson09
©2020